高压下CaPo弹性性质和热力学性质的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论的平面波赝势方法预测研究了CaPo从岩盐结构(B1结构)到氯化铯结构(B2结构)的相变以及B1结构CaPo高压下的弹性性质以及热力学性质等.通过等焓原理发现B1→B2的相变压力为22.8GPa. 同时计算了B1结构CaPo高压下的弹性常数以及剪切模量、杨氏模量等相关弹性参数,结果发现当压力超过20GPa时,B1结构CaPo开始不稳定了,这和等焓原理所得结果相符合. 最后通过Debye模型成功获取了B1结构C 关键词： 相变 弹性性质 热力学性质 CaPo     

过渡金属钼高压物性的第一原理研究北大核心CSCD

在平面波赝势密度泛函理论的框架下,利用广义梯度近似(GGA)计算了体心立方(bcc)和双层密排六方(dhcp)结构的Mo在不同体积下的总能和焓值,算得的等温压缩线与前人的计算结果符合较好。对焓值作差,预测了620GPa压强附近bcc→dhcp的结构相变。根据声子谱的计算结果可知,在高压下,bcc结构可能会向dhcp或9R结构转变。力学稳定性的计算结果进一步显示,在620GPa以上,dhcp-Mo是能够稳定存在的相。结合准谐德拜模型研究了Mo在高压下的热力学性质,计算结果表明,在620GPa附近,bcc和dhcp结构Mo的热力学性质并无显著差异。     

过渡金属钼高压物性的第一原理研究

在平面波赝势密度泛函理论的框架下,利用广义梯度近似(GGA)计算了体心立方(bcc)和双层密排六方(dhcp)结构的Mo在不同体积下的总能和焓值,算得的等温压缩线与前人的计算结果符合较好。对焓值作差,预测了620GPa压强附近bcc→dhcp的结构相变。根据声子谱的计算结果可知,在高压下,bcc结构可能会向dhcp或9R结构转变。力学稳定性的计算结果进一步显示,在620GPa以上,dhcp-Mo是能够稳定存在的相。结合准谐德拜模型研究了Mo在高压下的热力学性质,计算结果表明,在620GPa附近,bcc和dhcp结构Mo的热力学性质并无显著差异。     

ZnSe相变、电子结构的第一性原理计算

基于第一性原理平面波赝势(PWP)和广义梯度近似(GGA)方法,对闪锌矿结构(ZB)和岩盐结构(RS)的ZnSe在0—20GPa高压下的几何结构、态密度、能带结构进行了计算研究,分析了闪锌矿结构ZnSe和岩盐结构ZnSe的几何结构.在此基础上,研究了ZnSe的结构相变、弹性常数、成键情况以及相变压强下电子结构的变化机理.结果发现:通过焓相等原理得到的ZB相到RS相的相变压强为15.3GPa,而由弹性常数判据得到的相变压强为11.52GPa,但在9.5GPa左右并没有发现简单立方相的出现;在结构相变过程中,sp3轨道杂化现象并未消除,Zn原子的4s电子在RS相ZnSe的导电性中起主要贡献.     

ZnS结构相变、电子结构和光学性质的研究

运用第一性原理平面波赝势和广义梯度近似方法, 对闪锌矿结构(ZB)和氯化钠结构(RS) ZnS的状态方程及其在高压下的相变进行计算研究, 分析相变点附近的电子态密度、能带结构和光学性质的变化机理. 结果表明: 通过状态方程得到ZB相到RS相的相变压强值为18.1 GPa, 而利用焓相等原理得到的相变压强值为18.0 GPa; 在结构相变过程中, sp³轨道杂化现象并未消失, RS相ZnS的金属性明显增强; 与ZB相ZnS相比, RS相ZnS的介电常数主峰明显增强, 并向低能方向出现了明显偏移, 使得介电峰向低能方向拓展, 在低能区电子跃迁大大增强. 关键词： 硫化锌 相变 电子结构 光学性质     

