工作气压对磁控溅射ZnO薄膜结晶特性及生长行为的影响

采用射频反应磁控溅射方法，在Si(001)基片上制备了具有高c轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜.利用原子力显微镜、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和透射光谱分析技术，对不同工作气压下合成的ZnO薄膜的表面形貌、微观结构和光学性能进行表征，研究了工作气压对ZnO薄膜的结晶性能以及生长行为的影响.研究结果显示：对于Ar/O₂流量比例接近1∶1的固定比值下，ZnO薄膜的生长行为主要取决于成膜空间中氧的密度，临界工作气压介于0.5—1.0 Pa之间.当工作气压小于临界值时，ZnO薄膜的成核密度较高，且随工作气压的变化明显，ZnO的生长行为受控于氧的密度，属于氧支配的薄膜生长；当工作气压大于临界值以后，ZnO薄膜的成核密度基本保持不变，Zn原子的数量决定薄膜的生长速率；在0.1—5.0 Pa的工作气压范围内，均可获得高度c轴取向的ZnO薄膜，但工作气压的变化改变着ZnO晶粒之间的界面特征和取向关系.随着工作气压的增加，ZnO晶粒之间的界面失配缺陷减少，但平面织构特征逐渐消失，三叉晶界的空洞逐渐扩大，薄膜的密度下降，折射率减小. 关键词： ZnO薄膜 磁控溅射 表面形貌 微观结构 光学性能     

沉积温度对硫化锌(ZnS)薄膜的结晶和光学特性影响研究

对不同温度下沉积的ZnS薄膜的结晶情况和光学特性进行了研究, 结果表明：沉积温度对ZnS薄膜的物理和光学特性有较大影响, 不同的温度沉积的ZnS薄膜具有不同的择优取向, 牢固度也大不相同; 不同沉积温度下, ZnS薄膜的光学常数也不尽相同. 温度为115 ℃和155 ℃时, ZnS薄膜的物理性能和光学性能较差, 不适合空间用光学薄膜的研制使用. 而190 ℃和230 ℃沉积温度下所得薄膜具有较好的物理和光学性能, 适合于不同要求的空间用薄膜器件的研制使用. 关键词： 硫化锌薄膜 沉积温度 表面形貌 光学常数     

射频磁控溅射ZnO薄膜的结构和光学特性

采用射频（RF）反应磁控溅射法在n-Si(001)衬底上外延生长ZnO薄膜。XRD谱测量显示出较强的（002）衍射峰，表明ZnO薄膜为c轴择优取向生长的。室温PL谱测量观察到了较强的紫外光发射和深能级发射。     

电化学沉积高c轴取向ZnO薄膜及其光学性能分析

采用阴极还原方法,在透明导电玻璃(ITO)上制备了高c轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等表征技术,研究了沉积电流对ZnO薄膜的结构、应力状态及表面形貌的影响;利用光致荧光光谱及透射光谱等分析方法,探讨了沉积电流变化对ZnO薄膜的光学性能的影响.研究结果显示:各沉积电流下均可制得高c轴取向的ZnO薄膜;薄膜表面形貌受电流的影响较大;从透射谱可以看出,薄膜在可见光波段有较高透射率,且薄膜厚度随沉积电流的增大而增大.光致荧光测量表明,电化学沉积的ZnO薄膜具有明显的带隙展宽.而且,随着沉积电流的增加,带隙发光强度逐渐减弱,缺陷发光逐渐增强.     

氧分压对磁控溅射制备ZnO薄膜的结构及光学特性的影响

采用射频反应磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上成功制备出具有c轴高择优取向的ZnO薄膜,利用X射线衍射及紫外-可见吸收和透射光谱研究了氧分压变化对ZnO薄膜的微观结构及光吸收特性的影响。结果表明,当工作气压恒定时,用射频反应磁控溅射制备的ZnO薄膜的生长行为主要取决于成膜空间中氧的密度,合适的氧分压能够提高ZnO薄膜的结晶质量;薄膜在可见光区的平均透过率达到90%以上,且随着氧分压的增大,薄膜的光学带隙发生了一定程度的变化。采用量子限域模型对薄膜的光学带隙作了相应的理论计算,计算结果与对样品吸收谱所作的拟合结果符合较好,二者的变化趋势完全一致,表明ZnO纳米晶粒较小时,薄膜光学带隙的变化与量子限域效应有很大关系。     

