介质加载复合光栅结构的色散特性研究

提出了一种用于Smith-Purcell器件的介质加载金属光栅周期慢波结构.通过采用本征函数法和单模近似法求解了介质加载金属光栅的"热"色散方程,在同步点得到了注-波互作用的一阶和二阶增长率,分析了光栅槽宽和槽深对色散特性的影响,并研究了电子注参数及其与光栅表面距离等主要参数对增长率特性的影响.结果表明:通过介质加载金属光栅有利于减弱色散,随着介质相对介电常数、槽宽度以及深度的增大,色散曲线变平缓且向低频区移动;当电子注参数变化时,一阶增长率曲线从整体上粗略地描述增长率变化趋势,二阶曲线则更精细地描述增长率相应值的变化.利用软件MAGIC对该结构的色散特性进行了二维模拟,模拟结果与理论计算值符合良好.     

基于场匹配法的双排矩形栅慢波结构高频特性研究

本文运用场匹配法对具有任意位错的双排矩形栅慢波结构的场分布、色散特性及耦合阻抗进行了研究．研究结果表明,场匹配法推导的色散特性与仿真软件CST和HFSS计算的结果完全一致,耦合阻抗介于CST和HFSS之间．在此基础上,详细研究了上下两排系统之间位错对色散特性及耦合阻抗的影响．当位错严格为半个周期时,第一阻带消失,第一个模式最高截止频率与第二个模式最低截止频率重叠,发生简并;当位错为0．45倍周期时,在保证耦合阻抗不变的情况下,基模的通带虽降低了2．8GHz,但阻带却增大了7．9GHz,从而可以有效避免简并及模式竞争的发生．     

太赫兹人工表面等离子体共面激发与高Q传感

本文提出使用单层光栅超表面结构耦合的方式实现太赫兹人工表面等离子体激元（SSP）共面激发,克服了通过介质耦合器在实际应用时需要反射测量等缺点。在单层金属结构上同时构造周期性光栅和太赫兹SSP复合结构,当太赫兹波垂直入射时,可实现光栅波矢和SSP波矢相匹配,激发SSP模式,在透射谱中可以产生高Q值谐振峰,其Q因子可以达到1 923。分析了结构参数对光栅耦合超表面透射谱以及色散特性的影响。基于该结构透射谱中的高Q谐振峰进行传感研究,在谐振中心频率为0.22 THz时,实现传感灵敏度为67 GHz/RIU。本文所提出的光栅耦合超表面复合结构仅使用单层超表面结构实现了太赫兹SSP模式的激发以及高Q传感,在诸多实际应用领域具有较大的研究潜力。     

等离子体填充金属光子晶体慢波结构色散特性研究

等离子体填充慢波器件为高效率、高功率真空电子微波源的发展提供了新的途径, 但其仿真和理论都具有一定的难度. 本文将通过轮辐天线加载激励信号的方法引入到等离子体填充金属光子晶体慢波结构(SWS)的色散特性仿真分析中, 研究了慢波结构参数和等离子体密度对等离子体填充慢波结构色散特性的影响. 结果表明, 无等离子体填充时, 通过轮辐天线加载激励信号方式得到的色散特性与其他方法差别不大; 与已有结果对比表明, 该方法适用于等离子体填充慢波结构的分析. 为了减小轮辐天线对腔体谐振频率的影响, 需要适当减薄轮辐天线的厚度, 并尽可能缩短其与反射面之间的距离. 天线的厚度越大越能激励慢波场, 越小谐振模式越容易被激励; 慢波结构周期膜片外半径和厚度对色散特性影响不大, 周期长度和膜片内半径对色散特性影响较大; 频率和相速色散曲线随等离子体密度上升而整体向高频区移动; 等离子体填充对低频模点的影响要大于对高频模点的影响; 对于慢波器件, 需要选择高频模点工作模式, 以减少腔的尺寸并降低电子注的初速度.     

