The kernels of irreducible representations of the general linear group

A derivation for the kernel of the irreducible representation T_(λ) of the general linear group GL_n(C) is given. This is then applied to the problem of determining necessary and sufficient conditions under which T_(λ)(A) = T_(λ)(B), where A and B are linear transformations, not necessarily invertible. Finally, conditions are obtained under which normality of T_(λ)(A) implies normality of A.     

Incidence matrices, geometrical bases, combinatorial prebases and matroids

For a relation A (C × D), where C,D are two finite sets, and an ordering σ of C we construct a matroid M(σ) on the set D. For the relation A with the incidence matrix  we also define a geometrical basis with respect to F, where F is a subset of the set of all circuits of the column matroid on Â. Geometrical bases are certain bases of this column matroid. We establish connections between the bases of matroids M(σ) and the geometrical bases of A with respect to F. These connections give a combinatorial way of constructing bases of the column matroid on  using a subset F of its circuits.

We also consider a matroid M and the incidence relation between what we call the extended circuits of M and the bases of M. Applying the technique above we obtain the matroids M(σ) on the set of bases of the matroid M. In case of the incidence relation between vertices and edges of a graph this technique yields a unique matroid, the usual matroid of the graph.

Some particular relations are considered: a class of relations with a certain property (the T-property) and the relation of inclusion of chambers in simplices in an affine point configuration.     

Moore-penrose inverse of the incidence matrix of a tree

Let T be a tree with n vertices, where each edge is given an orientation, and let Q be its vertex-edge incidence matrix. It is shown that the Moore-Penrose inverse of Q is the (n-1)× n matrix M obtained as follows. The rows and the columns of M are indexed by the edges and the vertices of T respectively. If e,ν are an edge and a vertex of T respectively, then the (e,ν)-entry of M is, upto a sign, the number of vertices in the connected component of T\e which does not contain ν. Furthermore, the sign of the entry is positive or negative, depending on whether e is oriented away from or towards ν. This result is then used to obtain an expression for the Moore-Penrose inverse of the incidence matrix of an arbitrary directed graph. A recent result due to Moon is also derived as a consequence.     

Triangles in 3-connected matroids

A collection F of 3-connected matroids is triangle-rounded if, whenever M is a 3-connected matroid having a minor in F, and T is a 3-element circuit of M, then M has a minor which uses T and is isomorphic to a member of F. An efficient theorem for testing a collection of matroids for this property is presented. This test is used to obtain several results including the following extension of a result of Asano, Nishizeki, and Seymour. Let T be a 3-element circuit of a 3-connected binary nonregular matroid M with at least eight elements. Then M has a minor using T that is isomorphic to S₈ or the generalized parallel connection across T of F₇ and M(K₄).     

Quantum symmetric spaces

Let G be a semisimple Lie group, g its Lie algebra. For any symmetric space M over G we construct a new (deformed) multiplication in the space A of smooth functions on M. This multiplication is invariant under the action of the Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum group U_hg and is commutative with respect to an involutive operator . Such a multiplication is unique. Let M be a kählerian symmetric space with the canonical Poisson structure. Then we construct a U_hg-invariant multiplication in A which depends on two parameters and is a quantization of that structure.     

The construction of irreducible normalized representations of the general linear group

A method is described for constructing in an explicit form an irreducible representation T of M_n(F), the set of all n × n matrices over the real or complex field F, satisfying the condition T(A^*)=T^*(A) for all A∈M_n(F).     

An edge version of the matrix-tree theorem and the wiener index

Let T be a tree on n vertices. The Laplacian matrix is L(T)=D(T)-A(T), where D(T) is the diagonal matrix of vertex degrees and A(T) is the adjacency matrix. A special case of the Matrix-Tree Theorem is that the adjugate of L(T) is the n-by-n matrix of l's. The (n-l)-square "edge version" of L(T)is K(T). The main result is a graph-theoretic interpretation of the entries of the adjugate of K(T). As an application, it is shown that the Wiener Index from chemistry is the trace of this adjugate.     

A matrix problem associated with computing Cohen-Macaulay type

Suppose A∈M_n×m(F), B∈M_n×t(F) for some field F. Define Г(AB) to be the set of n×n diagonal matrices D such that the column space of DA is contained in the column space of B. In this paper we determine dim Г(AB). For matrices AB of the same rank we provide an algorithm for computing dim Г(AB).     

A note on the relation between the determinant and the permanent

In this note we prove that there is no linear mapping T on the space of n-square symmetric matrices over any subfield of real field such that the determinant of A is equal to the permanent of T(A) for all symmetric matrices A if n≥3.     

Additive Maps Preserving Nilpotent Perturbation of Scalars

Let X be a Banach space over F(= R or C) with dimension greater than 2. Let N(X) be the set of all nilpotent operators and B_0(X) the set spanned by N(X). We give a structure result to the additive maps on FI + B_0(X) that preserve rank-1 perturbation of scalars in both directions. Based on it, a characterization of surjective additive maps on FI + B_0(X) that preserve nilpotent perturbation of scalars in both directions are obtained. Such a map Φ has the form either Φ(T) = cAT A~(-1)+ φ(T)I for all T ∈ FI + B_0(X) or Φ(T) = cAT*A~(-1)+ φ(T)I for all T ∈ FI + B_0(X), where c is a nonzero scalar,A is a τ-linear bijective transformation for some automorphism τ of F and φ is an additive functional.In addition, if dim X = ∞, then A is in fact a linear or conjugate linear invertible bounded operator.     

