倾斜入射楔形薄膜滤光片的透射光谱研究

角度调谐薄膜滤光片因较大的波长调谐特性和良好的矩形度在密集波分复用系统中得到了广泛的应用。在倾斜入射时薄膜滤光片透射光谱的透射率和半宽不仅受到入射角度的影响,还跟滤光片两端面间的非平行度即楔角的大小有关。详细分析了楔角对对滤光片透射率以及半宽的影响,发现适当的楔角和角度取向能够改善倾斜入射状态下滤光片的透射光谱特性。设计制备了楔角为0.8°的楔形薄膜角度调谐滤光片,实验结果证明保持该楔角的方向与倾斜入射角度相同时会严重的劣化透射光谱的透射率和矩形度,方向相反时则可以提高光谱的透射率以及矩形度,并使器件的波长调谐范围增大约10 nm。     

楔角参量对角度调谐滤光片反射特性影响的光谱学研究

三端口可调谐滤波器是全光智能交换网络和密集波分复用系统中的核心器件。其反射端口的光谱特性,尤其是反射率和信道隔离度对于滤波器的性能至关重要。角度调谐滤光片因其良好的矩形度和温度稳定性被广泛应用于三端口可调谐滤波器的制备,其反射端口的光谱特性不仅与倾斜入射角度的大小有关,而且与其非平行端面间的楔角参量有关。文章详细分析了楔角参量对非平行角度调谐滤光片的反射率及半宽的影响,仿真计算了楔角参量在不同极性和大小条件下角度调谐滤光片的反射光谱特性,揭示了保持适当的楔角参量和方向性可以改善倾斜入射状态下滤光片的反射光谱特性。设计并制备了楔角为0.8°的楔形角度调谐滤光片,实验证明了当保持楔角方向与倾斜入射方向相同时会严重的劣化透反射光谱的半宽和隔离度,方向相反时则可以改善反射光谱的反射率和半宽指标。通过负楔角参量的引入使得角度调谐滤光片较之高平行度的同类器件具有更高的反射率和信道隔离度。     

基于对称广义Fibonacci光子晶体结构的电光可调谐滤波器

本文构建了含有电光材料LiNbO₃的一维对称广义Fibonacci光子晶体结构,提出并设计了一种基于该结构的可调谐滤波器,并利用传输矩阵法对设计的滤波器的可调谐滤波特性进行了理论研究.数据模拟结果表明:保持对称广义Fibonacci光子晶体的几何结构不变,通过改变电极所在处施加在电光介质(LiNbO₃)层上的外加电场,即可实现滤波器的滤波通道波长的调节,滤波通道波长的改变与外加电压呈线性关系,随着外加电压的增加,滤波通道波长向短波长方向移动.此外,电压一定时,通道波长随光的入射角的增加向短波长方向移动;光的入射角一定时,外加正电压下,通道波长随电压增加发生蓝移,而外加负电压下,通道波长随反向电压的增加发生红移.最后,讨论了双电场作用下的多通道波长滤波器的结构极其特性.以上结果对于新型光子晶体器件的设计具有重要的参考价值.     

基于古斯-汉欣位移的双通道窄带滤波器

本文利用光束在对称金属包覆波导表面反射得到的异常大的古斯-汉欣(Goos-Hänchen)位移,通过实验实现了双通道窄带滤波.当入射激光波长为859.60 nm时,两通道滤波的峰值位置分别为859.604 nm和859.688 nm,峰值半宽(FWHM)为0.036 nm,而消光比达到15.3 dB.峰值波长可通过改变入射角或小孔位置实现调谐. 关键词： 古斯-汉欣(Goos-Hä nchen)位移 光波导 双通道 滤波器     

