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1.
The self-diffusion (D0) and isotope diffusion (D*) coefficients of oxygen in YBa2Cu3O6+x are calculated as functions of the temperature (600–1200 K) and the oxygen content (0<x<1). The Monte Carlo simulation is performed with due regard for both the interaction of oxygen ions at lattice sites in the basal planes of YBa2Cu3O6+x and the interaction between a jumping ion at a saddle point and the environment. Equilibrium thermodynamic characteristics (including the phase diagram and the heat capacity) are calculated in terms of the Hamiltonian of interaction between oxygen ions at the lattice sites. It is found that an increase in the oxygen content leads to a decrease in the diffusion coefficients D0 and D*, an increase in the effective activation energies for diffusion by 0.3–0.5 eV, and a decrease in the Haven ratio from 1 to ~0.5.  相似文献   

2.
The behavior of the low-temperature specific heat C(T) for YBa2Cu3O6 + x single crystals with the doping level corresponding to the normal phase has been studied by the relaxation technique at different values of the applied magnetic field. It has been found that the C(T)/T plot exhibits such an anomaly as a steep increase with decreasing temperature from T about 4 K down to T ≤ 2 K (the minimum temperature value accessible in the experiment). The applied magnetic field as high as 9 T inverts this anomaly and leads to a sharp drop in C(T)/T during cooling within the same temperature range. A model involving the Schottky-type centers formulated in this work and the data on spin correlation functions has allowed us to calculate the temperature dependence of the specific heat, which fits the experimental curves quite well.  相似文献   

3.
The effect of low-temperature annealing on the magnetization curve of YBa2Cu3O6 + x ceramics in the superconducting state (x ≈ 0.9) is investigated. When the annealing time is fairly long, the field dependence of magnetic moment M exhibits a feature in the form of a plateau, where the value of M remains almost constant. The evolution of this feature in the magnetization curves of annealed samples with annealing time and temperature is studied. It is assumed that low-temperature annealing gives rise to metastable ferromagnetic clusters in YBa2Cu3O6 + x ceramics, the contribution of which to the magnetic moment accounts for the feature in the magnetization curves of the annealed samples.  相似文献   

4.
The optical properties of GeO x film and GeO x /SiO2 multilayer heterostructures (with thickness of GeO x layers down to 1 nm) were studied with the use of Raman scattering and infrared spectroscopy, ellipsometry and photoluminescence spectroscopy including temperature dependence of photoluminescence. The observed photoluminescence is related to defect (dangling bonds) in GeO x and interface defects for the case of GeO x /SiO2 multilayer heterostructures. From analysis of temperature dependence of photoluminescence intensity, it was found that rate of nonradiative transitions in GeO x film has Berthelot type, but anomalous deviations from Berthelot type temperature dependence were observed in temperature dependences of photoluminescence intensities for GeO x /SiO2 multilayer heterostructures.  相似文献   

5.
A comparative analysis of the results of the X-ray and Mösbauer studies of the high-temperature superconductor (HTSC) YBa2Cu3O y and YBa2Cu3 ? x 57Fe x O y (x = 0.015, T c ≈ 91.5 K) samples with different average grain sizes <D> in the micron and submicron ranges has been performed. The regularities in the change in the lattice parameter c and in the degree of occupation of different oxygen sites in the CuOδ chain planes taking place at the decrease in <D> have been studied. The quantitative interrelation between the parameter c and the oxygen content δ in the CuOδ planes exceeding the amount of the mobile oxygen due to the interplane oxygen redistribution is established.  相似文献   

6.
The magnetization of the fine-grained high-temperature superconductor (HTSC) YBa2Cu3O y is experimentally investigated at T < T c . A distinctive feature of this material is the increased oxygen content in CuOδ planes. The magnetization decrease with an increase in δ is revealed. This correlation indicates that during interplane oxygen redistribution, which is characteristic of fine-grained samples, the oxygen content in the chain planes increases due to its reduction in the superconducting CuO2 planes.  相似文献   

7.
The hierarchical structure of fermion masses of the Standard Model is explained in split fermion models by localizing the fermions at different points in an extra dimension. We consider split fermion models with two bulk scalars compactified on an orbifold. In the static case we find analytical expression for the localizer. We also address the issue of stability of the localizer. We also find exact solutions for the fermion zero modes. We explore the parameter space of the model. We find ample opportunity for construction of phenomenologically viable theories exist.  相似文献   

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9.
Abstract—The interaction of YBa2Cu3Oy (123) with water vapor at temperatures T ≤ 150° has been studied. It has been shown that, with an increase in temperature, the mechanism of its interaction with water changes. Near room temperature, the main process is hydrolytic decomposition. At T ~ 100°C, the absorption of water is significantly reduced, because the role of hydrolysis becomes less important and water penetrates the structure weakly and is incorporated into oxygen vacancies mainly in the form of OH–-groups, which leads to the transition of YBa2Cu3Oy from the tetragonal to orthorhombic phase. With an increase in temperature to 150°C, the absorption of water increases again. In this case, the main mechanism is the penetration of water to the 123 structure, which leads to splitting of Cu–O chains and a phase transition from the 123 to pseudo-124 structure. The role of different mechanisms of interaction with water essentially depends on the oxygen content in the 123 structure. At a low oxygen index (y = 6.3), the role of hydrolysis is more important, and, at y ≥ 6.5, the incorporation of water into the structure prevails. It has been revealed that, at T = 150°C, after absorption of water, YBa2Cu3O6.96 becomes a proton conductor.  相似文献   