阶梯槽交错双栅慢波结构高频特性理论和模拟

本文基于一种阶梯槽交错双栅周期慢波结构模型,获得了该结构中的电磁场分布公式.通过场匹配方法,求出了该结构的高频色散方程和耦合阻抗表达式.以W波段行波管用的阶梯槽交错双栅为例,利用本文公式和CST-MWS电磁软件比较计算了色散和耦合阻抗特性,分析了阶梯尺寸参数对高频特性(基模色散、+1次空间谐波归一化相速和耦合阻抗)的影响.结果表明,理论和CST-MWS软件模拟有很好的一致性;相对矩形交错双栅,改善了色散特性,拓展了基模带宽,同时具有足够大的耦合阻抗和适合工程应用的机械强度,在一定程度上可以弥补矩形交错双栅周期慢波结构的不足.     

基于Comsol仿真的周期性微纳米光栅结构研究

为了直观描述光栅中电磁场复杂的空间分布,利用Comsol多物理场软件进行严格耦合波分析,对周期性微纳米光栅结构进行建模,生动清晰地呈现出光栅衍射的光强分布并计算其透反射率.通过改变光栅常数、入射波长参数得出相应衍射图样、强度分布及透射率,利用衍射率最佳的参数进一步分析金属银光栅对光栅衍射强度分布的影响,得到了基于表面等离子体激元(surface plasmon polartions, SPPs)增强的衍射效应;通过改变银栅高度得到波导光栅,光栅缝隙之间呈现出周期性场增强现象,并对其基于光波导耦合效应做出解释,为衍射光栅的优化设计和应用提供了理论指导.     

一维金属光栅的光学反射吸收

利用RCWA(rigid coupled-wave analysis)方法研究了一维金属光栅的反射特性,考察了 瑞利反常、表面等离激元驻波共振和几何共振三种共振吸收机理,分析了这三种机理的相互作用,如表面等离激元驻波共振和几何共振可以形成混合模式. 在反射式复合金属光栅中,确认了第四种共振形式,即相位共振. 数值计算表明相位共振对光学吸收的影响有两种形式: 当光栅周期大于一个波长时,相位共振导致尖锐的吸收峰,峰位在几何共振吸收峰一侧;当光栅周期小于一个波长时,相位共振导致混合模式的共振吸收峰发生劈裂. 对一维金属光栅反射特性的研究增加了对金属光栅共振吸收模式及其相互作用的认识. 关键词： 一维金属光栅 瑞利反常 表面等离激元 相位共振     

TE0导模干涉刻写周期可调亚波长光栅理论研究

通过棱镜耦合激发非对称金属包覆介质波导结构中的TE₀导波模式, 利用两束TE₀模的干涉从理论上实现了周期可调的亚波长光栅刻写. 分析了TE₀模式的色散关系, 刻写亚波长光栅的周期与激发光源、棱镜折射率、光刻胶薄膜厚度及折射率之间的关系. 用有限元方法数值模拟了金属薄膜、光刻胶薄膜和空气多层结构中TE₀导模的干涉场分布. 研究发现, 激发光源波长越短, TE₀ 模干涉刻写的亚波长光栅周期越小; 光刻胶越厚, 刻写的亚波长光栅周期越小; 高折射率光刻胶有利于更小周期亚波长光栅的刻写. 相较于表面等离子体干涉光刻, 基于TE₀ 模的干涉可在厚光刻胶条件下通过改变激发光源、棱镜折射率、光刻胶材料折射率、特别是光刻胶薄膜的厚度等多种方式实现对亚波长光栅周期的有效调控.     

介质填充浅槽周期结构表面上的太赫兹表面等离子体激元

通过在金属表面刻成浅的垂直凹槽,并在槽内填充不同的介质,对金属表面浅槽周期结构上传播的表面等离子体激元的色散特性与填充介质的关系进行了研究.研究表明通过在周期凹槽内填充介质可以有效降低人工表面等离子体激元的渐近频率,并增强金属表面对电磁场的约束.分析了太赫兹波段金属的吸收损耗对人工表面等离子体激元特性的影响,结果显示基于填充介质的浅槽周期表面结构可以获得长距离传输以及场的亚波长约束.通过对波传输的数值仿真,验证了该表面结构在太赫兹波段良好的导波能力.这种表面结构对太赫兹波段新型集成导波器件的设计具有参考价值.     

