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烷基磷(膦)酸萃取剂钠盐与非离子表面活性剂AEO9混合体系胶团的… 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文研究了烷基磷(膦)酸萃取剂钠盐NaEHEHP,NaDTMPP,Na2(MEHP)与非离子表面活性剂AEO9以不同比例复配后水溶液胶团的形成及分子间的相互作用结果表明混合胶团的形成使CMC大大降低,分子间在胶团中的相互中弱为,Na2(MEHP)体系〉NaDTMPP体系〉NaEHEHP体系,分子间在表面层的作用小于同体系分子间在胶团中的相互作用,这一结果有利于混合胶团的形成。 相似文献
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非富勒烯太阳能电池具有给受体能级可调、吸收范围宽及可溶液加工等优势,已经成为太阳能电池领域发展趋势。在高性能材料开发及器件结构优化的推动下,能量转换效率已经突破11%。其中,苝二酰亚胺(PDI)类分子价格低廉且具有良好的稳定性及较高的电子迁移率,已经发展成为重要的非富勒烯受体材料。然而,PDI类材料刚性稠环结构使得分子间具有强烈的π-π相互作用(受体-受体分子间及给体-受体分子间),导致共混体系相分离尺寸可控性差,给受体分子间共混程度难于调控,从而发生严重的成对以及非成对电荷复合。本文从分子间作用力入手(溶剂-溶质、给体-受体分子间作用力)详述了非富勒烯共混体系相分离结构、相区尺寸及共混相含量调节的相关原理及方法。研究表明基于PDI共混体系,固-液相分离及分子扩散能力是决定相分离结构的本质因素,通过调控给受体比例及热退火温度实现了孤岛及互穿网络结构的构筑。同时,通过平衡受体分子间π-π作用及给受体间电荷转移,实现了低相容性及高相容性共混体系相区尺寸的可控调节。在此基础上,利用添加剂手段通过调节溶剂与溶质分子间的溶度参数差值,实现了薄膜内共混相的可控调节,并针对具有不同相容性共混体系给出了添加剂的选择原则。 相似文献
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实体分散体系及高分子体系的结构力学性质是与这些物质中的分子间相互作用直接相关的,尤其是体系中结构组元卽微晶体,胶胞及巨分子的构造特点及热运动,体系中这些组元间的相互作用以及它们和分散介质间的相互作用。因此,结构-力学性质表示 相似文献
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离聚物共混体系在溶液中分子间缔合的粘度研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了磺化聚苯乙烯离聚体/聚(苯乙烯 4 乙烯吡啶)共混体系、磺化聚苯醚离聚体/聚(苯乙烯 4 乙烯吡啶)共混体系和磺化聚苯醚离聚体/胺化聚苯醚共混体系在氯仿/甲醇混合溶剂中的粘度行为,结果表明,和它们分别对应的不含离子基的共混物相比,这三个共混体系都表现出较高的比浓粘度.这是由于体系中的酸基及其盐和含氮碱基的引入,在共混组分间产生了强烈的离子相互作用,从而导致分子间的缔合,使比浓粘度提高.并讨论了溶剂体系、功能基种类及共混组分的主链结构等因素对这种分子间缔合作用的影响. 相似文献
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丙烯酸乙酯60Co辐照下形成的过氧化物及其引发活性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
聚己内酯(PCL)中加入与其有一定混溶性的非晶组分乙基纤维素(EC),可明显影响其长环带状晶的行为,表明具有低湿溶性及某种分子间相互作用的二元共混体系PCL/EC仍能在一定温度范围内形成环带球晶;良好的混溶性,强的分子间相互作用并非是一二元共混体系中PLC长环带球晶不可缺少的因素。通过偏光显微镜发现PCL的加入有利于乙基纤维素/二氯乙酸溶液中液晶相的形成,用Flory关于棒状分子-无规线团-溶剂三 相似文献
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聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮修饰多壁碳纳米管的研究 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
采用超声波辅助技术,研究了两亲性聚合物聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)修饰多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)的效果、作用机理及影响因素.研究结果表明在适合的条件下两亲性聚合物PVP可以被引入到多壁碳纳米管表面,修饰后的MWNTs在DMF、乙醇和水等溶剂中具有良好的分散性.通过红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)分析表明,两亲性聚合物与MWNTs之间产生了化学接枝作用,高分辨透射电镜分析表明两亲性聚合物不均匀地存在于MWNTs的表面和端部.两亲性聚合物的浓度对接枝量的影响不大,但超声波作用时间对MWNTs表面两亲性聚合物PVP的接枝量有较大的影响,在超声时间为4h时接枝量最大.两亲性聚合物修饰效果不同于表面活性剂,采用表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)修饰的MWNTs经过洗涤过滤后,不能重新溶于水中,而两亲性聚合物PVP修饰的MWNTs可以重新溶解. 相似文献
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含核酸碱基的双亲聚合物纳米球的制备及性能 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
设计并合成了含有核酸碱基腺嘌呤的双亲聚合物, 聚[聚乙二醇600-5-氧-(6-腺嘌呤代己烷基)-异酞酸酯](PPEAHI), 研究了其在水溶液中的自组织行为, SEM观测了该聚合物在水溶液中的聚集形态, 表明PPEAHI在水溶液中自组织成纳米球. 将纳米球水溶液冻干后, 用FTIR研究了PPEAHI聚合物上的腺嘌呤与底物胸腺嘧啶间的相互作用, 结果表明受体与底物的互补基团间形成了氢键, 发生了分子识别, 并用变温红外光谱进一步证实了氢键的形成. 相似文献
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Hybrid films of a layered silicate and an amphiphilic alkylammonium (hexadecyltrimethylammonium) cation have been prepared by Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) method and transferred onto a polyamide surface by dip coating. This is the first time that stable LB hybrid monolayer and multilayer films have been formed on rough polymeric surfaces. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and water contact angle measurements. XRD and FTIR showed that the hybrid multilayer was well-organized and the thickness of one layer was calculated to be 1.6 nm. Furthermore, the layered silicate was determined to be on the substrate side and the amphiphilic molecule layer was exposed to the air side. This provides a novel methodology for the surface modification of polymers. 相似文献