基于亚波长二维光栅的入射角不敏感颜色滤光片研究

提出了一种基于二维亚波长光栅的具有非偏振光入射下入射角不敏感特性的反射式颜色滤光片. 采用严格耦合波分析方法详细分析了光栅周期、光栅层厚度以及固定光栅占空比下光栅的结构尺寸对反射率峰值、反射带位置及带宽的影响. 结合入射角不敏感特性, 经过优化设计得到了光栅的最终结构参数, 获得了中心波长424 nm, 峰值反射率56%, 带宽45 nm的反射滤光片.模拟结果表明, 在非偏振光入射下, 此滤光片的反射光谱表现出显著的入射角不敏感特性. 当入射角高达60°时反射带的中心波长偏移6 nm 反射率下降6%带宽增加8 nm 其参数没有较大变化通过调整光栅的结构参数可在400–520 nm范围内调节滤光片的中心波长以获得不同颜色的入射角不敏感滤光片. 关键词： 反射式滤光片 二维亚波长光栅 入射角不敏感 严格耦合波分析     

小型环形激光器中He-Ne气体放电辉光压制的光学方法

为解决小型环形激光器输出信号信噪比随腔长减小而下降的问题,研制了一种压制He-Ne气体放电辉光的滤光片。该滤光片的中心波长为632.8nm,入射角为45°,其基片是截止波长为550nm的短波截止红色玻璃,基片前表面镀有19层瞙系结构为{HL2HLHLHLH2LHLHLHLH2LH}的窄带滤光片,后表面镀有4层非规整减反膜。使用离子溅射法和石英晶振膜厚监控方式制备了该滤光片,并对其进行了反向工程拟合,拟合的理论曲线与用Lambda950分光光度计正入射实测的透过率曲线较为吻合。将该滤光片胶合在环形激光器的输出镜后表面,其有用的激光信号幅值基本不变,而噪声幅值下降了约80%,表明该滤光片从光学上使输出信号的信噪比提高了5倍,降低了后续电路处理的负担及复杂度,为小型环形激光器的研制起到了一定的作用。     

Compact resonantly intra-cavity pumped tunable Ho:Sc2SiO5 laser

A compact intra-cavity pumped low threshold continuous-wave Ho:Sc₂SiO₅ laser is reported. The characteristics of output wavelength tuning are investigated by use a intra-cavity briefringent (BF) filter. A wavelength tunable range of 140 nm from 2020 to 2160 nm is achieved. For the free-running mode, the laser slope efficiency is 24.8%, when the output central wavelength is 2110 nm. The laser threshold is about 820 mW of incident pump power. With the BF filter, a maximum output power of 870 mW is obtained at the incident pump power of 5 W, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 20.3%. The characteristics of output wavelength verse the crystal temperature are also investigated.     

Fabrication and annealing analysis of three-dimensional photonic crystals

Three-dimensional face-centered-cubic (fcc) photonic crystals (PhCs) are fabricated on quartz substrate using vertical deposition technique, and followed by annealing in a temperature range of 200-700 °C. The monodispersed SiO₂ microspheres with a diameter of 220 nm in colloidal solution are synthesized using tetraethylorthosilicate as a precursor material. The as grown opal structure exhibits a strong photonic band gap (PBG) around 450 nm in the transmission spectrum. We find that the position of PBG peak in the spectrum is relevant to incident angle of light. Moreover, it is very sensitive to annealing temperature. It quickly shifts to short wavelength direction with annealing temperature increasing. The effect results from the decrease in refraction index due to the moisture evaporation in silica microspheres.     

基于对称广义Fibonacci光子晶体结构的电光可调谐滤波器

本文构建了含有电光材料LiNbO3的一维对称广义Fibonacci光子晶体结构,提出并设计了一种基于该结构的可调谐滤波器,并利用传输矩阵法对设计的滤波器的可调谐滤波特性进行了理论研究.数据模拟结果表明:保持对称广义Fibonacci光子晶体的几何结构不变,通过改变电极所在处施加在电光介质(LiNbO3)层上的外加电场,...     

