锰氧化物相竞争的理论研究

锰氧化物属于典型的强关联电子材料,具有包括庞磁电阻、电荷/轨道有序、电子相分离、多铁性等奇特的物理特性。这些现象涉及一系列凝聚态物理学基本问题,是近年来研究者一直关注的热点和难点。并且这些奇异的电磁性质也为开发量子调控器件提供了基本素材。虽然近20年来对锰氧化物的研究取得了丰硕成果,全世界的研究者仍在为理解并应用其特性作着孜孜不倦的努力。本综述将主要从理论角度,重点关注钙钛矿结构锰氧化物中多种相竞争和调制。由于有着多种竞争相互作用和多重量子自由度,锰氧化物有着丰富的相,这些相物理特性迥异,而自由能却可能相当接近。因此,自发或人为调制导致的相竞争是锰氧化物研究的一个核心问题,也是整个强关联物理领域中一个很有意义的课题。本综述将以电致电阻、多铁性和异质结界面处电子重组这三个具体实例,介绍如何采用蒙特卡罗模拟等方法研究其中的相竞争和调制。     

稀土掺杂锰氧化物庞磁电阻效应

过去十多年来,具有庞磁电阻效应的稀土掺杂锰氧化物成为了凝聚态物理研究的重要领域。锰氧化物的载流子自旋极化率高,且在居里温度附近表现出很大的磁电阻效应,因此在自旋电子学中有潜在的应用前景。另一方面,锰氧化物是典型的强关联电子体系,它对目前有关强关联体系的认识提出了很大挑战。本文综述了锰氧化物的各种性质及其物理原因。全文首先概述了锰氧化物的庞磁电阻效应及其晶格和电子结构,简单介绍了其他一些庞磁电阻材料;随后综述了锰氧化物的电荷/轨道有序相及其输运性质;在第四部分简单介绍了锰氧化物中庞磁电阻效应的机制;最后讨论了锰氧化物的一些可能的应用,如低场磁电阻效应、磁隧道结、磁p＿n结以及全钙钛矿的场效应管和自旋极化电子注入装置等。     

钙钛矿结构La0.9Sb0.1MnO3的庞磁电阻性质

一种新的钙钛矿结构的庞磁电阻氧化物La_0.9Sb_0.1MnO₃已用固态反应方法制 成，通过超导量子干涉器件(SQUID)装置测量研究了它的电输运性质和磁性质.x射线光电子 能谱分析证明，该氧化物中Sb的价态是+5价，因此该氧化物是一种新的电子掺杂型庞磁电阻 材料. 关键词： 钙钛矿结构 0.9Sb_0.1MnO₃')" href="#">La_0.9Sb_0.1MnO₃ 电子掺杂 庞磁电阻     

稀土掺杂锰氧化物庞磁电阻效应

过去十多年来，具有庞磁电阻效应的稀土掺杂锰氧化物成为了凝聚态物理研究的重要领域。锰氧化物的载流子自旋极化率高，且在居里温度附近表现出很大的磁电阻效应，因此在自旋电子学中有潜在的应用前景。另一方面，锰氧化物是典型的强关联电子体系，它对目前有关强关联体系的认识提出了很大挑战。本文综述了锰氧化物的各种性质及其物理原因。全文首先概述了锰氧化物的庞磁电阻效应及其晶格和电子结构，简单介绍了其他一些庞磁电阻材料；随后综述了锰氧化物的电荷／轨道有序相及其输运性质；在第四部分简单介绍了锰氧化物中庞磁电阻效应的机制；最后讨论了锰氧化物的一些可能的应用，如低场磁电阻效应、磁隧道结、磁p-n结以及全钙钛矿的场效应管和自旋极化电子注入装置等。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物La1－xTexMnO3(x=0.04, 0.1)的两类磁电阻现象

La1-xTexMnO3(x=004,01)是一种具有钙钛矿结构的电子掺杂型锰氧化物.实验结果表明：在这种锰氧化物中同时存在庞磁阻（CMR）效应和低场磁电阻（LFMR）效应.在整个实验温度范围（5—300K），LFMR随温度升高而发生了如下变化：出现—消失—出现，在LFMR消失的温区又恰好能观察到明显的CMR.对其原因给予了解释. 关键词： 庞磁电阻 低场磁电阻 La-Te-Mn-O     

