下一代直线对撞机失谐结构尾场的精确计算—盘荷波导电磁场的研究

利用变分法研究了周期性盘荷波导中零极模、二极模及更高极模式的电磁场特性.该方法考虑了栏片的圆弧,对真实结构没有做任何近似,是一种高精度方法,计算表明该方法的结果与实验测量值基本符合,与其它程序相比有很高的计算精度.这为下一步精确研究下一代直线对撞机失谐结构的尾场提供了一个很好的方法与工具.     

下一代直线对撞机失谐结构尾场的精确计算：—盘荷波导电磁 …

利用变分法研究了周期性盘荷波导中零极模、二极模及更高极模式的电磁场特性。该方法考虑了栏片的圆弧，对真实结构没有做任何近似，是一种高精度方法，计算表明该方法的结果与实验测量值基本符合，与其它程序相比有很高的计算精度，这为下一步精确研究下一代直线对机失谐结构的尾场提供了一个很好的方法与工具。     

BEPCⅡ BPM模拟研究

基于减少光电子的要求,BEPCⅡ真空管道采用antechamber结构,TE模截止频率可能低于BPM信号处理频率500MHz.本文主要模拟研究TE10模对位置测量的影响,发现TE10模截止频率低于500MHz时,将带来束流位置测量误差10.1μm;改变狭缝长度,在TE10模截止频率高于500MHz时,测量误差将在可以接受的范围内.同时,模拟研究了BPM尾场对束流的影响,计算了相应尾场阻抗     

中央开耦合槽矩形双间隙谐振腔中的TM高次模

 用解析方法导出了中央开耦合槽矩形双间隙谐振腔中π-TM模式频率的本征方程和特性阻抗的计算公式,分析了耦合槽大小对几种π-TM模式频率和特性阻抗的影响。对TM₃₁₀模的具体计算结果显示,解析方法与模拟方法的计算结果符合得很好,可以用于计算谐振频率和特性阻抗。研究表明,耦合壁的厚度对π-TM模式频率的影响不大,耦合槽的大小和位置对谐振频率影响则较大。同时发现,在TM高次模双间隙腔中,出现了π₁模消失现象。     

相对论重离子碰撞中集合流的横向运动关联

本文对1.2AGeV Ar+BaI₂和2.1 AGeV Ne+NaF碰撞的Bevalac流光室4π实验数据进行了集合流横向运动关联特性的研究.研究表明,末态粒子的横向运动不仅存在粒子分布的方位角关联,而且还存在横向动量模的关联;Ar+BaI₂碰撞实验中粒子分布的方位角关联、横向动量模关联和横向运动关联都分别强于Ne+NaF碰撞实验中相对应的各种关联;对于这两组碰撞实验,粒子分布的方位角关联相对横向动量模关联在横向运动关联中起着主要作用.     

X波段介质和金属膜片混合加载行波加速结构的传播特性计算及模型腔的有关研究

计算了X波段(f=9.37GHz)介质和金属膜片混合加载行波加速结构的TM₀₁模和HEM₁₁模的色散曲线, 结果表明HEM₁₁模的截止频率比TM₀₁模的低, 说明与盘荷波导相比, 该种新加速结构单束团的BBU效应得到改善.实验研究优选得到了适用于该种新加速结构的介质(ε_r=5.812). 采用MAFIA程序优化设计了模型腔, 测试频率与设计的数值吻合得很好.     

非线性偏振旋转中偏振控制器方位角的研究

提出一种基于Jones矩阵的非线性偏振旋转锁模光纤激光器数值模型, 对偏振控制器波片方位角的描述具有物理意义清晰的优点. 数值仿真得到均方根宽度为0.28 ps的超短脉冲, 时域对称且振幅稳定. 搭建了非线性偏振旋转锁模光纤激光器, 系统可以自启动, 得到了重复频率为67.35 MHz的锁模脉冲输出. 数值仿真和实验结果都表明偏振控制器两个波片的方位角α₁和α₂都具有周期性, 周期分别为180°和90°. 由于随机双折射的影响, 实验测得的波片方位角调谐范围比数值仿真的结果小, 这一点通过在数值仿真模型中加入随机双折射的作用而得到证明.     

L波段高阶模抑制型磁绝缘线振荡器研究

根据磁绝缘线振荡器(magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator, MILO)中基模(TM₀₀模)与临近高阶模(HEM₁₁模)高频场分布的区别,采用破坏各腔之间HEM₁₁模π 模谐振条件的方式抑制器件中高阶模产生的方法,提出了高阶模抑制型MILO. 运用三维全电磁粒子模拟软件对高阶模抑制型L波段MILO器件进行模拟研究, 数值模拟结果表面该方法能够抑制器件中HEM₁₁模的产生.在此基础上对器件进行了对比性实验研究, 实验结果表明高阶模抑制型器件能够抑制HEM₁₁模的产生,稳定工作在基模.     

