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1.
对于求解大规模矩阵特征问题的经典正交投影类方法 ,当矩阵非Hermite时 ,Ritz向量收敛比Ritz值收敛要困难得多 .已有一类新的精化正交投影类方法 ,它们用精化的近似特征向量取代标准的Ritz向量来逼近所求的特征向量 .证明了在某种意义下 ,每个精化方法是两个经典方法的复合 ,精化近似特征向量满足某个Her mite半正定矩阵在同一个子空间上的经典正交投影 ,进而 ,用特征向量到子空间的距离建立了精化近似特征向量的先验误差界 .结果表明 ,精化的近似特征向量和对应的Ritz值收敛的充分条件相同 . 相似文献
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贾子薇刘巧华 《应用数学与计算数学学报》2018,(3):486-496
简化的全局GMRES算法作为求解多右端项线性方程组的方法之一,与标准的全局GMRES算法相比,需要较少的计算量,但对应的重启动方法由于矩阵Krylov子空间维数的限制,收敛会较慢.基于调和Ritz矩阵,提出了简化全局GMRES的扩张及收缩算法.数值实验结果表明,新提出的扩张及收缩算法比标准的全局GMRES算法更为快速高效. 相似文献
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在很多实际应用中需要计算大规模矩阵的若干个最小奇异组.调和投影方法是计算内部特征对的常用方法,其原理可用于求解大规模奇异值分解问题.本文证明了,当投影空间足够好时,该方法得到的近似奇异值收敛,但近似奇异向量可能收敛很慢甚至不收敛.根据第二作者近年来提出的精化投影方法的原理,本文提出一种精化的调和Lanczos双对角化方法,证明了它的收敛性.然后将该方法与Sorensen提出的隐式重新启动技术相结合,开发出隐式重新启动的调和Lanczos双对角化算法(IRHLB)和隐式重新启动的精化调和Lanczos双对角化算法(IRRHLB).位移的合理选取是算法成功的关键之一,本文对精化算法提出了一种新的位移策略,称之为"精化调和位移".理论分析表明,精化调和位移比IRHLB中所用的调和位移要好,且可以廉价可靠地计算出来.数值实验表明,IRRHLB比IRHLB要显著优越,而且比目前常用的隐式重新启动的Lanczos双对角化方法(IRLB)和精化算法IRRLB更有效. 相似文献
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Hamilton系统是一类重要的动力系统,辛算法(如生成函数法、SRK法、SPRK法、多步法等)是针对Hamilton系统所设计的具有保持相空间辛结构不变或保Hamilton函数不变的算法.但是,时域上,同阶的辛算法与Runge-Kutta法具有相同的数值精度,即辛算法在计算过程中也存在相位误差,导致时域上解的数值精度不高.经过长时间计算后,计算结果在时域上也会变得“面目全非”.为了提高辛算法在时域上解的精度,将精细算法引入到辛差分格式中,提出了基于相位误差的精细辛算法(HPD-symplectic method),这种算法满足辛格式的要求,因此在离散过程中具有保Hamilton系统辛结构的优良特性.同时,由于精细化时间步长,极大地减小了辛算法的相位误差,大幅度提高了时域上解的数值精度,几乎可以达到计算机的精度,误差为O(10-13).对于高低混频系统和刚性系统,常规的辛算法很难在较大的步长下同时实现对高低频精确仿真,精细辛算法通过精细计算时间步长,在大步长情况下,没有额外增加计算量,实现了高低混频的精确仿真.数值结果验证了此方法的有效性和可靠性. 相似文献
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Hamilton系统的连续有限元法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用常微分方程的连续有限元法,对非线性Hamilton系统证明了连续一次、二次有限元法分别是2阶和3阶的拟辛格式,且保持能量守恒;连续有限元法是辛算法对线性Hamilton系统,且保持能量守恒.在数值计算上探讨了辛性质和能量守恒性,与已有的辛算法进行对比,结果与理论相吻合. 相似文献
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1.大稀疏对称特征值问题的解法中有一类方法是构造一个子空间序列,逐次逼近某些特征向量张成的不变子空间,并用子空间上的Ritz值和Ritz向量逼近原问题特征值和特征向量。同时迭代法,Lanczos法,和块Lanczos法等就都是这样。它们 相似文献
9.
Lanczos方法是求解大型线性方程组的常用方法.遗憾的是,在Lanczos过程中通常会发生算法中断或数值不稳定的情况.将给出求解大型对称线性方程组的收缩Lanczos方法,即DLanczos方法.新算法将采用增广子空间技术,在Lanczos过程中向Krylov子空间加入少量绝对值较小的特征值所对应的特征向量进行收缩.数值实验表明,新算法比Lanczos方法收敛速度更快,并且适合求解病态对称线性方程组. 相似文献
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A rounding error analysis for the symplectic Lanczos method is given to solve the large-scale sparse Hamiltonian eigenvalue
problem. If no breakdown occurs in the method, then it can be shown that the Hamiltonian structure preserving requirement
does not destroy the essential feature of the nonsymmetric Lanczos algorithm. The relationship between the loss of J-orthogonality among the symplectic Lanczos vectors and the convergence of the Ritz values in the symmetric Lanczos algorithm
is discussed. It is demonstrated that under certain assumptions the computed J-orthogonal Lanczos vectors lose the J-orthogonality when some Ritz values begin to converge. Our analysis closely follows the recent works of Bai and Fabbender.