Linear operators preserving unitarily invariant norms of matrices

Let F_{m × n} be the set of all m × n matrices over the field F = C or R Denote by U_n(F) the group of all n × n unitary or orthogonal matrices according as F = C or F-R. A norm N() on Fm ×n, is unitarily invariant if N(UAV) = N(A): for all A ∈ F _m×n U ∈ U_m(F). and V ∈ U_n(F). We characterize those linear operators TF_{m × n} → F_{m × n}which satisfy N (T(A)) = N(A)for all A ∈ F_{m × n}

for a given unitarily invariant norm N(). It is shown that the problem is equivalent to characterizing those operators which preserve certain subsets in F_{m × n} To develop the theory we prove some results concerning unitary operators on F_{m × n} which are of independent interest.     

π-Armendariz rings relative to a monoid

Let Mbe a monoid. A ring Ris called M-π-Armendariz if whenever α = a₁g₁+ a₂g₂+ · · · + a_ng_n, β = b₁h₁+ b₂h₂+ · · · + b_mh_m ∈ R[M] satisfy αβ ∈ nil(R[M]), then aibj ∈ nil(R) for all i, j. A ring R is called weakly 2-primal if the set of nilpotent elements in R coincides with its Levitzki radical. In this paper, we consider some extensions of M-π-Armendariz rings and further investigate their properties under the condition that R is weakly 2-primal. We prove that if R is an M-π-Armendariz ring then nil(R[M]) = nil(R)[M]. Moreover, we study the relationship between the weak zip-property (resp., weak APP-property, nilpotent p.p.-property, weak associated prime property) of a ring R and that of the monoid ring R[M] in case R is M-π-Armendariz.     

Linear associative algebras with finitely many idempotents

Let A be a linear (i.e., finite-dimensional) associative algebra with unity defined over K, an algebraically closed field. Then A with respect to its multiplication is an algebraic monoid over k, denoted by A_M, and with respect to the the bracket forms a Lie algebra over K, denoted by A_L. The following theorem is established A_M is nilpotent as an algebraic monoid (equivalentlyA_L is so as a Lie algebra) if and only if the set of idempotents of A is finite if and only if all irreducible closed submonoids of codimension 1 are nilpotent.     

On the fourth power moment of Fourier coefficients of cusp form

Let a(n)be the Fourier coefficients of a holomorphic cusp form of weightκ=2n≥12 for the full modular group and A(x)=∑_(n≤x)a(n).In this paper,we establish an asymptotic formula of the fourth power moment of A(x)and prove that ∫T1A~4(x)dx=3/(64κπ~4)s_4;2()T~(2κ)+O(T~(2κ-δ_4+ε))with δ_4=1/8,which improves the previous result.     

具有学习效应的两台机上最优混合流水作业算法

研究相同工件在两台机器（分别称为机器M₁和M₂）上的混合流水作业问题,每个给定工件有两个任务,分别称之为任务A和任务B,任务B只能在任务A完工后才能开始加工,每个工件有两种加工模式供选择：模式1是将两个任务都安排在机器M₂上加工;模式2是将任务A和B分别安排在机器M₁和M₂上加工.假设在加工工件时,机器具有学习效应,即工件的实际加工时间与工件的加工位置有关.目标函数是最小化最大完工时间.分别讨论了具有无缓冲区与无限缓冲区两种加工环境情况,两种情况下都得到了最优算法.     

Combinatorial bases, derived jordan sets and the equality of the height and level characteristics of an M-matrix

We continue our series of papers on the graph theoretic spectral theory of matrices. Let A be an M-matrix. We introduce the concepts of combinatorial vectors and proper combinatorial vectors in the generalized nullspace E(A) of A. We explore the properties of combinatorial bases for E(A) and Jordan bases for E(A) derived from proper combinatorial sets of vectors. We use properties of these bases to prove additional new conditions for the equality of the (spectral) height (or Weyr) characteristic and the (graph theoretic) level characteristic of A. We and DMS-also explore the role of the Hall Marriage Condition, well structured graphs and their anchored chain decompositions in the study of the equality of the two characteristics.     

M-matrix products having positive principal minors

Sufficient conditions are given for powers and products of M-matrices to have all principal minors positive. Several of these conditions involve directed graphs of the matrices. In particular we show that if A and B are irreducible M-matrices which have longest simple circuit of length two with A+B having no simple circuit longer than three, then the product AB has all principal minors positive.     

Linear mappings which are rank-k nonincreasing, II

We prove the following result. Let F be an infinite field of characteristic other than two. Let k be a positive integer. Let S_n(F) denote the space of all n × n symmetric matrices with entries in F, and let T:S_n(F)→S_n(F) be a linear operator. Suppose that T is rank-k nonincreasing and its image contains a matrix with rank higher than K. Then, there exist λεF and PεF^n,n such that T(A)=λPAP^t for all AεS_n(F). λ can be chosen to be 1 if F is algebraically closed and ±1 if F=R, the real field.     

The Drinfel'd double versus the Heisenberg double for an algebraic quantum group

Let A be a regular multiplier Hopf algebra with integrals. The dual of A, denoted by Â, is a multiplier Hopf algebra so that Â,A is a pairing of multiplier Hopf algebras. We consider the Drinfel'd double, D=ÂA^cop, associated to this pair. We prove that D is a quasitriangular multiplier Hopf algebra. More precisely, we show that the pair Â,A has a “canonical multiplier” WM(ÂA). The image of W in M(DD) is a generalized R-matrix for D. We use this image of W to deform the product of the dual multiplier Hopf algebra via the right action of D on which defines the pair . As expected from the finite-dimensional case, we find that the deformation of the product in is related to the Heisenberg double A#Â.     

An inequality for M-matrices

If AB are n × n M matrices with dominant principal diagonal, we show that 3[det(A + B)]^1/n ≥ (det A)^1/n + (det B)^1/n.