氧分压对Mg掺杂ZnO薄膜结晶质量和光学特性的影响

利用脉冲激光沉积技术,通过改变沉积过程中的氧气压力,在蓝宝石(0001)基片上制备了一系列ZnMgO合金.通过X射线衍射、反射和透射光谱以及室温和变温荧光光谱,对薄膜的结构和光学性能进行了系统地表征,分析了工作气压对ZnMgO合金薄膜的结晶质量及光学特性的影响.研究结果表明:随着沉积环境中氧气压力的增大,ZnMgO薄膜的结晶质量下降,富氧环境下,与蓝宝石晶格平行的ZnO晶粒的出现是导致薄膜结晶质量下降的主要原因;相对于本征ZnO,不同氧气环境下沉积的ZnMgO薄膜的紫外荧光峰均出现了不同程度的蓝移.随着工 关键词： ZnO Mg掺杂 脉冲激光沉积 薄膜生长 光学特性     

电化学沉积高c轴取向ZnO薄膜及其光学性能分析

采用阴极还原方法，在透明导电玻璃(ITO)上制备了高c轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等表征技术，研究了沉积电流对ZnO薄膜的结构、应力状态及表面形貌的影响；利用光致荧光光谱及透射光谱等分析方法，探讨了沉积电流变化对ZnO薄膜的光学性能的影响.研究结果显示：各沉积电流下均可制得高c轴取向的ZnO薄膜；薄膜表面形貌受电流的影响较大；从透射谱可以看出，薄膜在可见光波段有较高透射率，且薄膜厚度随沉积电流的增大而增大.光致荧光测量表明，电化学沉积的ZnO薄膜具有明显的带隙展宽.而且，随着沉积电流的增加，带隙发光强度逐渐减弱，缺陷发光逐渐增强.     

衬底温度对非极性ZnO薄膜结晶性能和发光特性的影响

采用金属有机化学汽相沉积(MOCVD)设备在LiGaO2(100)衬底上制备了结晶性能良好的非极性ZnO薄膜.研究了衬底温度对ZnO薄膜结晶性能的影响.X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果表明在衬底温度为500℃时可以获得高质量的(1100)晶面取向的非极性ZnO薄膜.采用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察ZnO薄膜的表面形貌及晶体尺...     

MOCVD法生长ZnO薄膜的结构及光学特性

采用MOCVD方法在c Al2 O3衬底上生长出了具有单一c轴取向的ZnO薄膜 ,采用X射线衍射 (XRD)、Raman散射、X射线光电子能谱 (XPS)及光致发光 (PL)谱等方法对ZnO薄膜的结构及光学特性进行分析测试。XRD分析只观察到ZnO薄膜 (0 0 0 2 )衍射峰 ,其FWHM数值为 0 1 84°。Raman散射谱中 ,4 35 32cm- 1 处喇曼峰为ZnO的E2 (high)振动模 ,A1 (LO)振动模位于 5 75 32cm- 1 处。XPS分析表明 :ZnO薄膜表面易吸附游离态氧 ,刻蚀后ZnO薄膜O1s光电子能谱峰位于 5 30 2eV ,更接近Zn—O键中O1s电子结合能 (5 30 4eV)。PL谱中 ,在3 2 8eV处观察到了自由激子发射峰 ,而深能级跃迁峰位于 2 5 5eV ,二者峰强比值为 4 0∶1 ,表明生长的ZnO薄膜具有较高的光学质量     

Ni掺杂ZnO薄膜的结构与光学特性研究

使用射频磁控溅射法成功制备了不同掺杂浓度（0—7at.%）的ZnO:Ni薄膜.X射线衍射的θ-2θ和摇摆曲线扫描结果表明,5at.%Ni掺杂ZnO薄膜具有沿c轴方向最佳的择优取向生长特性,（002）衍射峰向大角度方向移动揭示了Ni杂质被掺入ZnO晶格中占据Zn位.ZnO:Ni薄膜具有较好的可见光透明特性,拟合发现薄膜的光学带隙随Ni掺杂量的增加由3.272 eV线性降低到3.253 eV.未掺杂薄膜在550 nm处呈现出一个绿色发光峰,掺入Ni杂质后薄膜主要表现了以430 nm为中心的蓝色发光,分析认为它们分别源于薄膜中O空位和Zn填隙缺陷发光. 关键词： ZnO:Ni薄膜 结构特性 光学带隙 光致发光     

