Synthesis and Characterization of La（OH）3 Nanorods by Hydrothermal Microemulsion Method

La（OH）3 nanorods with diameters of 20-40 nm and lengths of 200-300 nm were synthesized by a hydrothermal microemulsion method. The structure and morphology of the final products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and field emission scanning electron microscope （FESEM）.     

离子液体中ZnO纳米棒的制备与表征

离子液体中ZnO纳米棒的制备与表征;离子液体;ZnO纳米棒;热分解     

Selected-control synthesis of PbO2 and Pb3O4 single-crystalline nanorods

Reaction of Pb(OH)3- with ClO- in the presence of surfactant CTAB under conventional conditions resulted in PbO2 nanorods, whereas the reaction under hydrothermal conditions afforded Pb3O4 nanorods, as confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Selected area electron diffraction (SEAD) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) revealed that both PbO2 and Pb3O4 nanorods are single crystalline. For the formation of Pb3O4 nanorods, it is reasonable that PbO2 slowly decomposes to Pb3O4 under hydrothermal conditions, while retaining the morphology of PbO2.     

From layered double hydroxide to spinel nanostructures: facile synthesis and characterization of nanoplatelets and nanorods

Mg-Al spinel (MgAl2O4) nanorods and nanoplatelets transformed from Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (Mg-Al-LDHs) were synthesized via a combined hydrothermal method and calcination route using Al(NO3).9H2O and Mg(NO3)2.6H2O as raw materials. The nanorods and nanoplatelets were characterized by means of physical techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microcopy (HRTEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), thermogravimetric (TG), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. XRD patterns reveal that the Mg-Al-LDHs nanostructures were obtained under a hydrothermal reaction temperature of 200 degrees C and Mg-Al spinel nanostructures were fabricated via calcination of the Mg-Al-LDHs nanostructures at 750 degrees C. It can be seen from TEM that the sizes of the Mg-Al-LDHs nanoplatelets were about 20-40 nm and the diameters of the MgAl2O4 nanorods were ca. 6 nm. The HRTEM images indicate that the crystal lattice spaces of the MgAl2O4 nanorods and nanoplatelets are 0.282 and 0.287 nm, respectively.     

Fabrication of CoO nanorods via thermal decomposition of CoC2O4 precursor

Cobalt oxide (CoO) nanorods were synthesized by annealing CoC₂O₄ precursor. The nanorods were identified by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and other methods. The results showed that the nanorods are composed of cubic CoO with diameter of 10–80 nm, and lengths ranging from 1 to 3 μm. The mechanism of formation of CoO nanorods was also discussed.     

硼酸铝纳米棒的制备、结构及生长机理

以仲丁醇铝和硼酸为原料, 葡萄糖作模板剂, 在水介质中120 ℃形成淡黄色干凝胶, 再于750 ℃焙烧得到尺寸均一的硼酸铝纳米棒. 通过改变仲丁醇铝/硼酸的摩尔比实现了对产物形貌及长径比的控制合成. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)对产物结构和形貌进行表征. 结果表明产物为Al4B2O9纳米棒, 直径为15-45 nm, 长度为100-300 nm. 根据表征结果对葡萄糖参与的硼酸铝纳米棒的生长机理进行了探讨. 结果表明, 葡萄糖与硼酸反应产生网状结构的配合物, 同时释放质子, 促使铝源均匀地分散在网格间, 为硼酸铝的生成提供一有利的反应空间. 纳米棒的生长为自催化生长过程, 在750 ℃热处理时沿着(100)面方向生长.     

Sonochemical fabrication and characterization of stibnite nanorods

Regular stibnite (Sb(2)S(3)) nanorods with diameters of 20-40 nm and lengths of 220-350 nm have been successfully synthesized by a sonochemical method under ambient air from an ethanolic solution containing antimony trichloride and thioacetamide. The as-prepared Sb(2)S(3) nanorods are characterized by employing techniques including X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and optical diffuse reflection spectroscopy. Microstructural analysis reveals that the Sb(2)S(3) nanorods crystallize in an orthorhombic structure and predominantly grow along the (001) crystalline plane. High-intensity ultrasound irradiation plays an important role in the formation of these Sb(2)S(3) nanorods. The experimental results show that the sonochemical formation of stibnite nanorods can be divided into four steps in sequence: (1) ultrasound-induced decomposition of the precursor, which leads to the formation of amorphous Sb(2)S(3) nanospheres; (2) ultrasound-induced crystallization of these amorphous nanospheres and generation of nanocrystalline irregular short rods; (3) a crystal growth process, giving rise to the formation of regular needle-shaped nanowhiskers; (4) surface corrosion and fragmentation of the nanowhiskers by ultrasound irradiation, resulting in the formation of regular nanorods. The optical properties of the Sb(2)S(3) amorphous nanospheres, irregular short nanorods, needle-shaped nanowhiskers, and regular nanorods are investigated by diffuse reflection spectroscopic measurements, and the band gaps are measured to be 2.45, 1.99, 1.85, and 1.94 eV, respectively.     