介质填充浅槽周期结构表面上的太赫兹表面等离子体激元

通过在金属表面刻成浅的垂直凹槽,并在槽内填充不同的介质,对金属表面浅槽周期结构上传播的表面等离子体激元的色散特性与填充介质的关系进行了研究.研究表明通过在周期凹槽内填充介质可以有效降低人工表面等离子体激元的渐近频率,并增强金属表面对电磁场的约束.分析了太赫兹波段金属的吸收损耗对人工表面等离子体激元特性的影响,结果显示基于填充介质的浅槽周期表面结构可以获得长距离传输以及场的亚波长约束.通过对波传输的数值仿真,验证了该表面结构在太赫兹波段良好的导波能力.这种表面结构对太赫兹波段新型集成导波器件的设计具有参考价值.     

金属光栅对表面等离子体波的辐射抑制研究

对金属光栅进行严格耦合波理论计算, 得到了780和1500 nm波长入射光条件下不同光栅调制深度(20-80 nm)对应的反射谱. 根据Fano理论推导了描述反射谱线的经验公式, 最后应用有限元法计算光栅表面近场电场分布, 验证了公式的正确性. 反射谱线公式反映出光栅耦合表面等离子体的各个物理效应, 其中最重要的是反映出光栅在某一调制深度下对表面等离子体反耦合的抑制作用, 这一发现为设计光栅能量约束器件提供了物理依据.     

矩形截面固体波导中弹性导波模式的板波叠加解

参照板中兰姆波模式的子波叠加解求解了矩形截面固体波导中弹性导波的模式。其中子波设定为横向满足自由边界反射条件、纵向波数分量相同的各板波模式。假设声场的完备性,利用子波模式的正交性,结合矩形截面的几何对称性可以得到4组独立导波特征方程用于频散曲线以及导波模式计算,其计算结果与有限元法计算结果相符。研究以解析模型表明:矩形截面固体波导中的导波是其内部以一定纵向波数分量斜向传播的板波模式在两个自由侧面上经过反复反射与模式转化后,横向耦合谐振而形成的。      

Thermally driven sensitive surface phonon polariton modes in thin-film SiC

The results of this work show that significant changes to the spectral properties of thermal emission may be accomplished by taking advantage of surface phonon polariton (SPP) modes that are very sensitive to small refractive index changes. Surface phonon polaritons are interface restricted wave modes that do not usually participate in thermal radiative energy exchange. In this work, the possibility of varying the spectral properties by using a thin-film surface active material, layered between dielectrics, is explored. Unlike surface gratings, the multilayered structure discussed in this work couples the surface modes into radiative modes using subtle changes in refractive index. The proposed multilayer effect is studied by first developing the SPP mode dispersion relation to identify the spectral location of the surface modes. The relationship between SPP coupling and refractive index change is then developed. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem and an impedance boundary condition is used to theoretically show how thermal radiation can excite SPP modes. Results are then presented that show how film thickness and substrate properties act to support SPP modes that are particularly sensitive to changes in refractive index and therefore offers opportunities for dramatic changes to the spectral properties.     

Anomalous transmission of terahertz wave through one-dimensional lamellar metallic grating

The anomalous transmission through one-dimensional lamellar metallic gratings was investigated in terahertz (THz) regime. The extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) is identified to originate from two possible ways: coupling of incident light with waveguide resonances and coupling of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at the upper and lower interfaces of metal grating. The dual effects of SPPs have been clarified in this study: (i) the excitation of SPP modes at each individual interface results in the weakness of the THz wave transmission; and (ii) the coupling of SPP modes at two interfaces of metal grating is attributed to enhancement of THz wave transmission. The enhanced transmission is dominated by the coupling of incident light with transverse waveguide resonances. Numerical simulation based on finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) agrees well with experimental results.     