衬底温度对反应磁控溅射W掺杂ZnO薄膜的微观结构及光电性能的影响

采用直流脉冲反应磁控溅射方法生长W掺杂ZnO（WZO）透明导电氧化物薄膜并研究了衬底温度对薄膜微观结构、组分、表面形貌以及光电性能的影响.实验结果表明,WZO薄膜具有良好的（002）晶面择优取向,且适当的衬底温度是制备优质WZO薄膜的关键因素.随着衬底温度升高,薄膜表面粗糙度先增大后减小;衬底温度较高时,薄膜的结构致密,结晶质量好,电子迁移率高.当衬底温度为325℃时,WZO薄膜获得最低电阻率9.25×10^-3Ω·cm,方块电阻为56.24Ω/□,迁移率为11.8 cm² V^-1·s^-1,其在可见光及近红外区域（400—1500 nm）范围的平均透过率达到85.7%.     

Effect of substrate temperature on microstructure and optical properties of single-phased Ag20 film deposited by using radio-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering method

Using a radio-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering technique, a series of the single-phased Ag20 films are deposited in a mixture of oxygen and argon gas with a flow ratio of 2：3 by changing substrate temperature （Ts）. Effects of the Ts on the microstructure and optical properties of the films are investigated by using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometry. The single-phased Ag20 films deposited at values of Ts below 200℃ are （111） preferentially oriented, which may be due to the smallest free energy of the （111） crystalline face. The film crystallization becomes poor as the value of Ts increases from 100℃ to 225℃. In particular, the Ag20 film deposited at Ts=225℃ loses the （111） preferential orientation. Correspondingly, the film surface morphology obviously evolves from a uniform and compact surface structure to a loose and gullied surface structure. With the increase of Ts value, the transmissivity and the reflectivity of the films in the transparent region are gradually reduced, while the absorptivity gradually increases, which may be attributed to an evolution of the crystalline structure and the surface morphology of the films.     

反应气压对直流磁控反应溅射制备的氧化银薄膜的结构和光学性质的影响

利用直流磁控反应溅射技术,通过调节反应气压(RP),在250 ℃衬底温度下制备了一系列氧化银 (Ag_xO) 薄膜,并利用X射线衍射谱、能量色散谱和分光光度计重点研究了RP对Ag_xO薄膜的结构和光学性质的影响. 研究结果表明,随着RP从0.5 Pa升高到3.5 Pa,薄膜明显呈现了从两相(AgO+Ag₂O)到单相(Ag₂O)结构再到两相(Ag₂O+AgO)结构的演变. 特 关键词： 氧化银薄膜 直流磁控反应溅射 X射线衍射谱 光学性质     

Effects of the sputtering power on the crystalline structure and optical properties of the silver oxide films deposited using direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering

This paper reports that a series of silver oxide (Ag_xO) films are deposited on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 250 oC and an oxygen flux ratio of 15:18 by modifying the sputtering power (SP). The Ag_xO films deposited apparently show a structural evolution from cubic biphased (AgO + Ag₂O) to cubic single-phased (Ag₂O), and to biphased (Ag₂O + AgO) structure. Notably, the cubic single-phased Ag₂O film is deposited at the SP = 105 W and an AgO phase with <220> orientation discerned in the Ag_xO films deposited using the SP > 105 W. The transmissivity and reflectivity of the Ag_xO films in transparent region decrease with the increase the SP, whereas the absorptivity inversely increases with the increase of the SP. These results may be due to the structural evolution and the increasing film thickness. A redshift of the films' absorption edges determined in terms of Tauc formula clearly occurs from 3.1 eV to 2.73 eV with the increase of the SP.     

Evolution of the structural and optical properties of silver oxide films with different stoichiometries deposited by direct-current magnetron reactive sputtering

Nitrogen doping of silver oxide(AgxO) film is necessary for its application in transparent conductive film and diodes because intrinsic AgxO film is a p-type semiconductor with poor conductivity.In this work,a series of AgxO films is deposited on glass substrates by direct-current magnetron reactive sputtering at different flow ratios(FRs) of nitrogen to O2.Evolutions of the structure,the reflectivity,and the transmissivity of the film are studied by X-ray diffractometry and sphectrophotometry,respectively.The specular transmissivity and the specular reflectivity of the film decreasing with FR increasing can be attributed to the evolution of the phase structure of the film.The nitrogen does not play the role of an acceptor dopant in the film deposition.     