两等同双能级原子与q模腔场任意N∑光子共振相互作用辐射谱研究

本文建立了“q模腔场-两原子”系统的任意N^∑光子相互作用模型,利用这一模型研究了两个偶极一偶极力关联的等同双能级原子与q模腔场任意N^∑光子.共振相互作用的辐射谱.对q模腔场分别处于不同数态:即q模腔场均为真空场、q模腔场均为强场、1模为真空场(q-1)模为强场、q₀模为真空场(qq₀)模为强场、以及(q-1)模为真空场1模为强场时辐射谱的结构持征及物理特性进行了详细分析,揭示出“q模腔场-两原子”系统任意N^∑光子共振相互作用辐射谱的一般特征.现有文献报道,仅仅是本文的普遍性结果在各种不同情况下的特例.     

一种新型双间隙输出腔的理论和实验研究

 从双间隙分离腔的色散关系式出发,通过数值计算求出了分离腔中IM₀₁₀模对应的谐振频率,并给出了腔内轴向电场的分布图,证实了分离腔中存在着电场反相的π模场。因此,可以将其用作电场反相的双间隙输出腔,来实现双间障提取。并用2.5维粒子模拟程序——卡拉特（KARAT）程序对这种分离腔输出回路进行了粒子模拟和优化设计。通过详细的冷测和调试实验,研制出了中心频率为3.74GHz、Q_L值为7.8的低Q_L值双间隙输出腔。     

Ion Plasma Wave Wakefield Accelerators

The possibility of using space-charge waves on an ion beam or column as a wakefield accelerator is discussed. The primary advantages of using ion plasma waves over electron plasma waves are that the kinetic energy and fall-time requirements on the driving beam are reduced. One disadvantage in using a lower plasma frequency is that a larger current is required to achieve the same accelerating gradient. The basic aspects of wakefield accelerators are reviewed and this concept is analyzed in this context. Particle-in-cell simulations show that wakefields utilizing ion waves, although more complicated than plasma wakefields, can produce acceleration.     

A staggered double vane circuit for a W-band traveling-wave tube amplifier

Based on the combination of a staggered double vane slow wave structure(SWS) and round electron beam,a 200-W W-band traveling-wave tube(TWT) amplifier is studied in this paper.The main advantages of round beam operation over the sheet beam is that the round beam can be formed more easily and the focus requirement can be dramatically reduced.It operates in the fundamental mode at the first spatial harmonic.The geometric parameters are optimized and a transition structure for the slow wave circuit is designed which can well match the signal that enters into and goes out from the tube.Then a TWT model is established and the particle-in-cell(PIC) simulation results show that the tube can provide over 200-W output power in a frequency range of 88 GHz-103 GHz with a maximum power of 289 W at 95 GHz,on the assumption that the input power is 0.1 W and the beam power is 5.155 kW.The corresponding conversion efficiency and gain at 95 GHz are expected to be 5.6% and 34.6 dB,respectively.Such amplifiers can potentially be used in high power microwave-power-modules(MPM) and for other portable applications.     

Spatial mode cleaning in radically asymmetric strongly focused laser beams

We demonstrate that a femtosecond laser pulse strongly focused in air can produce a highly symmetric damage pattern on glass. This damage pattern contains a series of near-perfect radial rings, with diameters much larger than the predicted focal spot diameter. These rings disappear when the experiment is conducted in vacuum, indicating atmospheric involvement. Surprisingly, the shape and size of the rings seem to be nearly independent of the shape of the generating laser beam, showing dramatic spatial mode cleaning. A “half moon” initial laser mode created by obscuring one side of the round beam produces rings of similar quality to those obtained with the unclipped beam. While spatial mode cleaning has previously been reported in filaments, this is the most dramatic demonstration of the effect that we are aware of. We argue that the effect is due primarily to ionization, in contrast to studies in longer filaments that attribute it to self-focusing.     

基于小波变换和数学形态学的孔径测量研究

针对视觉测量中硬盘圆孔孔径容易受到圆孔周围局部强反射、外部噪声的影响和测量精度不高的问题,提出一种基于小波变换、数学形态学和机器视觉相结合的圆形零件孔径测量方法。对摄像头采集圆孔图片,通过小波变换分解出高低频图像,利用小波变换对高频部分进行边缘提取,数学形态学对低频部分进行边缘提取,然后进行小波边缘融合,获取有效的圆孔边缘。利用最小二乘法对边缘进行孔径尺寸计算,经实验验证,该算法与其他算法相比,在有效地保留圆孔周围边缘信息的情况下,对周围噪声进行了有效的抑制,检测精度为0.01 mm以内,实验结果表明此方法简单易行,且具有较高的精度。     