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合成了具有两亲性结构的可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)试剂,在RAFT试剂的作用下,通过无皂乳液聚合方法合成了丙烯酸六氟丁酯与苯乙烯的共聚物.研究了RAFT试剂浓度和聚合温度对聚合动力学、聚合反应可控性及乳胶粒粒径的影响.通过红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振谱(1H NMR)、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、凝胶渗透色谱仪(GP... 相似文献
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Shurun Li Jianping Deng Wantai Yang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(4):936-942
The amphiphilic poly(AM‐co‐SA)‐ITXH macrophotoinitiator was synthesized by precipitation photopolymerization under UV irradiation with isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) as free radical photoinitiator. A novel method has been developed to prepare amphiphilic core‐shell polymer nanospheres via photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in aqueous media, with amphiphilic copolymer macrophotoinitiator poly(AM‐co‐SA)‐ITXH. During polymerization, the amphiphilic macroradicals underwent in situ self‐assembly to form polymeric micelles, which promoted the emulsion polymerization of the monomer. Thus, amphiphilic core‐shell nanospheres ranging from 70 to 140 nm in diameter were produced in the absence of surfactant. The conversion of the monomer, number average molecular weights (Mn), and particle size were found to be highly dependent on the macrophotoinitiator and monomer concentration. The macrophotoinitiator and amphiphilic particles were characterized by FTIR, UV‐vis, 1H NMR, TEM, DSC, and contact angle measurements. The results showed the particles had well‐defined amphiphilic core‐shell structure. This new method is scientifically and technologically significant because it provides a commercially viable route to a wide variety of novel amphiphilic core‐shell nanospheres. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 936–942, 2010 相似文献
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LI Cong-wu PAN ang YANG Ji-hua BAI Yu-hai TIAN Yan-qing XU Wei-qing ZHAO Bing ZHAO Ying-ying LI Tie-jin WANG Yan 《高等学校化学学报》1995,16(Z1):237
The stable monolayer from the preformed amphiphilic liquid crystalline polymer (PMPE) can be obtained on the air-water interface, the monolayer can be transferred onto solid substrates in Y-type film. The spectroscopic characteristics are investigated using UV-Vis and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. Polarized UV-Vis and FTIR spectra show that the LB film assembly is packed in an ordering way. 相似文献
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采用溶液缩聚方法,制得含酪氨酸烷基酯的聚磷酸酯,再通过大分子反应分别得到主链带正、负电荷的聚磷酸酯,研究了这三类聚磷酸酯的体外降解行为,并对它们作为蛋白质的控制释放材料的性能进行了初步评价。 相似文献
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Shijun Feng Yangen Huang Qiang Wang Feng‐Ling Qing 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2011,43(4):770-776
A series of novel amphiphilic alkanethiols used for preparation of nonbiofouling surfaces have been synthesized and characterized. Surface properties of the resultant self assembled layers have been studied by multiple characterization techniques, such as XPS, Grazing angle infrared spectroscopy (GA‐FTIR) and contact angle measurements. The antifouling performance of surfaces grafted with terminally fluorinated alkanethiols were assayed employing the fouling diatom Nitzschia and ubiquitous Staphylococcus aureus. The results indicated that amphiphilic alkanethiol‐grafted surfaces could effectively reduce the bacterial adhesion and settlement of the fouling diatom. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献