磁控溅射法制备钴掺杂氧化锌薄膜室温磁学性质

钴掺杂氧化锌是室温稀磁半导体的重要候选材料,其磁学特性和钴掺杂浓度、显微结构及光学性质密切相关。磁控溅射具有成本低、易于大面积沉积高质量薄膜等特点,是广受关注的稀磁半导体薄膜制备方法。利用磁控溅射方法制备了不同浓度的钴掺杂氧化锌薄膜,并对其显微结构、光学性质和磁学特性进行了系统分析。结果表明：当掺杂原子分数在8%以内时,钴掺杂氧化锌薄膜保持单一的铅锌矿晶体结构,钴元素完全溶解在氧化锌晶格之中;薄膜在可见光区域有很高的透射率,但在567, 615和659 nm处有明显吸收峰,这些吸收峰源于Co2+处于O2-形成的四面体晶体场中的特征d-d跃迁。磁学特性测试结果表明钴掺杂氧化锌薄膜具有室温铁磁性,且钴的掺杂浓度对薄膜的磁学特性有重要影响。结合薄膜结构、光学和电学性质分析,实验中观察到的室温铁磁性应源于钴掺杂氧化锌薄膜的本征属性,其铁磁耦合机理可由束缚磁极化子模型进行解释。     

Influence of sputter-etching of substrate on the microstructural and optical properties of ZnO films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering

ZnO films were prepared using radio frequency magnetron sputtering on Si(1 1 1) substrates that were sputter-etched for different times ranging from 10 to 30 min. As the sputter-etching time of the substrate increases, both the size of ZnO grains and the root-mean-square (RMS) roughness decrease while the thickness of the ZnO films shows no obvious change. Meanwhile, the crystallinity and c-axis orientation are improved by increasing the sputter-etching time of the substrate. The major peaks at 99 and 438 cm⁻¹ are observed in Raman spectra of all prepared films and are identified as E₂(low) and E₂(high) modes, respectively. The Raman peak at 583 cm⁻¹ appears only in the films whose substrates were sputter-etched for 20 min and is assigned to E₁(LO) mode. Typical ZnO infrared vibration peak located at 410 cm⁻¹ is found in all FTIR spectra and is attributed to E₁(TO) phonon mode. The shoulder at about 382 cm⁻¹ appearing in the films whose substrates were sputter-etched for shorter time (10-20 min) originates from A₁(TO) phonon mode. The results of photoluminescence (PL) spectra reveal that the optical band gap (Eg) of the ZnO films increases from 3.10 eV to 3.23 eV with the increase of the sputter-etching time of the substrate.     

Si(001)基片上反应射频磁控溅射ZnO薄膜的两步生长方法

利用反应射频磁控溅射技术，采用两步生长方法制备了ZnO薄膜，探讨了基片刻蚀时间和低温过渡层沉积时间对ZnO薄膜生长行为的影响.研究结果表明，低温ZnO过渡层的沉积时间所导致的薄膜表面形貌的变化与过渡层在Si(001)表面的覆盖度有关.当低温过渡层尚未完全覆盖基片表面时，ZnO薄膜的表面岛尺度较小、表面粗糙度较大，薄膜应力较大；当低温过渡层完全覆盖Si(001)基片后，ZnO薄膜的表面岛尺度较大、表面粗糙度较小，薄膜应力较小.基片刻蚀时间对薄膜表面形貌的影响与低温过渡层的成核密度有关.随着刻蚀时间的增加，ZnO薄膜的表面粗糙度逐渐下降，表面形貌自仿射结构的关联长度逐渐减小. 关键词： ZnO薄膜 反应射频磁控溅射 两步生长 形貌分析     

Comparison of the optical properties of undoped and Ga-doped ZnO thin films deposited using RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature

The optical properties of undoped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films of various thicknesses were compared with those of Ga-doped (GZO) thin films. Transparent, high-quality undoped ZnO and GZO films were deposited successfully using radio-frequency (RF) sputtering at room temperature. The films were polycrystalline with a hexagonal structure and a strongly preferred orientation along the c-axis. The films had an average optical transmission >85% in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The undoped ZnO thin films were more transparent than the GZO thin films. In the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, ZnO film has higher quality than GZO as a result of decrease in the green emission intensity.