DECAY RATE OF SAINT-VENANT END EFFECTS FOR PLANE DEFORMATIONS OF PIEZOELECTRIC-PIEZOMAGNETIC SANDWICH STRUCTURES

This paper is concerned with the decay of Saint-Venant end effects for plane deformations of piezoelectric （PE）-piezomagnetic （PM） sandwich structures, where a PM layer is located between two PE layers with the same material properties or reversely. The end of the sandwich structure is subjected to a set of self-equilibrated magneto-electro-elastic loads. The upper and lower surfaces of the sandwich structure axe mechanically free, electrically open or shorted as well as magnetically open or shorted. Firstly the constitutive equations of PE mate- rials and PM materials for plane strain are given and normalized. Secondly, the simplified state space approach is employed to arrange the constitutive equations into differential equations in a matrix form. Finally, by using the transfer matrix method, the characteristic equations for eigen- values or decay rates axe derived. Based on the obtained characteristic equations, the decay rates for the PE-PM-PE and PM-PE-PM sandwich structures are calculated. The influences of the electromagnetic boundary conditions, material properties of PE layers and volume fraction on the decay rates are discussed in detail.     

自平衡端头载荷问题衰减率的分析与计算

给出了自平衡端头载荷问题应力衰减率分析的一种方法．用边界单元法求得了在端面自平衡载荷作用下，具有椭圆截面和矩形截面的弹性柱体内应力场的最小衰减率。计算结果表明：当椭圆截面的长短轴之比和矩形截面的长宽之比变化时，最小衰减率变化很小．     

辛体系下平面热黏弹性圣维南问题的解析解

借助积分变换,将辛体系引入平面热黏弹性问题,建立了基本问题的对偶方程,并将全 部圣维南问题归结为满足共轭辛正交关系的零本征值本征解问题. 同时,利用变量代换和本 征解展开等技术给出了一套求解边界条件问题的具体方法. 算例讨论了几种典型边界条件问 题,描述了热黏弹性材料的蠕变和松弛特征,体现了这种辛方法的有效性.     

拉伸半无限圆孔板的应力集中系数表达式

首次推出拉伸半无限圆孔板孔边最大应力集中系数的显式表达式,此式不但形式简单而且具有良好的精度,目前献中尚无类似表达式。同时指出,Jeffery给出的仅有的几个具体理论值在圆孔比较靠近直线边界时误差较大。此外,采用本新定义的应力集中系数,当圆孔非常靠近直线边界时有一个极限值。     

直梁的特征值反问题及飞机空速管的振动设计

本文根据直梁有限元模型的特点将特征方程KX=λMX中K、M矩阵表为若干结构参数的函数,即K=K(p_1,p_2,…p_m),M=M(q_1q,q_2,…q_m).从而导出以结构参数为未知量的逆特征方程,并分析了可解的条件及结构参数对特征数据的敏感性等问题.     

THE METHOD OF WEIGHTED DIFFERENCE FOR SINGULAR PERTURBATION PROBLEM

In this paper, we introduce a new difference approximation to the first order derivative u′and give a class of uniformly convergent difference schemes.     

0rr－Sommerfeld方程数值解法中的复广义矩阵特征值问题

Ｏｒｒ－Ｓｏｍｍｅｒｆｅｌｄ方程的求解通常可以化为一个复广义矩阵特征值问题ＡＸ＝ωＢＸ。本文用酉变换分别约化Ａ，Ｂ为上Ｈｅｓｓｅｎｂｅｒｇ阵和上三角阵，然后利用Ｍｕｌｌｅｒ求根方法可以求出其全部特征值，其中特征多项式的值由Ｈｙｍａｎ方法给出。当仅需要判断有无不稳定模态时，利用一个简单的矩阵变换将其化为强特征值的求解问题，从而可使用最简单的幂迭代，Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ配置点法算例表明两种算法均快速有效。     

