共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
肌球蛋白Ⅵ分子马达因其特殊的结构及胞内功能,其动力学原理成为研究的热点. 从肌球蛋白Ⅵ自身结构和实验现象出发,建立其弹性扩散模型,并通过Monte Carlo方法分析了肌球蛋白Ⅵ满足朗之万方程的随机动力学行为. 结果表明,在环境噪声作用下,具有弹性势能和轨道周期势能的肌球蛋白Ⅵ可以进行梯跳运动和有效的输运,但负载力会减弱分子马达系统的输运能力;当弹性系数一定时,弹性链越长平均速度越小,当弹性链长度一定时,合理选择弹性系数平均速度可达到最大值;另外,负载力的存在使肌球蛋白Ⅵ在接触位点的平均驻留时间呈指数增加.
关键词:
分子马达
肌球蛋白Ⅵ
朗之万方程
弹性扩散模型 相似文献
3.
提出了布朗马达的非均匀高斯跃迁理论,用布朗粒子在多态之间的跃迁模型描述分子马达的定向运动.假定跃迁速率与位置有关,且在跃迁点附近具有高斯函数形式,将布朗粒子在x处的概率密度Pm(x,t)在跃迁点附近展开,可以进行任意阶的近似计算.这一理论涵盖了以往的定点跃迁模型和均匀跃迁模型.作为具体例子,研究了系统在两态之间的跃迁问题.假定在一个周期内有两个跃迁点,讨论了布朗粒子定向运动产生的概率流随温度、跃迁速率和
跃迁宽度的变化关系.
关键词:
布朗马达
高斯跃迁
概率流 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
细胞维持生命就需要不断与外界进行物质交换,并且在细胞内部也频繁地进行着物质交换。细胞内部高度分化,由不同的细胞器(如细胞核,高尔基复合体等)组成,我们将细胞器比做“工厂”,每个工厂都有自己独一无二的“产品”(货物),细胞器是如何将产品分配给他们的“消费者”以及其他的工厂呢?在细胞内,运输货物的主要任务由分子马达(简称马达)家族中的肌球蛋白,驱动蛋白及动力蛋白来完成。马达完成运输的过程可分为三步:(1)识别货物并与货物结合;(2)沿着各自的“轨道”完成多个化学.力学循环,运输的过程中可能需要马达之间任务的交接;(3)将到达目的地时,识别目的地并将货物卸下。为了深入的介绍马达的调节机制,在内容上作了如下安排:1.介绍马达的基本概念及分类。2.介绍马达的结构及其运动特性。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
阐述了一个产生从红噪声到绿噪声的多色噪声源的途径,给出了这种噪声的关联函数和谱密度。提出用积分闭合方法模拟多色噪声,用龙格-库塔方法求解朗之万方程的整体。研究了在锯齿型周期势场中运动的布朗粒子的平均输运行为。结果表明:绿噪声所趋动的粒子的稳定速流与通常的红噪声的结果相反,存在一个使粒子运动方向反转的某种颜色噪声。 相似文献
10.
11.
Molecular motors are proteins or protein complexes which
function as transporting engines in biological cells. This paper
models the tether between motor and its cargo as a symmetric linear
potential. Different from Elston and Peskin's work for which
performance of the system was discussed only in some limiting cases,
this study produces analytic solutions of the problem for general
cases by simplifying the transport system into two physical states,
which makes it possible to discuss the dynamics of the motor--cargo
system in detail. It turns out that the tether strength between
motor and cargo should be greater than a threshold or the motor will
fail to transport the cargo, which was not discussed by former
researchers yet. Value of the threshold depends on the diffusion
coefficients of cargo and motor and also on the strength of the
Brownian ratchets dragging the system. The threshold approaches a
finite constant when the strength of the ratchet tends to infinity. 相似文献
12.
13.
本文介绍以拉曼峰强为分子晶体相变有序度的概念,并以KH_(1-x)D_(x)F_2和K_(1-x)Na_(x)F_2为例说明晶格振动模在相变过程中的临界性质可以因此得到。晶格振动模的临界性质反映着掺杂体系的丰富信息。 相似文献
14.
