亚磺化脱卤研究 Ⅳ.全氟伯溴代烷及α,ω-二溴代烷的亚磺化脱溴反应

应用相转移催化或加入共溶剂的技术,全氟伯溴代烷及α,ω-二溴代烷均可在水溶液中与Na_2S_2O_4-NaHCO_3反应,生成相应的全氟亚磺酸盐及二亚磺酸盐,产率66～97％。     

亚磺化脱卤研究IV全氟伯溴代烷及α,ω-二溴代烷的亚磺化脱溴反应

应用相转移催化或加入共溶剂的技术,全氟伯溴代烷及α,ω-二溴代烷均可在水溶液中与Na2S2O4-NaHCO2反应,生成相应的全氟亚磺酸盐及二亚磺酸盐,产率66-97%。     

脱卤亚磺化研究——连二亚硫酸钠作为新的脱卤亚磺化试剂

全氟碘代烷与亚硫酸盐发生单电子转移反应生成全氟亚磺酸盐;连二亚硫酸钠水溶液热分解时,ESR表明生成SO_2~-主阴离子自由基,这两者促使我们尝试用连二亚硫酸钠代替亚硫酸盐与全氟卤代烷反应.实验表明对于全氟碘代烷及溴代烷它是一种有效的     

亚磺化脱卤研究 Ⅴ.RCCl_3型化合物的亚磺化脱卤反应

本文报道RCCl_3型化合物的亚磺化脱卤反应.在温和的条件下,四氯化碳及1,1,1-三氯多氟烷烃RCCl_3(R=Cl,F,CF_3,Cl(CF_2)_n,n=2,4,6,8)与连二亚硫酸钠反应,得到亚磺化脱氯产物RCCl_2SO_2Na,产率最高达85％以上.反应在水-乙腈或水-乙醇溶剂中以及碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠存在下进行.反应的最佳温度为25℃左右,提高反应温度,则脱氯氢化成为主要反应.三氯溴甲烷和三氯碘甲烷的亚磺化反应分别生成脱溴及脱碘产物,三氯甲基亚磺酸钠(CCl_3SO_2Na),产率80％左右.RCCl_3型化合物的亚磺化脱卤反应,提供了合成三氯甲基亚磺酸、磺酸及其衍生物的一种新方法,并首次应用于合成α,α-二氯多氟烷基亚磺酸、磺酸等类化合物.     

亚磺化脱卤研究-连二亚硫酸钠引发的全氟烷基自由基对双键的加成

全氟碘代烷或溴代烷与亚硫酸盐或连二亚硫酸钠所发生的亚磺化脱卤反应表现自由基反应的特征,提供了用化学方法截捕全氟烷基自由基中间体的可能性:R_FX SO_2(?)[R_FX·SO_2](?)R_F· X~- SO_2.实验表明,在烯烃存在下,全氟碘代烷或溴代烷可以在亚磺化脱卤的同时生成较高产率的自由基加成产物.连二亚硫酸钠可作为全氟烷基自由基引发剂尚未见文献报道.本文报道了这一工作.全氟碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠-碳酸氢钠的乙腈水溶液中,与1～1.5当量的烯烃在室温或稍高的温度下反应.即可获得相应的自由基加成产物.产率为50～80％:     

亚磺化脱卤研究III.全氟伯碘代烷及a,w-全氟伯碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠作用下的亚磺化脱碘反应

应用相转移催化和加入共溶剂的技术,全氟碘代烷如Cl(CF2)2I(1a)、Cl(CF2)4I(1b),Cl(CF2)6I(1c),H(CF2)8I(1d),C4F9I(1e),C6F13I(1f),C8F17I(1g)及α,ω-全氟二碘代烷如(ICF2CF2)2O(3a),I(CF2)6I(3b),I(CF2)8I(3c),I(CF2)10I(3d)等均可与连二亚硫酸钠水溶液在温和的条件下发生亚磺化脱碘反应,生成全氟亚磺酸盐Cl(CF2)2SO2Na(2a),Cl(CF2)4SO2Na(2b),Cl(CF2)6SO2Na(2c),H(CF2)8SO2Na(2d),C4F9SO2Na(2e),C6F13SO2Na(2f),C8F17SO2Na(2g)及O(CF2CF2SO2K)255a),KO2S(CF2)6SO2K(5b),KO2S(CF2)8SO2K(5c),KO2S(CF2)10SO2K(5d)全氟α,ω-二亚磺酸钠易潮解,均转化为相应的钾盐。这些亚磺酸盐均可用常规方法氯化成对应的磺酰氯,从而提供了由全氟碘代烷、二碘代烷制备全氟亚磺酸盐、二亚磺酸盐及全氟磺酸,二磺酸及衍生物的一种实用方法。     