ARNOLDI REDUCTION ALGORITHM FOR LARGE SCALE GYROSCOPIC EIGENVALUE PROBLEM

Based on Arnoldi's method, a version of generalized Arnoldi algorithm has been devel-oped for the reduction of gyroscopic eigenvalue problems. By utilizing the skew symmetry of systemmatrix, a very simple recurrence scheme, named gyroscopic Arnoldi reduction algorithm has been ob-tained, which is even simpler than the Lanczos algorithm for symmetric eigenvalue problems. Thecomplex number computation is completely avoided. A restart technique is used to enable the reductionalgorithm to have iterative characteristics. It has been found that the restart technique is not only ef-fective for the convergence of multiple eigenvalues but it also furnishes the reduction algorithm with atechnique to check and compute missed eigenvalues. By combining it with the restart technique, the al-gorithm is made practical for large-scale gyroscopic eigenvalue problems. Numerical examples are giv-en to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method proposed.     

半无限板边缘裂纹的权函数解法与评价

权函数法是求解裂纹体在任意受载条件下的应力强度因子和裂纹面位移等断裂力学参量的高效、高精度方法,与有限元等数值方法相比,在求解效率和可靠性方面均具有明显优势.针对半无限板边缘裂纹,系统分析了在国际断裂力学界较有代表性的Wu-Carlsson、Glinka-Shen和Fett-Munz三种解析形式的权函数法,进而以在远端均匀加载下的半无限板边缘裂纹面位移Wigglesworth解析解导得的权函数及其对应的格林函数解(即裂纹面受一对单位集中力作用下的应力强度因子)为基准,沿整个裂纹长度对3种权函数的精度逐点进行比较,并与文献中基于其他方法求得的权函数做了广泛对比,包括Bueckner,Hartranft-Sih以及Wigglesworth利用不同解析方法推导出的高精度的权函数.研究了3种参考载荷(均布/正反向线性分布应力、集中力)及其不同组合,以及裂纹嘴位移的几何条件对权函数精度的影响.结果表明,基于一种参考载荷下的裂纹面张开位移比基于两种参考载荷下的应力强度因子所得到的权函数具有更高的精度,而且后一种方法的精度明显受到所选参考载荷组合的影响;裂纹面位移在裂纹嘴处三阶导数等于零的条件对基于一个参考解的权函数精度的改进效果较小.最后给出了利用各种权函数方法计算得到的4种载荷条件下的应力强度因子,并对结果进行了比较.     

区域脉冲载荷下二维Lamb问题的精确求解

采用积分变换方法,并利用两类积分公式克服反变换求解的困难,求得了区域脉冲载荷下一个二维Lamb问题的代数形式的精确解.基于该分段函数形式的代数结果,纵波、横波、Rayleigh曲波等应力波成分在弹性表面的激发和传播过程得到详尽分析,其中很多结论是已有的解析积分结果或者数值计算结果不曾得到的.     

EXACT SOLUTION FOR A TWO-DIMENSIONAL LAMB'S PROBLEM DUE TO A STRIP IMPULSE LOADING

By applying the integral transform method and the inverse transformation technique based upon the two types of integration,the present paper has successfully obtained an exact algebraic solution for a two-dimensional Lamb's problem due to a strip impulse loading for the first time.With the algebraic result,the excitation and propagation processes of stress waves, including the longitudinal wave,the transverse wave,and Rayleigh-wave,are discussed in detail. A few new conclusions have been drawn from currently available integral results or computational results.     

EXACT SOLUTION FOR A TWO-DIMENSIONAL LAMB＇S PROBLEM DUE TO A STRIP IMPULSE LOADING

By applying the integral transform method and the inverse transformation technique based upon the two types of integration, the present paper has successfully obtained an exact algebraic solution for a two-dimensional Lamb＇s problem due to a strip impulse loading for the first time. With the algebraic result, the excitation and propagation processes of stress waves, including the longitudinal wave, the transverse wave, and Rayleigh-wave, are discussed in detail. A few new conclusions have been drawn from currently available integral results or computational results.     

