聚(9,9-二辛基芴)和聚(9,9-二辛基芴-共-苯并噻二唑)的光物理特性的理论和实验研究

通过比较分析聚(9,9-二辛基芴)(PFO)和聚(9,9-二辛基芴-共-苯并噻二唑)(F8BT),对半导体聚合物的光物理特性进行了系统研究. 量子化学计算显示,苯并噻二唑单元的引入促进了链内电荷转移(ICT),调节了聚合物的电子跃迁机制. 瞬态吸收测定表明,在单分散系统中的受激PFO衰减时主要表现为链内激子弛豫.在F8BT溶液中,ICT状态出现,并参与到激发态的弛豫过程中. 凝聚相中PFO和F8BT的弛豫过程加速和显示了在高激发强度下具有显著的激子湮灭行为. 在相同的激发强度下,F8BT的平均寿命长于PFO,有助于实现良好的电荷离域.     

由芴炔撑和苯并噻二唑组成的新型共轭聚合物的合成与光学性能

采用Pd(PPh₃)₄和CuI作为催化剂,在三乙胺和甲苯溶液中,采用2,7-二乙炔基-9,9-二辛基芴(PFE)和4,7-二溴-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑(BT),以不同配料比合成了一系列新型的聚芳炔聚合物。所有这些聚合物的数均分子质量M_n约为4000~12000,并在三氯甲烷和甲苯中都有很好的溶解性。研究了其紫外-可见吸收光谱、光致发光性能。随着共聚物中BT的增加,共聚物的光致发光的发射波长有少量红移,证明了由宽能带的2,7-二乙炔基-9,9-二辛基芴(PFE)和窄能带的4,7-二溴-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑(BT)组成的共聚物,由于激子在窄能带单元中的限制使得在宽能带单元和窄能带单元之间发生了有效的分子内的能量转移。因此在聚芴炔链中引入不同含量的窄带隙杂环单元可实现对聚芴发光颜色的调节。     

Si掺杂4,7-二(2-噻吩基)苯并噻二唑-3-辛基噻吩二炔在SnO_2(100)表面吸附的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论与周期性平板模型相结合的方法,在GGA/PW91/DNP水平上研究了4,7-二(2-噻吩基)苯并噻二唑-3-辛基噻吩二炔(简称PTE-DTBT)和Si掺杂4,7-二(2-噻吩基)苯并噻二唑-3-辛基噻吩二炔(简称PTE-DTBT-Si)在SnO_2(100)表面的吸附.通过吸附前后化合物PTE-DTBT和PTE-DTBT-Si的Mulliken charge和前线轨道分析表明:当PTE-DTBT和PTE-DTBT-Si吸附在SnO_2(100)表面时,PTE-DTBT向SnO_2(100)表面转移了0.059 e电荷,SnO_2(100)表面向PTE-DTBTSi转移0.042 e电荷;同时前线轨道能隙变窄.通过吸附前后SnO_2(100)表面的能带和态密度分析表明:在SnO_2(100)表面吸附了化合物PTE-DTBT和PTE-DTBT-Si后,SnO_2中价带和导带间的禁带变窄或消失.且研究表明,PTE-DTBT掺杂一个Si原子后,电池材料光伏性更好.     

4,7-二(2-溴代噻吩-5-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑-N-(1-辛基壬烷基)咔唑在ZnS(100)表面吸附的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似(DFT/GGA)方法,在PW91/DNP水平上研究了4,7-二(2-溴代噻吩-5-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑-N-(1-辛基壬烷基)咔唑(简称PC-DTBT)的低聚合物(PC-DTBT)n(n=1-5)的稳定性和化学活性.结果表明:随着聚合度增加,(PC-DTBT)n的稳定性降低,化学活性增强.采用密度泛函理论与周期性平板模型相结合的方法,研究了PC-DTBT单体在ZnS(100)表面的吸附,通过吸附前后化合物PC-DTBT的Mulliken charge和前线轨道分析表明:当PC-DTBT吸附在ZnS(100)表面时,ZnS(100)表面向PC-DTBT转移0.200 e电荷,前线轨道能隙变窄.理论预测的结果与实验值吻合.     