GaN纳米棒的催化合成及其发光特性

使用稀土元素Tb作催化剂, 通过氨化溅射在Si(111)衬底上的Ga2O3/Tb薄膜, 成功制备出GaN纳米棒. X射线衍射测试显示, GaN纳米棒具有六方结构. 利用扫描电子显微镜和高分辨透射电子显微镜观察分析得出, 纳米棒为单晶GaN, 纳米棒的直径为50-150 nm, 长度约10 μm. 光致发光谱在368.6 nm处有一强的紫外发光峰, 说明纳米棒具有良好的发光特性. 讨论了GaN纳米棒的生长机制.     

Synthesis and characterization of Mn2P2S6 single-crystal nanorods and nanotubes

Mn2P2S6 single-crystal nanorods with diameters 20-40 nm and lengths up to 1 microm and nanotubes with diameters 40-50 nm and lengths ranging between 110 and 170 nm have been prepared through a low-temperature solvothermal method. They have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution (HR) TEM, electron diffraction, energy-dispersive spectrometry analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.     

Controllable synthesis of NiC2O4·2H2O nanorods precursor and applications in the synthesis of nickel-based nanostructures

A controllable synthesis of NiC₂O₄·2H₂O nanorods precursor was obtained via the microemulsion-mediated solvothermal method and a further synthesis of β-Ni(OH)₂ nanorods, nickel oxide (NiO) sub-microtubes, Ni nanospheres and flower-like nickel complexes nanostructures by using the precursor. The morphologies and crystalline structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The morphologies and sizes of the precursors can be readily tuned by adjusting experimental parameters of the reverse microemulsion system. The synthesized β-Ni(OH)₂ nanorods composed of fine nanosheets shown excellent electrochemical performance as an electrode material in rechargeable battery systems.     

模板法室温合成CdS纳米棒

模板法室温合成CdS纳米棒;模板法;硫化镉;一维CdS纳米材料     

MnOOH纳米棒的反胶束法制备及表征

采用水溶液/CTAB/正丁醇/庚烷四组分组成的反相胶束体系,制备了MnOOH纳米棒,并用透射电镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和X射线粉末衍射(XRD)进行了表征.结果显示所得MnOOH为单斜晶系,直径约为10 nm、长度约为200 nm.实验表明,不同的反应时间所得纳米棒的长度不同,但直径可以保持不变.     

孔状Co_3O_4纳米片和纳米棒的选择性合成和表征(英文)

利用两步实验选择性合成孔状Co3O4纳米片和纳米棒:首先,以Co(NO3)2·6H2O,NaOH和不同量的NH4F为原料在120℃水热6h的条件下合成了Co(OH)2-Co3O4纳米片(S1)和Co(OH)F-Co3O4纳米棒(S2);然后将所得纳米片和纳米棒在400℃时加热2h即得到多孔的Co3O4纳米片和纳米棒。所得产物用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)进行了表征。此外电化学测试表明Co3O4纳米棒的电容量比Co3O4纳米片的更大。     

Controlled synthesis of single-crystalline Mg(OH)2 nanotubes and nanorods via a solvothermal process

The synthesis of Mg(OH)₂ one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures was systematically investigated in different solvents at various temperatures with Mg₁₀OH₁₈Cl₂·5H₂O nanowires as source materials. The results showed that the characters of the products, such as crystal size, shape, and structure, were strongly influenced by the solvent and temperature during the solvothermal process. 1D nanotubes of Mg(OH)₂, with 80-300 nm outer diameter, 30-80 nm wall thickness, and several tens of micrometers in length were obtained by choosing bidentate ligand solvents such as ethylenediamine and 1,6-diaminohexane as the reaction solvent. But when using monodentate ligand pyridine as the reaction solvent, the obtained samples showed nanorods morphology. The Mg(OH)₂ thus produced was analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM), and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). The possible growth mechanism of the 1D nanostructure Mg(OH)₂ was discussed.     

