环丙烷衍生物在D2O离子体系中的H/D交换反应

在D2O化学反应气条件下研究了环丙烷衍生物的H/D交换反应特性.发现了三种新的产物离子[M+1]+、[M+2]+和[M+3]+.应用碰撞诱导碎裂(CID)技术研究了这些离子的碎裂反应特性.实验结果表明三种新的产物离子是由反应物与试剂离子之间发生H/D交换反应生成的.并获得了环丙烷衍生物结构中活泼氢位置及其数量的信息.     

环丙烷衍生物在CD3OD离子体系中的H/D交换反应

研究了环丙烷衍物生物在CD3OD离子体系中的H/D交换反应产物离子[M 1]^*,[M 2]^ 和[M 3]^*的碰撞诱民碎裂(CID)反应特征,实验结果表明这些产物离子是由反应物与试剂离子之间生H/D交换反应生成的,获得了环丙烷衍生物结构中活泼氢位置及其数量的信息.     

气相中双取代苯在丙酮离子体系中的加合反应研究

研究了11双取代苯在丙酮离子体系中的离子－分子反应特性及加合离子的碎裂反应特性,发现推电子基有利于加合反应的发生而吸电子基不利于加合反应的发生。双取代异构体的加合产物相对强度可以反映出它们取代基的位置及其性质的差异。邻苯二胺与乙酰基离子形成的加合离子在碎裂反应过程中可以发生与液相中胺的还原烷基化反应相类似的碎裂反应。     

贫电子环丙烷衍生物与2-巯基苯骈噻唑的反应研究

贫电子环丙烷衍生物1以精制四氢呋喃为溶剂, 与2-巯基苯骈噻唑(2)封管加热反应, 得到产物3和4. 产物3经IR, MS, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和元素分析等数据确定其结构为: (R)-β-取代-(R)-γ-(2-巯基)苯骈噻唑基-γ-对位取代苯基丁酸或(S)-β-取代-(S)-γ-(2-巯基)苯骈噻唑基-γ-对位取代苯基丁酸(3); 产物4通过IR, MS, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, 2D-NOESY谱和元素分析等数据确定其结构为: 反式-β-取代-γ-对位取代苯基-3-丁烯酸(4). 对生成产物的机理也进行了推测.     

手性金属催化剂在不对称环丙烷化反应中的应用进展

手性金属催化剂在不对称环丙烷化反应中的应用一直是不对称合成领域的一个热点。对三十多年来的这一领域的手性金属催化剂的发展作了详细的归纳和评述。     

H/Pt(111)体系的H-D交换反应和第一性原理计算研究

H2与Pt(111)表面之间的相互作用是Pt基催化剂催化加氢、催化脱氢和催化氢解等重要多相催化反应体系中的基元步骤.有关H2与Pt(111)之间的反应无论在实验和理论计算方面都开展了相当多的研究.热脱附谱(thermal desorption spectra,TDS),高分辨电子能量损失谱(high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy,HREELS),准弹性氦原子散射(quasielastic helium atom scattering,QHAS)和密度泛函理论(density function theory,DFT)等方法被广泛应用来研究H2在Pt(111)表面的解离,吸附,扩散和脱附等行为.然而有一些问题仍需要进一步的研究,特别是在Pt(111)表面吸附H原子(H(a))的覆盖度对其自身的表面化学性质的影响并没有系统的报道.我们结合Ha+Da交换反应和第一性原理计算系统研究了H/Pt(111)体系.TDS结果表明在较低H(a)覆盖度的时候只有单一H2脱附峰,位置在320K左右;随着覆盖度的增加,在245K又出现了一个新的H2脱附峰.两个H2脱附峰强度...     

贫电子环丙烷衍生物与苯硫酚的反应研究

顺-1乙酰基-2-对位取代苯基-6,6-二甲基-5,7-二氧-螺-[2,5]4,8-辛二酮(1a～ld)与苯硫酚(2)在封管中100℃反应得β-乙酰基-r-苯硫基-r-对位取代苯基丁酸苯硫酯(3a～3d),当反应物为1a时,还同时得到α-苯硫羰基-β-乙酰基-r-对甲苯基-r-丁酸内酯(4)。     

毛细管气相色谱手性固定相2,6-O-烯丙基-3-O-酰基-β-环糊精拆分环丙烷衍生物对映体

使用3种2,6-O-烯丙基-3-O-酰基-β-环糊精作为毛细管气相色谱手性固定相,对15对环丙烷衍生物对映异构体进行拆分,发现分离结果同固定相和溶质的结构与性质均有关。     

手性环丙烷类衍生物双水解转换的研究

具有四个新手性中心的螺环／环丙烷类化合物4在丙酮－12％HCl溶液中50℃下 发生双手性辅基－双水解转换反应，得到了手性环丙烷／双半缩醛类化合物，螺 [1-溴－4－羟基－5－氧杂－6－氧代双环[3.1.0]己烷－2，2′-(3′-亲核氧基－ 4′－羟基丁内酯）]（5），化学产率65％－79％，光学纯度ee≥98。通过元素分 析，[a]D^20,UV,IR,^1H NMR,^13C NMR,MS以及X射线四圆衍射测定，确认了它们的 化学结构、立体化学和绝对构型。该双半缩醛类化合物的合成方法学研究可为官能 团的转换，为某些复杂结构的手性化合物提供新的合成方法和途径。     