亚磺化脱卤研究 Ⅶ.全氟碘代烷与SO_3~-的反应

全氟碘代烷R_FI[R_F=CF_3(CF_2)_5(1a);H(CF_2)_4(1b);H(CF_2)8(1c);Cl(CF_2)_4(1d);Cl(CF_2)_6(1e);Cl(CF_2)_8(1f);NaO_3S(CF_2)2O(CF_)_2(1g);NaO_3S(CF_2)_2O(CF_2)_4(1h)]及α,ω-二碘化物I(CF_2)_n[n=4(1i);n=6(1j)]与Ce~(4+)-亚硫酸氢钠于70℃左右、pH3～4的溶液中反应,形成相应的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐,产率70～85％.全氟氯代烷和全氟溴代烷在同样条件下未能发生反应.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 Ⅲ.全氟伯碘代烷及α,ω—全氟二伯碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠作用下的亚磺化脱碘反应

应用相转移催化和加入共溶剂的技术,全氟碘代烷如Cl(CF_2)_2I(1a)、Cl(CF_2)_4I(1b),Cl(CF_2)_6I(1c),H(CF_2)_8I(1d),C_4F_9I(1e),C_6F_(13)I(1f),C_8F_(17)I(1g)及α,ω-全氟二碘代烷如(ICF_2CF_2)_2O(3a),I(CF_2)_6I(3b),I(CF_2)_8I(3c),I(CF_2)_(10)I(3d)等均可与连二亚硫酸钠水溶液在温和的条件下发生亚磺化脱碘反应,生成全氟亚磺酸盐Cl(CF_2)_2SO_2Na(2a),Cl(CF_2)_4SO_2Na(2b),Cl(CF_2)_6SO_2Na(2c),H(CF_2)_8SO_2Na(2d),C_4F_9SO_2Na(2e),C_6F_(13)SO_2Na(2f),C_8F_(17)SO_2Na(2g)及O(CF_2CF_2SO_2K)_2(5a),KO_2S(CF_2)_6SO_2K(5b),KO_2S(CF_2)_8SO_2K(5c),KO_2S(CF_2)_(10)SO_2K(5d)。全氟α,ω-二亚磺酸钠易潮解,均转化为相应的钾盐。这些亚磺酸盐均可用常规方法氯化成对应的磺酰氯,从而提供了由全氟碘代烷、二碘代烷制备全氟亚磺酸盐、二亚磺酸盐及全氟磺酸,二磺酸及衍生物的一种实用方法。     

亚磺化脱卤研究 VII. 全氟碘代烷与SO~3^-的反应

全氟碘代烷R~FI[R~F=CF~3(CF~2)~5(1a);H(CF~2)~4(1b);H(CF~2)~8(1c);Cl(CF~2)~6(1d);Cl(CF~2)~8(1e)Cl(CF~2)~8(1f);;NaO~3S(CF~2)~20(CF~2)~2(1g);NaO~3S(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~4(1h)]及α,ω-二碘化物I(CF~2)~nI[n=4(1i);n=6(1j)]与Ce^4^+-亚硫酸氢钠于70℃左右、pH3～4的溶液中反应,形成相应的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐,产率70～85%。全氟氯代烷和全氟溴代烷在同样条件下未能发生反应。     

亚磺化脱卤研究 Ⅵ.带极性取代基的伯碘代全氟烷的亚磺化脱碘

本文研究了取代基对亚磺化脱碘反应的影响.带极性取代基的碘代全氟烷I(CF_2)_nO(CF_2)_2-SO_3Na(1a～1c,n=2,4,6)、I(CF_2)_nOCF_2CO_2Na(2a～2b,n=2,4)、I(CF_2)_2O(CF_2)_2SO_2K(3)及I(CF_2)_4OCF_2CONH_2(4)于水溶液中在温和的条件下可与连二亚硫酸钠进行亚磺化脱碘反应,生成相应取代的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐NaO_2S(CF_2)_nO(CF_2)_2SO_3Na(5a～5c,n=2,4,6)、NaO_2S(CF_2)_n-OCF_2CO_2Na(6a～6b,n=2,4)、NaO_28(CF_2)_2O(CF_2)_2SO_2K(7)及NaO_2S(CF_2)_4OCF_2CONH_2(8).这些亚磺酸盐均可按常规方法转化成相应取代的磺酰氯,从而提供了合成带这些取代基的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐及磺酸等衍生物的方便途径.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.