ZnSe高压相变和声子谱的第一性原理研究

采用基于第一性原理的平面波赝势和广义梯度近似方法,对闪锌矿(ZB)、纤锌矿(WZ)和岩盐(RS)结构的ZnSe在0~40GPa压力下的热力学性质及相变特性进行了研究。通过数值计算得出3种结构ZnSe的能量随体积变化的曲线,在此基础上,研究了不同结构ZnSe的晶格常数、高温高压物态方程、结构相变及弹性性质,解释了高压下结构相变的机理,并通过焓相等原理得到ZB结构到RS结构的相变压力为14.95GPa。最后,利用VASP软件结合Phonopy计算了ZB结构和RS结构ZnSe的声子谱,并将温度效应引入,得到亥姆霍兹自由能、熵和等容热容随温度的变化关系。     

SmN晶体的电子结构和高压相变的第一性原理

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理,研究了SmN晶体的电子结构和高压相变. SmN晶体的电子结构具有半金属特征,多数自旋电子显示金属导电性,少数自旋电子显示半导体导电性. 高压相变的结果显示,SmN晶体经历从NaCl型(B1)到CsCl型(B2)结构转变的压致结构相变,相变压力117 GPa. 弹性系数的结果显示,在环境压力下SmN晶体的弹性系数满足玻恩稳定条件,标志着B1相是力学稳定结构. 声子谱结果显示,在环境压力下B1相是热力学稳定结构,与弹性系数的计算结果一致.     

金刚烷的高压拉曼光谱研究

对金刚烷(C_(10)H_(16))进行了常温原位高压拉曼光谱研究,最高压力为25 GPa。通过分析高压拉曼光谱,结合拉曼频移随压力的变化情况,得出在实验压力范围内C_(10)H_(16)发生了多次相变。0.6 GPa时,C_(10)H_(16)由常温常压下的无序相(α相)转变为有序相(β相);继续加压至1.7 GPa时,第2次结构相变开始,直至3.2 GPa,第2次相变完全结束;第3次相变开始于6.3 GPa,结束于7.7 GPa;22.9 GPa时发生了第4次结构相变。另外,首次在拉曼光谱上探测到第3次相变过程中晶格振动峰的变化,说明第3次相变并非前人报道的等结构相变。     

冲击压缩下金属钯的结构相变

钯作为典型高压标定材料,研究其在极端条件下的结构变化以及热力学性质具有广泛需求并充满了挑战,特别是冲击加载下钯的固-固相变过程研究仍然匮乏.本文基于嵌入原子势,使用经典分子动力学方法从原子角度揭示了冲击载荷加载下钯的结构相变路径,在0—375 GPa的压力区间观察到一系列复杂的结构转变特征,从初始的面心立方(FCC)结构,至带密排六方(HCP)结构的层错体心立方(BCC)结构,直至完全熔化.在沿<100>晶向冲击下,在70.0 GPa发现了FCC-BCC相变过程,远低于之前研究中静高压的结果.此外,还发现了冲击方向依赖的相变点,在沿着<110>及<111>晶向冲击时FCC-BCC相变压力分别增加至135.8和165.4 GPa,同时相比完美晶体,引入缺陷会使FCC-BCC相变压强值有20—30 GPa的增幅,并通过势能分布的分析予以验证.本文发现冲击加载下钯的FCC-BCC相变压力大大降低的特殊现象,为钯在高压实验等极端条件下的应用提供了新的理论认识.     

金红石→萤石TiO2相变的第一性原理计算

利用第一性原理平面波密度泛函理论并结合准谐德拜模型,对TiO₂从金红石结构到萤石结构的相变进行理论研究.依据焓相等原理,得到TiO₂从金红石结构到萤石结构的相变压强为45.32 GPa,并通过吉布斯能的计算发现相变压强随温度的增加而增加,运用拟合的方法估计实验条件下的相变压强(温度为1900-2100K时,P_t=47.604~47.756 GPa).运用等吉布斯能原理,得到零压下从金红石到萤石结构TiO₂的相变温度为2029 K.计算结果与实验及其他理论值相符,并通过准谐德拜模型成功获得相变前后的结构和热力学性质,如相对体积、热膨胀系数、热容和德拜温度等.     