贫电子环丙烷衍生物与甲醇的反应

顺-1-呋喃乙酰基-2-对位取代苯基-6,6-二甲基-5,7-二氧-螺-[2,5]-4,8-辛二酮和顺-1-噻吩乙酰基-2-对位取代苯基-6,6-二甲基-5,7-二氧-螺-[2,5]-4,8-辛二酮与甲醇于封管中80℃反应72 h得到β-呋喃甲酰基-γ-甲氧基-γ-对取代苯基-丁酸甲酯及β-噻吩甲酰基-γ-甲氧基-γ-对取代苯基-丁酸甲酯,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,MS及APT。讨论了反应机理。     

Direct dynamics studies on the hydrogen abstraction reactions CF3O+CH4(CD4)→CF3OH(CF3OD)+CH3(CD3)

The dynamics properties of the hydrogen abstraction reaction CF₃O+CH₄→CF₃OH+CH₃ are studied by dual-level direct dynamics method. Optimization calculations are preformed by B3LYP and MP2 with the 6-311G(d,p) basis set, and the single-point calculations are done at the multi-coefficient correction method based on quadratic configuration interaction with single and double excitations (MC-QCISD) method. The rate constants are evaluated by canonical variational transition-state theory with a small-curvature tunneling correction over a wide range of temperature 200–2000 K. The agreement between theoretical and experimental rate constants is good in the measured temperature range. The calculated results show that the variational effect is small and almost neglected over the whole temperature range, whereas, the tunneling correction plays a role in the lower temperature range. The kinetic isotope effect for the reaction is ‘normal’. The value of k_H/k_D is 2.38 at room temperature and it decreases with the temperature increasing.     

Secondary kinetic isotope effects: Deuterium abstraction by chlorine atoms from the CD3 group in CD3CH2Cl,CD3CHDCl,and CD3CD2Cl

The occurrence and magnitude of secondary kinetic isotope effects in the gas phase has been determined for deuterium abstraction from the CD₃ group in CD₃CH₂Cl, CD₃CHDCl, and CD₃CD₂Cl by photochemically generated ground-state chlorine atoms. Over the temperature range 10–94°C a discernible “inverse” kinetic isotope effect is observed. Both the pre-exponential factors and activation energies decrease with deuterium substitution in the vicinal chloromethyl group. The opposing trends result in a net effect close to unity.     

准经典轨线方法对Ca+CD3Ⅰ→CaⅠ+CD3同位素效应的动力学研究

在扩展Lond-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato(LEPS)势能面上,采用准经典轨线方法对反应Ca+CD3I→CaI+CD3进行了动力学计算,并讨论了该反应的同位素效应.在同位素效应作用下,产物CaI的振动态分布向低振动态转移,反应体系的散射截面在低碰撞能和高碰撞能处有较小的变化.同时,受到反应物的质量因子变化的影响,产物转动取向值减少,产物转动取向增强.仅有产物的角分布受同位素效应的影响不明显.     

Crossed Molecular Beam Study of H+CH4 and H+CD4 Reactions: Vibrationally Excited CH3/CD3 Product Channels

We study the H+CH₄/CD₄→H₂/HD+CH₃/CD₃ reactions using the time sliced velocity map ion imaging technique. Ion images of the CH₃/CD₃ products were measured by the (2+1) resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization (REMPI) detection method. Besides the CH₃/CD₃ products in the ground state, ion images of the vibrationally excited CH₃/CD₃ products were also observed at two collision energies of 0.72 and 1.06 eV. It is shown that the angular distribution of the products CH₃/CD₃ in vibrationally excited states gradually vary from backward scattering to sideways scattering as the collision energy increases. Compared to the CH₃/CD₃ products in the ground state, the CH₃/CD₃ products in vibrationally excited states tend to be more sideways scattered, indicating that larger impact parameters play a more important role in the vibrationally excited product channels.     

The Reaction of Electron-Deficient Cyclopropane Derivatives with Aromatic Amines

Abstract

N-Aryl-trans,trans-α-carboxyl-β-benzoyl-γ-aryl-γ-butyrolactams were synthesized in high yields with high stereoselectivity by the reaction of electron-deficient cyclopropane derivatives, cis-1-benzoyl-2-aryl-6,6-dimethyl-5,7-dioxo-spiro-[2 (a) Zhang , J. ; Blazecka , P. G. ; Davidson , J. G. First direct reductive amination of mucochloric acid: A simple and efficient method for preparing highly functionalized α,β-unsaturated γ-butyrolactams . Org. Lett. 2003 , 5 , 553 – 556 ; (b) Sarma, K. D.; Zhang, J.; Curran, T. T. Novel synthons from mucochloric acid: The first use of α,β-dichloro-γ-butenolides and γ-butyrolactams for direct vinylogous aldol addition. J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3311–3318 . [Google Scholar] 5 (a) Chen , Y. L. ; Ding , W. Y. A simple approach to highly stereoselective synthesis of β γ-trans-γ-butyrolactones . Chem. J. Chin. Univ. 1998 , 19 , 1614 – 1616 ; (b) Chen, Y. L.; Ding, W. Y.; Cao, W. G.; Lu, C. Stereoselective synthesis of N-aryl-trans,trans-α-carboxyl-β-methoxycarbonyl-γ-aryl-γ-butyrolactones. Synth. Commun. 2002, 32, 1953–1960.  [Google Scholar]]-4,8-octadiones, with aromatic amines. The reaction mechanism was proposed.     

Kinetics of the reaction of OH radicals with CH3OH and CD3OD studied by laser photolysis coupled to high repetition rate laser induced fluorescence

A new experimental set-up coupling laser photolysis to a 10 kHz dye laser as the excitation source for OH fluorescence has been validated by measuring the rate constant of the reaction CH₃OH + OH. The rate constant of the deuterated homologue CD₃OD + OH has been measured under the same conditions.