硅薄膜的短波红外光学特性和1.30μm带通滤光片

在短波红外区域(1～3μm),硅薄膜材料因其具有折射率高、透明性好、膜层应力易匹配等诸多优点而得到广泛应用。基于改进后的Sellmeier模型拟合出了制备的硅薄膜的短波红外光学特性,以此为基础,选用硅和二氧化硅两种材料,设计并制备出中心波长在1.30μm,相对带宽2.46%的带通滤光片。利用了硅薄膜在波长小于1.0μm波段的吸收特性较好地扩展了带外截止范围。测量结果表明,具有2个谐振腔的带通滤光片峰值透射率达到85.8%,半功率带宽控制在约32nm,带外截止范围覆盖了波长小于1.75μm的光谱区域。     

基于高光谱数据研究应用近红外相机加装滤光片实现玉米叶片水分测量的关键参数

实现玉米等活体作物叶片不同区域以及近地冠层的水分含量检测,可为研究作物生长中的水分胁迫响应机制,以及旱情监测、精准灌溉等提供有效技术手段。大体积、大重量、低光通量的高光谱仪难以在田间实现活体检测,将小体积、小重量、高光通量近红外相机加装滤光片使其具有波长分辨能力,有望实现田间活体叶片水分含量成像检测。基于玉米叶片的近红外高光谱数据,对实现水分测量的特征波长位置及个数,以及特征波长带宽和偏移限度等关键参数进行研究;其中,不同带宽的仿真数据依据滤光片透光分布函数得到;固定带宽条件下的中心波长偏移仿真数据依据插值方法得到。研究结果表明：特征波长分别为1 150和1 400 nm,带宽小于100 nm时可满足要求,能够找到符合参数条件的滤光片产品;在带宽为25 nm下所建水分含量模型,其建模集的决定系数（R2）和均方根误差（RMSE）分别达到0.968,1.245%,预测集分别达到0.960,1.298%,可实现玉米叶片水分的准确检测。为推测加装滤光片所建模型受环境温度的影响,应用固定中心波长下的模型预测不同偏移量的仿真数据,当偏移量为0.05 nm时,模型预测误差为不漂移条件下3%左右,可忽略,由干涉滤光片中心波长漂移与温度的关系,相当于环境温度在50 ℃的范围对检测结果影响不大。该研究对近红外相机加装滤光片形成多光谱成像检测装置提供了重要技术参数支撑和环境工作范围建议,装置的搭建工作已开始,装置的实现可为现代农业作物生理、生产研究提供新型、有效手段。     

电压调谐液晶滤光片的研究

对以液晶为腔内物质的液晶法布里珀罗调谐滤光片进行了改进 ,在原来法布里珀罗腔的两侧各加一偏振镜 ,使两个偏振镜的起偏方向平行 ,并且偏振方向都相对于液晶分子长轴的方向成 45°角 ,入射光经多光束干涉后再经偏光干涉 ,导出其透射峰满足的条件为 2 (n∥ -n⊥)Lcosθ =mλ ,这样便克服了原有调谐滤光片两套光谱难以区分的缺点。对改进后的滤光片进行测试 ,在 15 5 0nm附近对该电调谐滤光片的滤光特性做了细致的分析     

Analysis of retroreflector-introduced spectrum distortion in birefringent crystal-based interleaver filters

Spectrum distortion in a birefringent crystal-based interleaver filter introduced by the right-angle total internal reflection retroreflector is studied. The phase shift between two perpendicularly polarized components of the polarized light incident onto the retroreflector is calculated. The sensitivity of the phase shift to the incident angle for different materials from which the retroreflector is made is also considered. This study indicates that the phase shift is less sensitive to the incident angle for retroreflectors having a higher index of refraction, suggesting a fixed-phase compensator that can be used to cancel out the phase shift introduced by the retroreflector to recover the interleaver filter's spectrum. The fold-back 50 GHz channel spacing birefringent crystal interleaver filter is fabricated to demonstrate that the spectrum distortion due to the phase shift introduced by retroreflector can be eliminated by a phase compensator.     

An ultra-narrow band eight-pole dual-mode HTS patch filter

An ultra-narrow band eight-pole dual-mode HTS patch filter was designed and fabricated. The filter is constructed by four corner-cut square patches, each of which has two resonating modes. The influence of the change of the corner-cut position on the filter response was investigated by simulations. Four small rectangle patches were added in the topology of the filter as tuning tools. By employing this unique tuning structure, the simulated filter responses and current density distributions on the patches have been greatly improved. The filter was fabricated using double sided YBCO films on a 3 in. LaAlO₃ substrate. The measured results showed satisfactory performance with center frequency 2.494 GHz, fractional bandwidth 0.2%, return loss in passband better than 16 dB, and out-of-band rejection of the filter better than 90 dB at 15 MHz away from its center frequency.     

