Leptogenesis and CPT violation

We construct a model in which neutrinos and anti-neutrinos acquire the same mass but slightly different energy dispersion relations. Despite CPT violation, spin-statistics is preserved. We find that leptogenesis can be easily explained within this model, without upsetting the solar, atmospheric and reactor neutrino data. Leptogenesis occurs without lepton-number violation and the non-equilibrium condition. We consider only three active Dirac neutrinos, and no new particles or symmetries are introduced.     

CPT violation implies violation of Lorentz invariance

A interacting theory that violates CPT invariance necessarily violates Lorentz invariance. On the other hand, CPT invariance is not sufficient for out-of-cone Lorentz invariance. Theories that violate CPT by having different particle and antiparticle masses must be nonlocal.     

New limit on CPT violation

A search for antiproton decay has been made at the Fermilab Antiproton Accumulator. Limits are placed on fifteen antiproton decay modes. The results are used to place limits on the characteristic mass scale m(X) that could be associated with CPT violation accompanied by baryon number violation.     

Neutrino astrophysics and SN 1987 A(*)(**)

Summary In this paper we summarize the Mont Blanc observation of the Large Magellanic Cloud supernova, exploded on February 23, 1987. The problem of two bursts, recorded in different underground detectors and separated in time by 4.7 hours, is also discussed. Since the different observations are not contradictory from the experimental point of view, some changements are required in the current predictions of the theoretical models of a gravitational stellar collapse in order to fit all the experimental data. Finally, the combined analysis of the data, recorded in all the neutrino and gravitational wave detectors running at the time of the supernova, clearly indicates a long duration of the phenomenon. Thus, any serious (even if difficult) tentative to explain how a star ends its life as a supernova should be based on all the experimental data available, recorded in different, independent experiments running at intercontinental distances at the time of supernova 1987 A. To speed up publication, the proofs were not sent to the authors and were supervised by the Scientific Committee.     

CPT violation and particle-antiparticle asymmetry in cosmology

General features of generation of the cosmological charge asymmetry in CPT noninvariant world are discussed. If the effects of CPT violationmanifest themselves only inmass differences of particles and antiparticles, the baryon asymmetry of the Universe hardly can be explained solely by breaking of CPT invariance. However, CPT noninvariant theories may lead to a new effect of distorting the usual equilibrium distributions. If this takes place, CPT violation may explain the baryon asymmetry of the Universe.     

Majoron couplings to neutrinos and SN1987A

We use well established data on SN1987A to restrict the coupling g_ee of the majoron to electronic neutrinos in the Gelmini-Roncadelli model. We exclude values from 10⁻⁴ down to 3×10⁻⁶. This range is complementary to the expected laboratory limits from next-round experiments, g_ee⩽10⁻⁴. If this laboratory bound is reached, we may place the stringent limit g_ee ⩽3 ×10 ⁻⁶ on the majoron coupling.     

SN1987A; n-stars, s-stars and the observational evidences

Summary We discuss a SN model with s-matter in the core, compatible with the set of experimental results obtained on SN 1987A by ν-detectors and gravitational antennas.     

About neutrino signals from SN 1987A

Summary The properties of neutrino signals from SN 1987A are unexpected, namely, two pulses occurred with a 4 h 43 min interval and the total energy carried away by neutrinos is too high (E ₅₄≥3) for either of the pulses,i.e. an order as high as the maximum value ensuing from the neutron star mass defect. If the function of neutrino energy distribution is assumed to be equilibrium and of Fermi form, the data obtained from different equipments are in a poor agreement with each other. The general relativity and the geometry as a whole were used earlier to demonstrate that, in case of a sufficiently high mass when any equilibrium static solution is absent, there exists a dynamic oscillatory solution, namely, matter moves periodically to under the gravitational radius and emerges from under the latter to enter the same physical space. The mass defect for the dynamic configuration is 60%, thereby eliminating all the troubles involved by energy considerations. A feasible scenario of the SN 1987A explosion is discussed considering the function of neutrino energy distribution to differ from an equilibrium function.

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Riassunto Le proprietà dei segnali neutrinici dalla SN 1987A sono impreviste, cioè due impulsi si sono verificati con un intervallo di 4 h 43 min e l'energia totale portata via dai neutrini è troppo elevata (E ₅₄≥3) per ciascuno degli impulsi, cioè è dello stesso ordine del valore massimo che deriva dal difetto di massa della stella di neutroni. Se la funzione della distribuzione dell'energia dei neutrini è ipotizzata in equilibrio e della forma di Fermi, i dati ottenuti con diverse apparecchiature sono in scarso accordo tra loro. La relatività generale e la geometria nel complesso sono state usate precedentemente per dimostrare che, nel caso di una massa sufficientemente grande, quando manca una soluzione di equilibrio statico, esiste una soluzione oscillatoria dinamica, cioè la materia si muove periodicamente fino a sotto il raggio gravitazionale e emerge da sotto quest'ultimo per entrare nello stesso spazio fisico. Il diffetto di massa per la configurazione dinamica è il 60%, eliminando perciò tutti i problemi che le considerazioni sull'energia implicano. Si discute uno scenario fattibile dell'esplosione della SN 1987A assumendo che la funzione di distribuzione dell'energia neutrinica differisca dalla funzione di equilibrio.

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Резюме Свойства нейтринных сигналов от SN 1987A неожиданны: были два имульса с интервалом 4 h 43 min: полная энергия, унесенная нейтрино, слишком велика (E ₅₄>3 для каждого из импульсов, что на порядок превышает максимальное значение, вытекающее из дефекта массы нейтронной звезды. Если предположить, что функция распределения нейтрино по энергии равновесная фермиевская, то данные установок плохо согласуются между собой. Ранее, строго в рамках общей теории относительности и геометрии в целом, было показано, что при достаточно большой массе, когда не существует равновесного статического решения, есть динамическое колебательное решение-материя периодически заходит под гравиатционный радиус и выходит из под него в тоже самое физическое пространство. Дефект массы для динамической конфигурации равен 60%, что снимает все трудности с энергетикой. Обсуждается возможный сценарий взрыва SN 1987A, при этои функция распределения нейтрино по энергии отличается от равновесной.