4,7-二(2-溴代噻吩-5-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑-N-(1-辛基壬烷基)咔唑在ZnS(100)表面吸附的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似(DFT/GGA)方法, 在PW91/DNP水平上研究了4,7-二(2-溴代噻吩-5-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑-N-(1-辛基壬烷基)咔唑(简称PC-DTBT)的低聚合物(PC-DTBT)n(n=1-5)的稳定性和化学活性. 结果表明: 随着聚合度增加, (PC-DTBT)n的稳定性降低, 化学活性增强. 采用密度泛函理论与周期性平板模型相结合的方法, 研究了PC-DTBT单体在ZnS(100)表面的吸附, 通过吸附前后化合物PC-DTBT的Mulliken charge和前线轨道分析表明: 当PC-DTBT吸附在ZnS (100)表面时, ZnS(100)表面向PC-DTBT转移0.200 e电荷, 前线轨道能隙变窄. 理论预测的结果与实验值吻合.     

4,5-二氮杂芴-9-酮2-萘甲酰腙(HL)及其配合物PbL_2的NMR研究(英文)

本文报道了 4 ,5 二氮杂芴 9 酮 2 萘甲酰腙 (HL)及其配合物PbL2 的合成及其1H和1H 1HCOSYNMR表征 .在PbL2 中配体以烯醇式配位 ;由于受到亚胺氮孤对电子的屏蔽 ,二氮杂芴环上的质子具有不等价性     

4,7-二（2-噻吩基）苯并噻二唑-3-辛基噻吩二炔在TiO2（100）表面吸附的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似（DFT/GGA）方法,在PW91/DNP水平上研究了4,7-二（2-噻吩基）苯并噻二唑-3-辛基噻吩二炔（简称P）的低聚合物P_n（n=1～5）的稳定性和化学活性.结果表明:随着聚合度增加,P_n的稳定性降低,化学活性增强.采用密度泛函理论与周期性平板模型相结合的方法,研究了化合物P在TiO₂（100）表面的吸附,通过吸附前后化合物P的Mulliken charge和前线轨道分析表明:当P吸附在TiO₂（100）表面时,P向TiO₂（100）表面转移0.692 e电荷,前线轨道能隙变窄.通过吸附前后TiO₂（100）表面的能带和态密度分析表明:在TiO₂（100）表面吸附了化合物P后,能带向低能区移动,且TiO₂中价带和导带间的禁带消失.理论预测的结果与实验值吻合.     

聚(2,5－二丁氧基对苯乙炔)电致发光性能的研究

本文对以聚(2,5-二丁氧基对苯乙炔)为发光层的聚合物电致发光二极管的电致发光性能和影响其性能的因素进行了研究。其发光峰值波长为590um,起亮电压为12V,最大亮度可达112cd/m2.热处理温度和时间影响其发光强度和峰值波长,一般以200℃,真空处理3.5h为宜。还原气氛(N2+H2)下的热处理有利于电致发光性能的提高。器件在空气中具有一定的使用寿命。其量子效率可达0.16%光子/电子。并研究了器件制备工艺对性能的影响,初步探讨了聚合物电致发光机理。     

4,5-二氮杂芴-9-酮2-萘甲酰腙(HL)及其配合物PbL2的NMR研究

本文报道了4,5-二氮杂芴-9-酮2-萘甲酰腙(HL)及其配合物PbL₂的合成及其¹H和¹H-¹H COSYNMR表征.在PbL₂中配体以烯醇式配位;由于受到亚胺氮孤对电子的屏蔽,二氮杂芴环上的质子具有不等价性。     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸络合萃取邻氨基苯酚的机理

在二（2-乙基己基）磷酸（D2EHPA）络合萃取邻氨基苯酚（OAP）实验中,研究了稀释剂种类、溶液的初始pH值等因素对OAP稀溶液分配比（D）的影响。溶液的初始pH值对萃取结果影响较大,当初始pH值在pKa1和pKa2之间时,分配比出现峰值;二（2-乙基己基）磷酸主要是通过离子缔合和质子交换来实现萃取的,而稀释剂则主要是物理萃取,在同一浓度下,二（2-乙基己基）磷酸的萃取能力随稀释剂的极性增大而提高,极性环境优于惰性稀释剂环境。红外光谱分析证明萃取过程存在离子交换和离子缔合反应。     