基于薄膜滤光片的新型可重构光分插复用器

研制了一种基于窄带薄膜滤光片的可重构的光分插复用器(ROADM).它由三个单芯光纤准直器、一对三端口光环形器、一对全反射镜和一片特别设计的角度调谐窄带多腔薄膜滤光片组成.通过步进电机的推动调制角度调谐滤光片的倾斜入射角度,从而实现了可选择波长上下路.对该可重构的光分插复用器进行了实验研究,并对该器件的串扰特性进行了详细的分析与计算.实验中得到的上下路信道隔离度大于34 dB,可调谐范围大于26nm,与理论计算结构相符.该种新型的ROADM具有结构简单、可调谐范围大、隔离度高、低偏振相关损耗、成本低等特点,可广泛应用于各种密集波分复用(DWDM)光网络.     

Research on temperature characteristics of liquid crystal filter

The effect of temperature on the spectrum characteristic of the liquid crystal filter in the region of visible light was investigated theoretically and experimentally in detail. The conclusion shows that with the increasing temperature, the center wavelength of the filter will shift toward the short wavelength, and the center wavelength of the filter will shift toward long wavelength as the temperature decreases. The result of numerical simulation is in excellent agreement with the experiment result. In addition, the experiment results indicate that with the increasing temperature and reducing wavelength the transmittance of liquid crystal filter will reduce. According to the above conclusion we propose a new structure for maintaining a stable central wavelength output of the liquid crystal filter with the changing temperature, and it does not require temperature control equipment, is easy to operate, and has no need to look for special temperature coefficient birefringence, etc. This structure may find a certain application for liquid crystal filter as we believe, particularly, in the condition of different environment temperature.     

基于二维结构薄膜的偏振选择相位光栅的研究

利用二维结构薄膜构建了具有偏振选择特性的新型相位光栅,借助严格耦合波分析(RCWA)方法计算了光栅各级衍射强度随入射光波长及入射角的变化,发现在垂直入射情况下,波长600—640 nm范围内,相位光栅对横向电学(TE)模主要产生0级衍射,而对横向磁学(TM)模产生±1级衍射,在波长633nm处,0级衍射光的偏振消光比为109.8,±1级衍射光的偏振消光比为334.6.利用时域有限差分方法对这种相位光栅的偏振分束现象进行了模拟,偏振分离角在玻璃基板内可以达到10°左右,最后模拟了入射角为23°时光栅对不同偏     

Analysis of tunable codirectional vertical couplers with liquid crystal overlays for integrated dye lasers

We propose a guided-wave dye laser using a grating-assisted codirectional vertical coupler as an intracavity tunable filter. A liquid crystal overlay is designed to attain a phase-matching wavelength shift in the vertical coupler and a tunable range of over 60 nm is calculated at a center wavelength of 590 nm with a coupling efficiency of more than –1 dB. The tunable range is limited by the coupling length mismatch rather than by the refractive index variation in the liquid crystal overlay. Sidelobe level in the filter response is increased when the phase-matching wavelength is shifted to the long-wavelength side; nevertheless, the weighted coupling keeps the sidelobe-suppression ratio at more than 30 dB over a spectral span of 100 nm.     

集成光学声光可调谐波长滤波器的研制

阐述了中心波长为１．５２３μｍ的集成光学声光可调谐波长滤波器的各项理论参数、制作工艺以及性能测试。在有效声光相互作用长度１６ｍｍ、射频驱动功率３５ｍＷ时,获得了模式转换效率大于９９％、插入损耗小于－４．ｄＢ、带宽１．６ｎｍ、３ｄＢ调谐范围为１４０ｎｍ的实验结果。     

94K低温下和室温下GaN基MSM紫外光探测器性能的比较

在采用MOCVD技术生长的GaN膜上制备出MSM紫外光探测器，分别在室温下和94K低温下，测量了探测器对不同光波长的响应、同一光波长下对不同偏压的响应、不同斩波频率下的响应。结果表明，在94K下响应有了很大的改善。当光波长从360nm增加到450nm时，响应下降了3个数量级，而常温下只下降两个数量级，但探测器的时间响应常数变长了。