狭长体中非对称快速传播裂纹的分析解

用复变函数方法得到了弹性狭长体中含有一非对称半元限裂纹的动力学问题的分析解，当裂纹速度Ｖ→０时，此动力学的解可还原静力学的解，该问题Ｉ型与ＩＩ型静态与动态应力强度因子ＫＩ，ＫＩＩ得以确定，并且具有解析的形式。     

多层地基条带基础动力刚度矩阵的精细积分算法

提出应用精细积分算法计算多层地基的动力刚度问题. 精细积分是计算层状介质中波传播的高效而精确的数值方法. 利用傅里叶积分变换将层状地基的波动方程转换为频率-波数域内的两点边值问题的常微分方程组, 运用精细积分方法求解格林函数, 最后再将得到的频率-波数域内地基表面的动力刚度矩阵转换到频率-空间域内, 进而得到刚性条带基础频率域的动力柔度或刚度矩阵. 所建议的精细积分算法, 可以避免一般传递矩阵计算中的指数溢出问题, 对各种情况有广泛的适应性, 计算稳定, 在高频段可以保障收敛性, 并能达到较高的计算精度.      

薄板分析的一种离散条法

建立薄板分析的一种离散条法，该方法通过引入满足边界条件的正交形函数，将目前用于梁，杆等一维结构的系统的离散元法扩展应用于薄板的力学分析。     

相同子结构串的本征对问题及展开解法

本文讲述了串连式子结构的分析计算方法,它相当于结构分析中按横截面展开的方法。文中讲述了移位不变法以及初参数与传递矩阵法两个方面,并指明了两种方法的联合运用及相互关系,截面上本征值问题的计算以及按本征向量展开等问题。     

竖向线荷载和条形均布荷载作用在地基内部时的土中应力公式

建筑物基础一般都是在地基中有一定深度的,而目前土中应力计算所常依据的布西奈斯克解却是假定荷载作用在地表面导出的,这与实际情况有很大的出入。本文以半无限体内受竖向集中力作用的明德林公式为根据,通过积分而首次完整地推导出竖向线荷载和条形均布荷载作用在地基内部时的土中应力分量的解析表达式,以便于工程设计人员在设计计算时使用。     

热液体动力扭带清洗动力学及其工程应用

为了解决传统扭带存在自转动力矩弱和传热强化幅度低的问题,研究入口反旋斜齿扭带的动力学理论,方法是将总动力矩分解为虚拟的光滑扭带动力矩和虚拟光滑扭带下的螺旋液流对斜齿的冲推力矩之和,运用动量矩定理分析建立了动力矩计算式．以此式指导结构优化和工程应用,使自转动力矩和传热系数均比传统扭带有了成倍提高,设备总阻力仍然在工程许可范围内,成为可以广泛应用于较低流速下自动清洗防垢与高效强化传热的新元件．     

各向同性率无关材料本构关系的不变性表示

在内变量理论的框架下,针对各向同性率无关材料,使用张量函数表示理论建立了塑性应变全量及增量本构关系的最一般的张量不变性表示. 它们均由3个完备不可约的基张量组合构成,这3个基张量分别是应力的零次幂、一次幂和二次幂. 因此得出,塑性应变、塑性应变增量与应力三者共主轴. 通过对基张量的正交化,给出了本构关系式在主应力空间中的几何解释. 进一步,全量(或增量)本构关系中3个组合因子被表达为应力、塑性应变(或塑性应变增量)的不变量的函数. 当塑性应变(或塑性应变增量)的3个不变量之间满足一定关系时,所给出的本构关系将退化为经典的形变理论(或塑性势理论).最后,还讨论它与奇异屈服面理论的关系,当满足一定条件时,两者是一致的.      

FRACTURE ANALYSIS OF A FUNCTIONALLY GRADED STRIP UNDER PLANE DEFORMATION

In this paper the plane elasticity problem for a functionally graded strip containing a crack is considered. It is assumed that the reciprocal of the shear modulus is a linear function of the thickness-coordinate, while the Possion's ratio keeps constant. By utilizing the Fourier transformation technique and the transfer matrix method, the mixed boundary problem is reduced to a system of singular integral equations that are solved numerically. The influences of the geometric parameters and the graded parameter on the stress intensity factors and the strain energy release rate are investigated. The numerical results show that the graded parameters, the thickness of the strip and the crack size have significant effects on the stress intensity factors and the strain energy release rate.