低工作电压聚噻吩薄膜晶体管

以高掺杂Si单晶片作为衬底且充当栅电极,采用磁控溅射法在硅片上沉积HfTiO薄膜作为栅介质层,聚三己基噻吩(P3HT)薄膜作为半导体活性层,金属Au作为源、漏电极,并采用十八烷基三氯硅烷(OTS)对栅介质层表面修饰,在空气环境下成功地制备出聚合物薄膜晶体管(PTFT).PTFT器件测试结果表明,该晶体管在低的驱动电压(<-1 V)下仍呈现出良好的饱和行为,其阈值电压和有效场效应迁移率分别为0.4 V和2.2×10^-2 cm²/V ·s.通过对金属-聚合物-氧化物 关键词： 聚合物薄膜晶体管 聚三己基噻吩 场效应迁移率 k栅介质')" href="#">高k栅介质     

Supercritical fluid-assisted synthesis of a carbon nanotubes-grafted biocompatible polymer composite

A nanocomposite consisting of multi-wall nanotubes (MWNTs) grafted with a biocompatible polymer poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was prepared by in situ polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide. The surface of the MWNTs was first surface modified with hydroxyl groups in the solution of KMnO₄ and a phase-transfer catalyst. MWNT-OH was then functionalized with vinyl groups using a silane coupling agent, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The silane groups can improve the dipersion of MWNTs in supercritical carbon dioxide, while the terminal vinyl groups help fabricate polymer chains on the MWNT surface. The as-synthesized products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The SEM and TEM images showed that the nanotubes were well coated with the polymer shell. The composite had higher thermal stability than the pure polymer and dispersed well in methanol. This biocompatible polymer composite was prepared using a green method and is expected to be useful as a biomaterial composite with potential applications in the biological field.     

SERS study on surface chain geometry of atactic poly (methyl methacrylate) film and nanosphere

The surface chain geometry of atactic poly (methyl methacrylate) (a‐PMMA) film and nanosphere (NS) was revealed by surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra. The Ag nanoparticles and nanoplates were prepared by electrochemical deposition and chemical synthesis for SERS substrates. The experimental results suggested that the molecular chain axis of a‐PMMA film adopted a trans‐conformation on bonding to Ag surface ascribed to the short‐range chemical (CHEM) effect according to the SERS selection rules. However, for the well‐coated monolayer of a‐PMMA NSs, the α‐CH₃ in polymer chains stood vertically to the Ag surface due to the giant local electromagnetic effect, then the chain conformation presented in the interface between a‐PMMA NSs and Ag metal was adopted the opposite orientation compared with a‐PMMA film. The Raman enhancement of the Ag nanoparticles was more prominent than that of the Ag nanoplates due to the free energies of face‐centered cubic crystal faces in nanoparticles, but the single crystals with (111) plane of Ag nanoplates could improve the stability of SERS signals when the annealed temperature was above T_g of a‐PMMA NSs. The present work can provide some useful information of surface chain geometry and conformation of NSs for designing various materials with well‐defined structure via a‐PMMA NSs template. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effects of carbon fibers on the transcrystalline interphase in poly(phenylene sulfide) of different molecular weights

Composite films of different molecular weight poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and three types of carbon fibers (Pitch, PAN, and Rayon-based fibers) have been studied by optical microscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Transcrystallization of growing spherulites on carbon fibers is found under all thermal conditions of growth on Rayon and Pitch-based carbon fibers for all types of matrices. For composite films with PAN carbon fibers transcrystallization of growing spherulites is not uniform and sometimes is not found at all. Existence of b axial orientation of twisted lamellae for transcrystalline zone of PPS is demonstrated by X-ray diffraction technique and compared with orientation of the stretched sample. The new induction time quantitative approach is applied to the transcrystalline growth of PPS spherulites on the surface of carbon fibers. The interfacial free energy difference for fiber/crystallite and heterogeneities/ crystallite systems in the melt that is defined from growth and nucleation studies are calculated and compared. The relative tendency for a polymer to crystallize at the fiber surface rather than in the bulk is demonstrated.     

Vitamin C functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and its reinforcement on poly(ester-imide) nanocomposites containing L-isoleucine amino acid moiety

The aim of this research was to prepare poly(ester–imide) (PEI)-based nanocomposites (NCs) through the functionalization of carboxylated-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)s with ascorbic acid, in order to ensure better filler dispersion and good interfacial adhesion between filler and matrix. Chiral and biodegradable PEI was synthesized from amino acid-based diacid with 4,4′-thiobis(2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol) by a direct polycondensation method. Using the solution mixing technique, the NCs containing modified MWCNTs with different loading levels of 5,10, 15 wt% were produced and examined in terms of chemical structure, morphology, and thermal stability by FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). TEM and FE-SEM photographs of the obtained NCs indicated well-dispersed morphologies and strong interaction between the functionalized MWCNTs and the polymer matrix. TGA results revealed that the addition of MWCNT resulted in a significant increase of the thermal stability and char yields of the NCs compared to those of the neat PEI.     