10.
The energy dependence of the Cronin momentum for p + A and A + A collisions in the saturation model are calculated. This dependence is consistent with simple dimensional considerations and can be used to test the validity of the saturation model. It gives the possibility to distinguish the different variants of the saturation model with precise experimental data and to measure the x dependence of the saturation momentum.  相似文献   

11.
We have studied, through ab initio calculations, the stability of 60° and 120° boron nitride nanocones containing mono and multiple boron, nitrogen, and carbon vacancies. The stability of the vacancies as well as the structures reconstruction mechanism have been investigated. Our results indicate that the stability of the cones presenting such vacancies strongly depends on growth conditions. We have also found that multiple vacancies display formation energies that are comparable, and in some cases, even lower to the ones presented by monovacancies. Therefore, our results allow us to conclude that the formation energy does not depend on the vacancy size. Finally, for 120° cones, we can verify that the stability of the boron and nitrogen vacancies depends on the position where the atom has been removed.  相似文献   

12.
LSDA + U + SO calculations of the electronic structure of helicoidal Fe1 - xCo x Si ferromagnets within the virtual crystal approximation have been supplemented with the consideration of the Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interaction and ferromagnetic fluctuations of the spin density of collective d electrons with the Hubbard interactions at Fe and Co atoms randomly distributed over sites. The magnetic-state equation in the developed model describes helicoidal ferromagnetism and its disappearance accompanied by the occurrence of a maximum of uniform magnetic susceptibility at temperature T C and chiral fluctuations of the local magnetization at T > T C . The reasons why the magnetic contribution to the specific heat at the magnetic phase transition changes monotonically and the volume coefficient of thermal expansion (VCTE) at low temperatures is negative and has a wide minimum near T C have been investigated. It is shown that the VCTE changes sign when passing to the paramagnetic state (at temperature T S ).  相似文献   

13.
Tm x Cu3V4O12, a perovskite-like oxide (space group, Im-3; Z = 2; a = 7.279–7.293 Å) containing vacancies in its cationic sublattice, was obtained barothermally (P = 7.0–9.0 GPa, t = 1000–1100°C) for the first time. The temperature dependences on the electrical resistivity (10–300 K) and the magnetic susceptibility (0–300 K) were investigated. It was shown that the oxide Tm x Cu3V4O12 is characterized by metal-type conductivity and paramagnetic properties.  相似文献   

14.
The structural and elastic characteristics of YBaCo4O7 + x (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) cobaltites synthesized by various technologies and having various excess oxygen contents x are experimentally studied. The distortion of the crystal structure in stoichiometric samples is found to remove frustrations and to bring about a longrange magnetic order in the cobalt subsystem, which is accompanied by well-pronounced anomalies in the elastic properties in the temperature range of a magnetic phase transition TN. At a weak deviation from oxygen stoichiometry, the structure distortion disappears, frustrations are retained, and the further development of a long-range magnetic order is hindered. As a result of an absent long-range magnetic order, the anomalies of the elastic characteristics at TN smooth rapidly and disappear. This finding points to the suppression of structural and magnetic transitions in nonstoichiometric samples and to the conservation of only short-range correlations of order parameter. It is found that nonstoichiometric samples can be separated into two phases depending on the ceramic synthesis conditions.  相似文献   

15.
Zero-dimensional nanocrystals, as obtained by chemical synthesis, offer a broad range of applications, as their spectrum and thus their excitation gap can be tailored by variation of their size. Additionally, nanocrystals of the type A x B1- x C can be realized by alloying of two pure compound semiconductor materials AC and BC, which allows for a continuous tuning of their absorption and emission spectrum with the concentration x. We use the single-particle energies and wave functions calculated from a multiband sp 3 empirical tight-binding model in combination with the configuration interaction scheme to calculate the optical properties of Cd x Zn1- x Se nanocrystals with a spherical shape. In contrast to common mean-field approaches like the virtual crystal approximation (VCA), we treat the disorder on a microscopic level by taking into account a finite number of realizations for each size and concentration. We then compare the results for the optical properties with recent experimental data and calculate the optical bowing coefficient for further sizes.  相似文献   

16.
The magnetorefractive effect in Fe(t x , Å)/Cr(10 Å) samples grown by molecular-beam epitaxy with a variable thickness of the iron layer (superlattices, cluster-layered nanostructures) has been studied in the IR region (λ = 2–13 µm) in s and p polarizations of light. The magnetoresistive effect in a dc magnetic field, H ≤ 32 kOe, has been measured on the same samples. The iron layer thickness required for the magnetorefractive response to appear has been found to be t Fe ≥ 3 Å. The correlation between the magnitude of the magnetorefractive effect in the mid-IR region and magnetoresistance has been discussed.  相似文献   

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19.
In this work, we have successfully synthesized the S/N dual-doped carbon nanosheets which are strongly coupled with Co x O y nanoparticles (SNCC) by calcinating cobalt/dithizone complex precursor following KOH activation. The SNCC as anode shows the wonderful charge capacity of 1200 mAh g?1 after 400th cycles at 1000 mA g?1 for Li-ion storage. The superior electrochemical properties illustrate that the SNCC can be a candidate for high-performance anode material of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of the facile preparation method and excellent performance. Significantly, we also discuss the mechanism for the SNCC from the strong synergistic effect perspective.  相似文献   

20.
The magnetic susceptibility of the normal-state YBa2Cu3O y high-temperature superconductor has been experimentally investigated as a function of the degree of structural disorder by the example of a series of fine-grained samples. Different coexisting contributions have been revealed and their origin was investigated. A correlation between the changes in the structural parameters and the magnitudes of these contributions to the magnetic susceptibility is established.  相似文献   

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