Ce 基重费米子材料的电子态研究与维度调控

重费米子材料作为一类典型的强关联电子体系,蕴含着非常规超导、奇异金属、量子临界、 磁有序、重电子态、关联拓扑态等新奇的量子态,而4f 电子在其中扮演着重要的作用。随着高分 辨角分辨光电子能谱和薄膜生长技术的发展,精确探测重费米子材料中4f 电子在能量/动量空间 的色散和谱权重成为了可能,这为从微观上理解这类材料中的电子关联效应和新奇量子现象提供 了重要的基础。本论文总结了几个典型的重费米子单晶和薄膜体系的电子态研究,包括Ce-115 体 系、CeCu2Si2、CeRh6Ge4 以及单晶 Ce 膜等。这些结果为理解重费米子体系中重电子态的形成 和温度演化、近藤杂化的能带/动量依赖、重电子能带与超导的关系、近藤效应与磁性和其它量子 态的竞争、4f 电子的维度调控等重要物理问题提供了谱学证据。     

A High Field Magnetic Force Microscope with Large Area Searching Capability北大核心CSCD

作为观测磁畴行为和相变过程的有力工具,强磁场下的磁力显微镜在研究庞磁阻锰氧化物等体系中发挥着日益重要的作用.本文介绍了一款用于18/20T商业超导磁体中的磁力显微镜.在氦交换气的作用下,可以将样品冷却至7K的低温.扫描结构主要由两根平行的压电陶瓷管组成:一根用于扫描成像;另一根用于马达粗逼近,并实现对样品表面感兴趣特征的搜索.为了测试整套显微镜系统的性能,分别在0T、0.05T、0.3T、1.0T、3.0T以及10T磁场中对录像带样品进行了成像.     

一款具有大范围搜索功能的高场磁力显微镜（英文）

作为观测磁畴行为和相变过程的有力工具,强磁场下的磁力显微镜在研究庞磁阻锰氧化物等体系中发挥着日益重要的作用.本文介绍了一款用于18/20T商业超导磁体中的磁力显微镜.在氦交换气的作用下,可以将样品冷却至7K的低温.扫描结构主要由两根平行的压电陶瓷管组成:一根用于扫描成像;另一根用于马达粗逼近,并实现对样品表面感兴趣特征的搜索.为了测试整套显微镜系统的性能,分别在0T、0.05T、0.3T、1.0T、3.0T以及10T磁场中对录像带样品进行了成像.     

氧化物分子束外延技术及其在关联材料电子态研究中的应用

氧化物分子束外延薄膜和异质结生长技术近年来迅速发展,人们已实现以单原子层的精度来精确生长多种复杂量子材料,有力地推动了铜氧化物高温超导电性、二维电子气、氧化物电子学和自旋电子学器件等领域的研究.文章介绍了氧化物分子束外延的技术关键,并以La1-xSrxMnO3薄膜为例,介绍了钙钛矿结构的氧化物薄膜生长和刻画.特别是文章作者通过建立超高真空下的原位样品传送系统,可把薄膜样品直接传送到角分辨光电子能谱仪中,实现了薄膜的原位电子结构测量.所测得的La1-xSrxMnO3的电子结构与能带计算结果较为相符.而此类立方结构的、不可解理材料的电子结构,过去往往是无法直接测量的.     

转角二维量子材料中平带相关的新奇电子态物性

二维量子材料具有诸多新奇的电子态物性,又易受到外部因素的影响和调控,因此成为近年来凝聚态物理等研究领域的前沿课题之一.而当以不同的旋转角度和堆叠次序制备出二维量子材料的异质结时,莫尔超晶格的形成又进一步诱导了异质结电子能带结构的重整化,从而形成电子平带结构,再结合外加电场、磁场、应力场等外部条件,即可实现对材料整体新奇物性的设计与调控.本文主要围绕转角石墨烯及过渡金属硫族化合物异质结中的相关研究展开讨论,包括与平带物理相关的强关联效应、非常规超导现象、量子反常霍尔效应、拓扑相以及电子晶体等行为,并对未来的研究发展进行了展望.     