方板阶梯辐射体辐射声场的计算及测试

研究了一种同相弯曲振动方板阶梯辐射体。以边长50 mm的方形平板为例,材料为钢,厚度为6mm。其第四阶本征振型的频率为19332 Hz,用同频率的纵振换能器激励其中心,会出现节线与边长成45°夹角的响应(本征振型中无)。为了获得辐射体辐射声场的高指向性,在四个板角与四条节线围成的等腰直角三角形区域加阶梯,可将平板辐射体改进成阶梯辐射体。计算得到阶梯辐射体的指向性比平板辐射体的指向性尖锐,与方板活塞辐射体的指向性相似。实验测试辐射体指向性与计算结果基本一致。进一步计算发现,方板阶梯辐射体与线性尺寸相同的矩形、圆盘阶梯辐射体比较,其频率低,指向性同样尖锐,可望应用于超声测距、料位测试中。     

矩形弯曲冷却孔绕流的数值研究

本文以平板矩形孔为对象,利用商业软件NUMECA的Fine/Turbo求解器,并采用Spalart-Allmaras一方程湍流模型,在定常假设的条件下,通过数值模拟得到不同速度比时直方孔和弯曲方孔附近的三维流动结构,探讨冷却孔弯曲对减弱肾形的效果。同时讨论了肾形涡发展演变的拓扑结构。     

激光惯性约束聚变驱动器终端光学系统中束匀滑器件前置的条件研究

对激光惯性约束聚变（ICF）驱动器终端光学系统中连续相位板（CPP）的位置优化进行了研究.根据高强度激光非线性及微扰传输理论计算了CPP前置时激光通过频率转换系统以后的近远场光束特性和系统的三倍频转换效率.研究发现,前置于基频光路的CPP对三倍频转换效率和出射光束特性均有影响,但只要远场圆形焦斑直径小于05 mm,三倍频转换效率的下降与出射光束通量对比度的上升均在容许范围之内,同时远场焦斑形态和能量集中度也符合设计要求.对于实现远场小焦斑匀滑的CPP前置于ICF的基频光路中进行光束匀滑和整形,不会对IC 关键词： 连续相位板 束匀滑元件 惯性约束聚变 光束通量对比度     

光纤中基于双宽带抽运的受激布里渊散射增益谱展宽及慢光传输中脉冲失真减小的理论研究

分析了单模光纤中双宽带抽运的受激布里渊散射 （stimulated Brillouin scattering,SBS） 光速减慢效应.模拟了两高斯型宽带抽运光同时作用下的SBS增益谱和损耗谱,提出了一种获得均匀增益谱的方法.由于较强抽运光增益谱的中心频率与较弱抽运光损耗谱的中心频率相重合,通过调节较弱抽运光的功率和谱宽,能够部分地抵消掉较强增益谱的顶部从而构建出平坦的增益谱.研究了该平顶增益情形下信号脉冲畸变的性质.与单宽带抽运下脉冲畸变的对比表明,这种产生平顶增益谱的方法能有效地减小脉冲畸变. 关键词： 慢光 受激布里渊散射（SBS） 单模光纤 脉冲失真     

Basic thermoluminescent and dosimetric properties of Al2O3:C irradiated by pulse intensive electron beam

The effect of deep traps filled by a pulse electron beam on the thermoluminescent (TL) properties in Al₂O₃:C dosimetric crystals is studied. When the deep traps are filled, the dosimetric peak at 170 °C acquires a double-peak structure not present in the initial samples. The effect of the population of the deep centers having various nature (electron or hole traps) and energy depth on the shape of the dosimetric TL peak structure is analyzed. An assumption is made that in the temperature ranges of 350–500 °C and 650–750 °C, electron traps are emptied, whereas at T = 500–650 °C hole traps are emptied. The possibility of using the TL associated with deep traps in high-dose dosimetry of pulse electron beams is shown.     

Demonstration of a 17-GHz, high-gradient accelerator with a photonic-band-gap structure

We report the testing of a high gradient electron accelerator with a photonic-band-gap (PBG) structure. The photonic-band-gap structure confines a fundamental TM(01)-like accelerating mode, but does not support higher-order modes (HOM). The absence of HOM is a major advantage of the PBG accelerator, since it suppresses dangerous beam instabilities caused by wakefields. The PBG structure was designed as a triangular lattice of metal rods with a missing central rod forming a defect confining the TM(01)-like mode and allowing the electron beam to propagate along the axis. The design frequency of the six-cell structure was 17.14 GHz. The PBG structure was excited by 2 MW, 100 ns pulses. A 16.5 MeV electron beam was transmitted through the PBG accelerator. The observed electron beam energy gain of 1.4 MeV corresponds to an accelerating gradient of 35 MV/m, in excellent agreement with theory.