Operation of a laser-driven nano-motor inevitably generates a non-trivial amount of heat, which can possibly lead to instability or even hinder the motor's continual running. This work quantitatively examines the overheating problem for a recently proposed laser-operated molecular locomotive. We present a single-molecule cooling theory, in which molecular details of the locomotive system are explicitly treated. This theory is able to quantitatively predict cooling efficiency for various candidates of molecular systems for the locomotive, and also suggests concrete strategies for improving the locomotive's cooling. It is found that water environment is able to cool the hot locomotive down to room temperature within 100 picoseconds after photon absorption. This cooling time is a few orders of magnitude shorter than the typical time for laser operation, effectively preventing any overheating for the nano-locomotive. However, when the cooling is less effective in non-aqueous environment, residual heat may build up. A continuous running of the motor will then lead to a periodic thermodynamics, which is a common character of many laser-operated nano-devices. 相似文献
15.
Diffusion activation energy versus the favourable energy in two-order-parameter model:A molecular dynamics study of liquid Al 下载免费PDF全文
In the present work, we find that both diffusion activation energy Ea(D) and Ea(Sex) increase linearly with pressure and have the same slope (0.022±0.001 eV/GPa) for liquid Al. The temperature and pressure dependence of excess entropy is well fitted by the expression -Sex(T,P)/kB=a(P)+b(P)T+c(P)exp(Ef/kBT), which together with the small ratio of Ef/kBT leads to the relationship of excess entropy to temperature and pressure, i.e. Sex≈-cEf/T, where c is about 12 and Ef (=Δ E-PΔV) is the favourable energy. Therefore, there exists a simple relation between Ea(Sex) and Ef, i.e. Ea(Sex)≈cEf. 相似文献
16.
We propose a modified Einstein approximation to describe zero-point energy vibrations in a quantum crystal. Our aim was to develop a computationally cheap tool suitable for lattice structure optimisation. As in the classical Einstein model the representative atom vibrates in an effective potential due to the surrounding atoms of the crystal; the atoms however are not strictly placed at the positions corresponding to the crystal potential energy minima but their positions are described by the quantum mechanical density distributions. The effective potential computed that way is suitable for the application in solid para-hydrogen in contrast to the normal (unmodified) Einstein approximation. We compute the cohesive energy of the para-hydrogen crystal and perform lattice structure optimisation. The hexagonal closed packed is more stable than the fcc closed packed lattice and the lattice constants obtained are in very good agreement with the experimental values. 相似文献
17.
为互联网中的流量控制协议构建恰当模型,从而阐明具体协议算法与网络宏观性能间的关系,一直是互联网研究者面临的重大挑战.本文通过逻辑演绎,建立了互联网传输控制协议下流量的朗之万方程.在此基础上,细致分析了主动队列管理算法的有效性,在理论上证明了此类算法存在从畅通态到拥塞态到瘫痪态的相变过程,并给出了相变临界点与系统参数的显式关系.本建模与分析方法虽以具体的主动队列管理算法为例,但其方法可以应用于一般的网络流量控制问题.
关键词:
互联网
流量控制
朗之万方程
相变 相似文献
18.
本文从麦克斯韦方程出发,定量地讨论了高速带电粒子通过界面产生渡越辐射过程中的能量平衡问题;并由此揭示了带电粒子越过箔片组过程中的速率脉动变化问题.这一工作有助于完善带电粒子通过箔片组产生渡越辐射的理论. 相似文献
19.
使用作者最近建立的研究双原子分子离子精确势能的离子能量自洽法(ECMI),对碱金属、氟、氧的同核双原子分子离子的以下电子态进行了研究:Na2 的X2∑g 态,Li2 的X2∏u态,F2 的A2Пu态,F2 的X2∏g,和O2 的A2∏u态.将获得的ECMI势能曲线与用其他理论方法得到的势能曲线进行的比较表明,ECMI得到了这些态的最好势能,而且ECMI势不仅能获得平衡核间距附近的精确势能,还能得到其他方法往往难以得到的双原子分子离子渐进区和离解区的正确势能. 相似文献