Guided waves in elastic rectangular bars:A solution using partial plate mode decomposition

Similar to Auld's solution for Lamb waves,the wave modes in elastic rectangular bar are solved by partial wave decomposition method.The partial waves are composed of plate modes with the same wavenumber component in waveguide longitudinal direction,thus free boundary conditions on one pair of opposite surfaces are automatically satisfied.Based on completeness assumption and orthogonality of the plate modes,four independent eigenequations are eventually derived for dispersion curve and mode shape investigation.Numerical evaluation shows the calculated results are in consistent with the FEM results.It is then verified that the plate modes which obliquely bounced back and forth between the two opposite surfaces compose the guided modes traveling in the rectangular waveguides with certain wave numbers in transversely resonant cases.     

Extraordinary optical transmission through metal gratings with single and double grooved surfaces

We investigate the transmission properties of a normally incident TM plane wave through metal films with periodic parabolic-shaped grooves on single and double surfaces using the finite-difference-time-domain method. Nearly zero transmission efficiency is found at wavelengths corresponding to surface plasmon excitation on a flat surface in the case where the single surface is grooved. Meanwhile, resonant excitation of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) Bloch modes leads to a strong transmission peak at slightly larger wavelengths. When the grating is grooved on double surfaces, the transmission enhancement can be dramatically improved due to the resonant tunnelling between SPP Bloch modes.     

分层固体板中导波的激发与频散特性

针对无限大弹性分层固体板,研究了结构中导波的频散和激发特性。首先使用传递矩阵法推导分层板模型中导波的频散方程,然后用二分法求取导波各模式的频散曲线,进而分析结构中导波的频散特性。结果表明:在速度递增或递减的分层板中,基阶模式和高阶模式的高频极限分别等于低速层的瑞利波速和横波波速。对于含低速夹层的分层板,所有模式的高频极限都等于低速层的横波速度。在导波激发特性方面,研究了在具有一定宽度的法向力源作用下的分层板中导波各模式在结构中的法向位移谱。发现在速度递增的分层板结构中基阶模式是主导模式,而对于速度递减和含低速夹层模型,主导模式在不同的频段范围内对应不同的导波模式。      

Propagation of surface plasmon polaritons in anisotropic MIM and IMI structures

Electromagnetic wave propagation through waveguide structures consisting of anisotropic dielectric layers, assisted by surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) is theoretically studied. Dispersion relations corresponding to both short range and long range coupled SPP modes in metal/insulator/metal (MIM) and insulator/metal/insulator (IMI) structures, taking into consideration the anisotropy of the insulator, are derived and numerically solved. The dispersion has a prominent dependence on the anisotropy of the dielectric environment. The dependence of propagation on the misalignments of the optic axes of the insulator has also been investigated.     

Surface plasmon-polaritons wave fields in the vicinity of a metallic nanohole

It is shown that metal surface with a nanohole can support surface plasmon-polaritons (SPP), whose wave fields are described by Hankel functions. These plasmons can be excited by an electromagnetic wave incident at the metal surface. The optical transmission through subwavelength holes in metal films can essentially be enhanced by interaction of the incident light with surface plasmons. Dependence of excitation of the wave field of SPP on the incidence angle and on the wavelength of incident light is considered.     

Effects of shape of terminus on excitation of surface plasmon modes on metal nanowires

The effects of the shape of a nanowire terminus on the excited surface plasmon polariton （SPP） modes are investigated. The conical terminus and terminus cut at a certain angle are studied. For the first time, the quantitative mode decompositions are carried out to derive the full information about excited SPP modes. It is demonstrated that tuning the shape of the terminus provides an effective method to control the composition of excited SPP modes on metal nanowires. It is especially found that some important patterns, such as the pure TM0 mode and the superposition of TM0 and HE＋1 or HE-1 modes, can be generated by some specific shapes of the terminus, whereas there is no way to produce these patterns using flat-end nanowires.