Investigation of the relationship between the ionic conductivity and the local structures of singly and doubly doped ceria compounds using EXAFS measurement

The oxide ionic conductivity measurements of singly and doubly doped ceria compounds were carried out. Singly and doubly doped ceria used in this study were Ce_0.8Ln_0.2O_1.9 (Ln=Y, Sm, Nd, or La) and Ce_0.8La_0.1Y_0.1O_1.9, respectively. Lattice constants of these compounds were in proportion to the ionic radius of the dopant(s). The doubly doped ceria compound showed oxide ionic conductivity comparative to the average of that of each corresponding singly doped sample. This finding indicates that the conductivity is influenced by both dopants in the doubly doped compounds. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) study showed that the coordination number of oxide ions at the nearest neighbor of cation was related to the ionic conductivity. It was found that the conductivity gave the highest value when oxygen vacancies were randomly distributed in the lattice. This indicates that the local structure seriously affects oxide ionic conduction in singly and doubly doped ceria compounds.     

Structural, thermodynamic and electronic properties of zinc-blende AlN from first-principles calculations

Structural, thermodynamic and electronic properties of zinc-blende AlN under pressure are investigated by first-principles calculations based on the plane-wave basis set. Through the analysis of enthalpy variation of AlN in the zinc-blende (ZB) and the rock-salt (RS) structures with pressure, we find the phase transition of AlN from ZB to RS structure occurs at 6.7 GPa. By using the quasi-harmonic Debye model, we obtain the heat capacity C_V, Debye temperature Θ_D, Grüneisen parameter γ and thermal expansion coefficient α. The electronic properties including fundamental energy gaps and hydrostatic deformation potentials are investigated and the dependence of energy gaps on pressure is analysed.     

Structural,mechanical, thermodynamics properties and phase transition of FeVSb

The structural, mechanical, thermodynamics properties and phase transition of FeVSb are investigated extensively using the first principle calculations and the quasi-harmonic Debye model. From the calculated elastic constants of cubic FeVSb, some other mechanical quantities, such as bulk modulus and Poisson's ratio, are drawn. Surprisingly, it is found that almost all these mechanical quantities are larger than those of CoVSb (Bo Kong et al., J. Alloys Compd. 509 (2011) 2611); the obtained corresponding transition pressure from fcc to hcp is also larger than that of CoVSb. For these distinctions, their complete different electronic and magnetic behaviors in their cubic structures may be responsible. However, in their hexagonal structures, atomic configurations are similar in terms of the analysis of both the ground-state structure and enthalpy–pressure curves. It is also shown that the elastic instability of cubic FeVSb does not appear with pressure up to 120 GPa and should not be a reason for the pressure-induced phase transition. In addition, heat capacity, Debye temperatures, and so on are obtained successfully for cubic FeVSb under the quasi-harmonic Debye model. Furthermore, we attempt to explore the phase diagram of FeVSb with the model.     

铜钨合金高温高压性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了三种不同比例铜钨合金(Cu3W,Cu W,Cu W3)的基态及高温、高压下的电子结构、弹性性质和热力学性质.弹性常数计算结果表明Cu3W为结构不稳定相,Cu W和Cu W3为结构稳定相,与声子色散曲线得到的结论一致.通过对态密度的分析,发现随压强的增大,金属键键能增大,并且态密度有向深能级移动的趋势.通过准简谐德拜模型和准简谐近似模型分别计算、分析和对比了三种铜钨合金在不同温度和压强下的体弹模量、热膨胀系数、德拜温度和比热容.     

Structural and magnetic phase formation in nanophase brass—iron electron compounds

Starting with Cu0.65Zn0.35 with an e/a ratio of 1.35 we studied the phase formation in nanophase (Cu_0.65Zn_0.35)_1?x Fe _x alloys in the concentration range 0.1 ≤x ≤0.7 to see the effect of altering the electron concentration. The evolution of bcc phase from the fcc phase as a function of Fe concentration was investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The grain size, lattice parameters, and average hyperfine magnetic field distributions were estimated for the nanophase alloys. The fcc phase was observed to persist up to 40 atomic per cent Fe substitutions, a mixed (fcc + bcc) phase region up to 70 atomic per cent Fe and bcc phase beyond 70 atomic per cent Fe. The magnetic state of the alloys changed from nonmagnetic forx ≤0.3 to magnetically ordered state at room temperature forx ≤0.33, which lies in the fcc phase region. The fcc phase alloys of Fe with non-magnetic metals have very low magnetic transition temperatures. However, in this system the room temperature state is unusually magnetic     