Emergent phenomena in manganites under spatial confinement

It is becoming increasingly clear that the exotic properties displayed by correlated electronic materials such as high Tc superconductivity in cuprates,colossal magnetoresistance(CMR) in manganites,and heavy-fermion compounds are intimately related to the coexistence of competing nearly degenerate states which couple simultaneously active degrees of freedom-charge,lattice,orbital,and spin states.The striking phenomena associated with these materials are due in a large part to spatial electronic inhomogeneities,or electronic phase separation(EPS).In many of these hard materials,the functionality is a result of the soft electronic component that leads to self-organization.In this paper,we review our recent work on a novel spatial confinement technique that has led to some fascinating new discoveries about the role of EPS in manganites.Using lithographic techniques to confine manganite thin films to length scales of the EPS domains that reside within them,it is possible to simultaneously probe EPS domains with different electronic states.This method allows for a much more complete view of the phases residing in a material and gives vital information on phase formation,movement,and fluctuation.Pushing this trend to its limit,we propose to control the formation process of the EPS using external local fields,which include magnetic exchange field,strain field,and electric field.We term the ability to pattern EPS "electronic nanofabrication." This method allows us to control the global physical properties of the system at a very fundamental level,and greatly enhances the potential for realizing true oxide electronics.     

Dynamical effects in magnetic and transport properties of phase separated La0.5Ca0.5Mn0.95Fe0.05O3

We have measured transport and magnetic properties of polycrystalline La_0.5Ca_0.5Mn_0.95Fe_0.05O₃, a phase separated manganite with ferromagnetic ground state. Cooling rate dependences and time relaxation were found; the coexistence of ferromagnetic and charge ordered regions determines a dynamics which influences physical properties. We show that a dynamical contribution to the resistivity can account for the observed cooling rate dependence and ageing effects on this phase separated manganite.     

Phase separation in A-site-ordered perovskite manganite LaBaMn2O6 probed by 139La and 55Mn NMR

139La- and 55Mn-NMR spectra demonstrate that the ground state of the A-site-ordered perovskite manganite LaBaMn2O6 is a spatial mixture of the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic regions, which are assigned to the metallic and the insulating charge ordered state, respectively. This exotic coexisting state appears below 200 K via a first-order-like formation of the antiferromagnetic charge ordered state inside the ferromagnetic metal one. The Mn spin-spin relaxation rate indicates that the ferromagnetic region coexisting with the antiferromagnetic one in LaBaMn2O6 is identical to the bulk ferromagnetic metal phase of the disordered form La0.5Ba0.5MnO3 in spite of the absence of A-site disorder. This suggests a mesoscopic rather than nanoscopic nature of the ferromagnetic region in LaBaMn2O6.     

La0.67Ca0.33MnO3薄膜中的各向异性应变与电荷有序

本文采用脉冲激光沉积法在NdGaO3(001)单晶衬底上制备了一系列的La0.67Ca0.33MnO3薄膜,实验主要研究了薄膜的输运性质.La0.67Ca0.33sMnO3块材是铁磁金属基态,而La0.67Ca0.33MnO3/NdGaO3(001)薄膜由于各向异性应变的存在,可以观测到电荷有序绝缘相的出现.薄膜样品表...     

Influence of the granule size on the magnetocaloric properties of manganite La0.5Ca0.5MnO3

The influence of the granule size on the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of ceramic sample of manganite La_0.5Ca_0.5MnO₃ has been investigated. Anomalies indicating the coexistence of the ferromagnetic metallic and antiferromagnetic charge-ordered phases below T _C have been found in the temperature dependence of the magnetocaloric effect. It has been shown that a decrease in the granule size to 90 nm leads to the complete suppression of the antiferromagnetic charge-ordered phase.     