Selected from Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition, 2004, 24(1): 91–106 相似文献
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Heike Fassbender 《BIT Numerical Mathematics》2000,40(3):471-496
A rounding error analysis of the symplectic Lanczos algorithm for the symplectic eigenvalue problem is given. It is applicable when no break down occurs and shows that the restriction of preserving the symplectic structure does not destroy the characteristic feature of nonsymmetric Lanczos processes. An analog of Paige's theory on the relationship between the loss of orthogonality among the Lanczos vectors and the convergence of Ritz values in the symmetric Lanczos algorithm is discussed. As to be expected, it follows that (under certain assumptions) the computed J-orthogonal Lanczos vectors loose J-orthogonality when some Ritz values begin to converge. 相似文献
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We combine Lanczos algorithm with the thought of the refined projection method using QR factorization and propose the refined biothogonalization Lanczos method for computing the desired eigenvalues of large unsymmetric matrix. With low cost of work space and flops the algorithm cures the disease that the Ritz vectors may not converge when the Ritz values converge usingthe Lanczos method. Numerical experiments show our algorithm is considerably more stable and efficient than its counterpart. 相似文献
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1.引言 在科学工程计算中经常需要计算大规模矩阵的少数最大或最小的奇异值及其所对应的奇异子空间。例如图像处理中要计算矩阵端部奇异值之比作为图像的分辨率,诸如此类的问题还存在于最小二乘问题、控制理论、量子化学中等等。然而大多实际问题中的矩阵是大型稀疏矩阵,且需要的是矩阵的部分奇异对。如果计算A的完全奇异值分解(SVD),则运算量和存储量极大,甚至不可能。因此必须寻求其它有效可靠的算法。 假设A的SVD为 相似文献
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Andrey Chesnokov Marc Van Barel 《Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics》2010,235(4):950-965
A numerical algorithm is presented to solve the constrained weighted energy problem from potential theory. As one of the possible applications of this algorithm, we study the convergence properties of the rational Lanczos iteration method for the symmetric eigenvalue problem. The constrained weighted energy problem characterizes the region containing those eigenvalues that are well approximated by the Ritz values. The region depends on the distribution of the eigenvalues, on the distribution of the poles, and on the ratio between the size of the matrix and the number of iterations. Our algorithm gives the possibility of finding the boundary of this region in an effective way.We give numerical examples for different distributions of poles and eigenvalues and compare the results of our algorithm with the convergence behavior of the explicitly performed rational Lanczos algorithm. 相似文献
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The two-sided Lanczos method is popular for computing a few selected eigentriplets of large non-Hermitian matrices. However, it has been revealed that theRitz vectors gained by this method may not converge even if the subspaces are good enough and the associated eigenvalues converge. In order to remedy this drawback, a novel method is proposed which is based on the refined strategy, the quasi-refined ideaand the Lanczos biothogonalization procedure, the resulting algorithm is presented. Therelationship between the new method and the classical oblique projection technique isalso established. We report some numericalwith the conventional one, the results showthe latter.experiments and compare the new algorithmthat the former is often more powerful than 相似文献
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讨论求解大规模非对称矩阵内部特征问题的一种方法,与标准的调和A rnold i方法相比,该方法仍用调和R itz值作为特征值的近似,而在近似特征向量选取方面,我们充分利用A rnold i过程所提供的最末一个基向量的信息,在多1维K ry lov子空间中选取一个向量-称之为改进的调和R itz向量-作为所求的特征向量的近似.理论分析和数值试验均表明这种变形的调和A rnold i方法的可行性和有效性. 相似文献
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We discuss a Krylov-Schur like restarting technique applied within the symplectic Lanczos algorithm for the Hamiltonian eigenvalue problem. This allows us to easily implement a purging and locking strategy in order to improve the convergence properties of the symplectic Lanczos algorithm. The Krylov-Schur-like restarting is based on the SR algorithm. Some ingredients of the latter need to be adapted to the structure of the symplectic Lanczos recursion. We demonstrate the efficiency of the new method for several Hamiltonian eigenproblems. 相似文献
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The problem of finding interior eigenvalues of a large nonsymmetric matrix is examined. A procedure for extracting approximate eigenpairs from a subspace is discussed. It is related to the Rayleigh–Ritz procedure, but is designed for finding interior eigenvalues. Harmonic Ritz values and other approximate eigenvalues are generated. This procedure can be applied to the Arnoldi method, to preconditioning methods, and to other methods for nonsymmetric eigenvalue problems that use the Rayleigh–Ritz procedure. The subject of estimating the boundary of the entire spectrum is briefly discussed, and the importance of preconditioning for interior eigenvalue problems is mentioned. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
Jane Cullum 《BIT Numerical Mathematics》1996,36(3):470-493
We present theoretical and numerical comparisons between Arnoldi and nonsymmetric Lanczos procedures for computing eigenvalues of nonsymmetric matrices. In exact arithmetic we prove that any type of eigenvalue convergence behavior obtained using a nonsymmetric Lanczos procedure may also be obtained using an Arnoldi procedure but on a different matrix and with a different starting vector. In exact arithmetic we derive relationships between these types of procedures and normal matrices which suggest some interesting questions regarding the roles of nonnormality and of the choice of starting vectors in any characterizations of the convergence behavior of these procedures. Then, through a set of numerical experiments on a complex Arnoldi and on a complex nonsymmetric Lanczos procedure, we consider the more practical question of the behavior of these procedures when they are applied to the same matrices.This work was supported by NSF grant GER-9450081 while the author was visiting the University of Maryland. 相似文献