First-principles calculations for transition phase and thermodynamic properties of GaAs

The transition phase of GaAs from the zincblende (ZB) structure to the rocksalt (RS) structure is investigated by ab initio plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory method, and the thermodynamic properties of the ZB and RS structures are obtained through the quasi-harmonic Debye model. It is found that the transition from the ZB structure to the RS structure occurs at the pressure of about 16.3\,GPa, this fact is well consistent with the experimental data and other theoretical results. The dependences of the relative volume V/V₀ on the pressure P, the Debye temperature \Th and specific heat C_V on the pressure P, as well as the specific heat C_V on the temperature T are also obtained successfully.     

Phase transition and thermodynamic properties of BiFeO3 from first-principles calculations

The first-principles projector-augmented wave method employing the quasi-harmonic Debye model,is applied to investigate the thermodynamic properties and the phase transition between the trigonal R3c structure and the orthorhombic Pnma structure.It is found that at ambient temperature,the phase transition from the trigonal R3c phase to the orthorhombic Pnma phase is a first-order antiferromagnetic-nonmagnetic and insulator-metal transition,and occurs at 10.56 GPa,which is in good agreement with experimental data.With increasing temperature,the transition pressure decreases almost linearly.Moreover,the thermodynamic properties including Grneisen parameter,heat capacity,entropy,and the dependences of thermal expansion coefficient on temperature and pressure are also obtained.     

红色荧光粉Na8.33 La1.67(SiO4)6 O2:Eu3+的制备及发光特性

采用高温固相法制备了Na_(8. 33)La_(1. 67)(SiO_4)_6O_2∶Eu~(3+)红色发光材料,利用X射线衍射仪测定其晶体结构,利用Hitachi F4600表征其发光光谱。在紫外光激发下,样品Na_(8. 33)La_(1. 67)(SiO_4)_6O_2∶Eu~(3+)呈多峰发射,分别对应于Eu~(3+)的~5D_0-~7F_j(j=0,1,2,3,4)能级跃迁,主峰是位于615 nm的~5D_0-~7F_2跃迁发射。研究了Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度对材料发光性质的影响,改变Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度,样品的发射强度随之改变,Na_(8. 33)La_(1. 67)(SiO_4)_6O_2∶Eu~(3+)材料的Eu~(3+)浓度为15%时,发光强度最大。讨论了浓度猝灭的机理,理论计算表明引起Eu~(3+)离子能量弥散的主要原因是离子间交换相互作用。     

Possible ferrimagnetism and ferroelectricity of half-substituted rare-earth titanate: A first-principles study on Y0.5La0.5TiO3

Titanates with the perovskite structure, including ferroelectrics (e.g., BaTiO₃) and ferromagnetic ones (e.g., YTiO₃), are important functional materials. Recent theoretical studies predicted multiferroic states in strained EuTiO₃ and titanate superlattices, the former of which has already been experimental confirmed. Here, a first-principles calculation is performed to investigate the structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of Y half-substituted LaTiO₃. Our results reveal that the magnetism of Y_0.5La_0.5TiO₃ sensitively depends on its structural details because of the inherent phase competition. The lowest energy state is the ferromagnetic state, resulting in 0.25 μB/Ti. Furthermore, some configurations of Y_0.5La_0.5TiO₃ exhibit hybrid improper polarizations, which can be significantly affected by magnetism, resulting in the multiferroic properties. Because of the quenching disorder of substitution, the real Y_0.5La_0.5TiO₃ material with random A-site ions may exhibit interesting relaxor behaviors.     

Lattice dynamics of solid xenon under pressure

We use density-functional perturbation theory to obtain the phonon spectrum of fcc xenon under pressure. Thermodynamic properties obtained within the quasiharmonic approximation are in fair to good agreement with experiment at zero pressure. The transition pressure from the fcc to hcp phase is predicted to occur at 5 GPa. The fcc structure is found to be dynamically stable up to a pressure of 100 GPa, beyond which the phonon modes at the X and L symmetry points soften. We attribute the observed sluggish kinetics of the fcc-hcp transition to the small energy difference between the phases as well as to the high dynamical stability of the fcc phase.