硫化铜纳米棒的低热固相合成及其光学性能

在表面活性剂PEG-400存在的条件下,以醋酸铜和硫代乙酰胺为原料,利用低热固相化学反应,一步制备出分散均匀的硫化铜纳米棒.X射线粉末衍射和能量散射X射线能谱分析证明,产物为纯六角相的硫化铜.透射电镜和扫描电镜形貌分析表明,产物为棒状,直径为80～100nm,长度为200～500nm.紫外-可见光谱和光致发光光谱表明,硫化铜纳米棒的紫外和荧光最大吸收和发射波长与常规硫化铜相比均发生了明显的蓝移,表明所制备的硫化铜纳米棒具有良好的光学性质.     

Characterization of h-WO3 nanorods synthesized by hydrothermal process

Hexagonal tungsten oxide nanorods have been synthesized by hydrothermal strategy using Na₂WO₄·2H₂O as tungsten source, aniline and sulfate sodium as structure-directing templates. Techniques X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy have been used to characterize the structure, morphology and composition of the nanorods. The h-WO₃ nanorods are up to 5 μm in length, and 50–70 nm in diameter.     

化学溶液沉积法制备单分散氧化锌纳米棒阵列

在由溶胶凝胶法制备的纳米ZnO薄膜基底上, 采用化学溶液沉积法制备了单分散、高度取向的ZnO纳米棒阵列膜. 通过控制纳米ZnO薄膜的制备工艺, 可以调节氧化锌纳米棒的直径. 利用FESEM, TEM, HRTEM, SAED和XRD表征了氧化锌纳米棒阵列的形貌和晶体结构. ZnO纳米棒的室温PL谱具有很高的紫外带边发射峰, 在可见光波段无发射峰, 表明该方法制备的ZnO纳米棒晶体结构完整, 晶体中O空位的浓度很低.     

Microwave-assisted synthesis of high aspect ratio ruthenium nanorods

<正>Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)(PVP)-stabilized ruthenium nanorods with high aspect ratio by refluxing ruthenium(Ⅲ) chloride in n-propanol have been successfully prepared by means of a facile and rapid microwave heating for the first time.The structure and morphology of the obtained products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),select area electron diffraction(SAED),ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry(UV-vis),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Fourier transform spectroscopy(FT-IR).XPS analysis reveals that the nanorods were in the metallic state.TEM images showed that ruthenium nanorods had an obvious one-dimensional structure with the aspect ratio ranged from 5 to 40 nm and length up to 600 nm.SAED patterns indicated that the nanorods were single-crystalline with a hexagonal structure.     

Synthesis and evolution of PbS nanocrystals through a surfactant-assisted solvothermal route

We present a surfactant-assisted solvothermal approach for the controllable synthesis of a PbS nanocrystal at low temperature (85 degrees C). Nanotubes (400 nm in length with an outer diameter of 30 nm), bundle-like long nanorods (about 5-15 mum long and an average diameter of 100 nm), nanowires (5-20 mum in length and with a diameter of 20-50 nm), short nanorods (100-300 nm in length and an axial ratio of 5-10), nanoparticles (25 nm in width with an aspect ratio of 2), and nanocubes (a short axis length of 10 nm and a long axis length of 15 nm) were successfully prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction pattern. A series of experimental results indicated that several experimental factors, such as AOT concentration, ratio of [water]/[surfactant], reaction time, and ratio of the reagents, play key roles in the final morphologies of PbS. Possible formation mechanisms of PbS nanorods and nanotubes were proposed.     

葡萄糖辅助合成碲化铅纳米棒及其表征

采用简单的葡萄糖辅助溶剂热合成法制备了碲化铅纳米棒。 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等技术手段进行材料结构和形貌表征。 结果表明,产物是纯的立方相PbTe,纳米棒的直径约为50 nm,长500 nm左右。 研究了反应过程的影响因素及碲化铅纳米棒的形成机制。 产物的形貌受葡萄糖的量、反应时间、反应温度和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)质量的控制,分析了形成这种结构的原因。