Unusual ferromagnetism in nanoparticles of doped oxides and manganites

The observation of unusually large ferromagnetism in the nanoparticles of doped oxides and enhanced ferromagnetic tendencies in manganite nanoparticles have been in focus recently. For the transition metal doped oxide nanoparticles a phenomenological ‘charge transfer ferromagnetism’ model has been recently proposed by Coey et al. From a microscopic calculation with charge transfer between the defect band and mixed valent dopants, acting as reservoir, we show how the unusually high ferromagnetic response develops. The puzzle of nanosize-induced ferromagnetic tendencies in manganites is also addressed within the same framework where lattice imperfections and uncompensated charges at the surface of the nanoparticle are shown to reorganize the surface electronic structures with enhanced double exchange.     

Microstrain sensitivity of orbital and electronic phase separation in SrCrO3

An orbital ordering transition and electronic phase coexistence have been discovered in SrCrO3. This cubic, orbitally-degenerate perovskite transforms to a tetragonal phase with partial orbital order. The tetragonal phase is antiferromagnetic below 35-40 K, whereas the cubic phase remains paramagnetic at low temperatures. The orbital ordering temperature (35-70 K) and coexistence of the two electronic phases are very sensitive to lattice strain. X-ray measurements show a preferential conversion of the most strained regions in the cubic phase. This reveals that small fluctuations in microstrain are sufficient to drive long range separation of competing electronic phases even in undoped cubic oxides.     

Coexistence of superconductivity and density wave orders in a one-dimensional correlated system

By the field theory approach, we investigate a one-dimensional correlated electronic system modelled by the extended Hubbard Hamiltonian including a nearest-neighbor and a next-nearest-neighbor spin-exchange interactions with easy-axis anisotropy. At half filling, we obtain weak-coupling phase diagram. In addition to two insulating phases with transverse and longitudinal spin-density-wave orders, two metallic phases, characterized by the coexistence of singlet superconductivity and charge-density-wave orders and by the coexistence of triplet superconductivity and spin-density-wave orders, are realized in the ground state. Away from half filling, the degeneracy is split and the superconducting orders are favored.     

Strain-mediated insulator-metal transition in topotactically hydro-reduced SrFeO_2

Controlling oxygen redox reactions in transition metal oxides offers an attractive route to tune their physical properties; a topotactic structural transformation from their parent phases effectively modifies the electronic state. In this work, infinitelayered SrFeO_2 thin films were produced from brownmillerite SrFeO_(2.5) via low-temperature hydro-reduction. After the structural transition, their out-of-plane lattice constants dramatically shrank by ~12%; tensilely strained samples exhibited metallic character, whereas the compressively strained ones maintained the insulating behavior of their bulk form. According to X-ray linear dichroism results, this strain-mediated electronic anisotropy may be attributed to electron redistribution within degenerated orbitals. This suggests a possible mechanism for the metallic conductivity of infinite-layered SrFeO_2, giving a hint for understanding emergent quantum phenomena, such as the recently discovered superconductivity in nickelates, and stimulating various applications, including in ionic conductivity and oxygen catalysis.     

Spatial confinement tuning of quenched disorder effects and enhanced magnetoresistance in manganite nanowires

Complex oxides have rich functionalities and advantages for future technologies.In many systems,quenched disorder often holds the key to determine their physical properties,and these properties can be further tuned by chemical doping.However,understanding the role of quenched disorder is complicated because chemical doping simultaneously alters other physical variables such as local lattice distortions and electronic and magnetic environments.Here,we show that spatial confinement is an effective approach to tuning the level of quenched disorder in a complex-oxide system while leaving other physical variables largely undisturbed.Through the confinement of a manganite system down to quasi-one-dimensional nanowires,we observed that the nature of its metal-insulator phase transition exhibits a crossover from a discontinuous to a continuous characteristic,in close accordance with quenched disorder theories.We argue that the quenched disorder,finite size,and surface effects all contribute to our experimental observations.Noticeably,with reduced nanowire width,the magnetoresistance shows substantial enhancement at low temperatures.Our findings offer new insight into experimentally tuning the quenched disorder effect to achieve novel functionalities at reduced dimensions.