Functionalization of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with polystyrene via surface initiated reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization

Here we demonstrate the covalent attachment of vertically aligned (VA) acid treated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) onto a silicon substrate via dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) coupling chemistry. Subsequently, the pendant carboxyl moieties on the sidewalls of the VA-SWCNTs were derivatized to acyl chlorides, and then finally to bis(dithioester) moieties using a magnesium chloride dithiobenzoate salt. The bis(dithioester) moieties were then successfully shown to act as a chain transfer agent (CTA) in the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of styrene in a surface initiated “grafting-from” process from the VA-SWCNT surface. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) verified vertical alignment of the SWCNTs and the maintenance thereof throughout the synthesis process. Finally, Raman scattering spectroscopy and AFM confirmed polystyrene functionalization.     

Vacuum relaxation and annealing-induced enhancement of mobility of regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） field-effect transistors

In order to enhance the performance of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RR-P3HT) field-effect transistors (FETs), RR-P3HT FETs are prepared by the spin-coating method followed by vacuum placement and annealing. This paper reports that the crystal structure, the molecule interconnection, the surface morphology, and the charge carrier mobility of RR-P3HT films are affected by vacuum relaxation and annealing. The results reveal that the field-effect mobility of RR-P3HT FETs can reach 4.17×10^ - 2~m²/(V.s) by vacuum relaxation at room temperature due to an enhanced local self-organization. Furthermore, it reports that an appropriate annealing temperature can facilitate the crystal structure, the orientation and the interconnection of polymer molecules. These results show that the field-effect mobility of device annealed at 150~℃ for 10 minutes in vacuum at atmosphere and followed by placement for 20 hours in vacuum at room temperature is enhanced dramatically to 9.00×10^ - 2 ~cm²/(V.s).     

Covalent attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) on multi-walled carbon nanotubes

A new 'graft-onto' method to attach poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) has been developed. The method is based on the coupling reaction of radicals formed at the chain end of PEG onto the surface of MWNTs. The polymeric radicals are generated by atom (halogen) transfer reaction between chloroacetyl-terminated PEG and transition metal catalysts. The method allows direct covalent attachment of PEG to pristine MWNTs without pretreatment that could alter their original structure. The resulting PEG-grafted MWNTs showed improved dispersion stability in isopropanol and methanol.     

Effect of dispersion state of carbon nanotube on the thermal conductivity of poly(dimethyl siloxane) composites

Herein, the effect of dispersion uniformity of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the thermal conductivity of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) composites was investigated by comparing experimentally obtained and calculated results based on simple models. Two different MWCNTs, i.e., raw and oxidized/masterbatched MWCNTs, were used and compared. For raw MWCNT, the dispersion in PDMS was poor, resulting in the significant reduction in the aspect ratio of MWCNT. However, for composites using masterbatched MWCNT, the thermal conductivity was always about 10% greater than those prepared with raw MWCNT and the aspect ratio calculated by the model equation was also 1.7 times greater. Above 1.5 phr masterbatched MWCNT concentrations, the aspect ratio of 430 was maintained. Finally, the results suggest that the thermal conductivity can be correlated with the degree of dispersion and aspect ratio obtained from the model equation used.     

Flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) electrodes based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for supercapacitor application

Flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) electrodes based on pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and acid-treated single-walled carbon nanotubes (A-SWCNTs) were prepared by spray coating technique. Flexible A-SWCNTs electrodes showed enhanced electrochemical properties compared to the pristine SWCNTs electrodes. The electrochemical properties of the flexible A-SWCNTs electrodes were optimized with various types of aqueous electrolytes including sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄), potassium chloride (KCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The electrochemical performance of the A-SWCNTs electrodes as a function of bending to 30° were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) measurements in 1 M H₂SO₄. The specific capacitance value of the unbent A-SWCNTs electrode was 67 F g^?1, which decreased to 63 F g^?1 (94% retention) after 1000 GCD cycles. Interestingly, the specific capacitance of the unbent A-SWCNTs electrode with application of the 1000 GCD cycles was retained even after 500 bending to 30° with 6000 GCD cycles.