阴离子交换树脂分离香菇多糖中蛋白质

香菇多糖是从香菇中提取分离出的一种药用活性成分,具有抗肿瘤,抗病毒,提高人体免疫力等功能,在临床上具有很好的应用前景[1~3]。多糖的药效与多糖的纯度有很大关系,要得到较纯的多糖,工艺复杂,成本很高,因此市场上大多香菇多糖产品纯度较低。香菇多糖中难分离的杂质主要是蛋白     

Behaviour of Mo,Al, As,Cs, Sn,Sb, Pd,Rh, Ru,Ge, Se and Te on the macroporous resin AG MP-1 in alkaline medium

The behaviour of Mo and some other elements on Ag MP-1 in alkaline medium was investigated. Equilibrium distribution coefficients, K_d, are presented for Mo on the anion exchangers AG 1-X2, AG 1-X4, AG 1-X8 and AG MP-1, and for some elements on AG MP-1 in alkaline medium. An anion exchange chromatographic separation of Mo from some of these elements is described and some results obtained with this method are reported.     

Selective removal of nitrate by using a novel macroporous acrylic anion exchange resin

An anion exchange resin NDP-5 has been prepared successfully and applied on the selective removal of nitrate from SO₄^2-/ NO₃^- binary co-existence system.The composition and morphology of NDP-5 were confirmed by FT-IR and SEM.The NDP-5 resin exhibits the completely different behavior on the adsorption capacity,adsorption kinetic and the effect of the completing anion in the absence or presence of sulfate,compared to D213.And,the resultants of kinetic are well fitted by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models.These results are very important to develop novel resins with great features.     

Recovery of plutonium from phosphate containing aqueous analytical waste solutions using macroporous anion exchange resin

Distribution ratios of Pu(IV) between 7.5M HNO₃+0.75M H₃PO₄+0.3M H₂SO₄ media and a macroporous anion-exchange resin Amberlyst A-26 (MP) increased from 40 to 250 when 1M aluminium nitrate was added to the aqueous medium. When 1M ferric nitrate was used in place of aluminium nitrate the distribution ratio further increased to 850. The 10% Pu(IV) breakthrough capacities with a 5 ml bed resin column, using synthetic feed solutions containing 1M aluminium nitrate, were 1.4 g l^–1, 3.2 g l^–1 at flow rates of 30 ml per hour and 10 ml per hour, respectively. The corresponding 10% Pu(IV) breakthrough capacities in the presence of 1M ferric nitrate were 8.5 g l^–1 and 12.8 g l^–1. More than 97% of plutonium could be recovered from actual analytical phosphate waste solutions.     

Separation of capsaicin from capsaicinoids by macroporous resin adsorption chromatography

The aim of present study is to develop an efficient and low‐cost method for capsaicin production isolated from capsaicinoids by macroporous resin adsorption chromatography. HZ816 resin has shown the best adsorption and desorption capacities for capsaicin among other resins. To optimize the operating parameters for separation, initial concentration, diameter‐to‐height ratio, mobile phase ratio, and crystallization method were investigated. When capsaicinoids solution (5 g/L) was loaded onto the column (diameter‐to‐height ratio = 1:12) with ethanol/1% w/w NaOH (4:6, v/v) as the mobile phase, capsaicin was purified most effectively. By using acid neutralization as the crystallization method, the purity of capsaicin improved from 90.3 to 99.5% with 82.3% yield. In conclusion, this study provides a simple and low‐cost method for the industrial‐scale production of high‐purity capsaicin.     

Separation of the no-carrier-added 109Cd from Ag, Cu and 65Zn by use of a precipitation and AG1-X8 resin

The ¹⁰⁹Cd radionuclide was produced in the cyclotron via ^natAg(p,n)¹⁰⁹Cd reaction. The radiochemical separation of ¹⁰⁹Cd from silver and non-isotopic impurities comprised of two stages. The optimum conditions of the ¹⁰⁹Cd separation methods were: Ag precipitation with 0.015 M HCl and Cu and ⁶⁵Zn by use of 0.015 M HCl on AG1-X8 strong anion-exchange resin. Chemical and radionuclidic purity of ¹⁰⁹Cd were measured by ICP-AES and gamma-ray spectrometry respectively. Recovery yield and radionuclidic purity were obtained 99.7% and 99%, respectively.     

Solid-state storage of Ag nanoparticles in anion exchange resin beads and their recovery

This paper reports the idea and describes a method of reversible storage and recovery of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in anion exchange resin beads based on the principle of ion exchange. We also report that similar exchange of NPs was not possible with cation exchange resins. The Ag NPs were stored by simple exchange of anions of the resins, which were activated with OH- and NO3- ions. FTIR spectroscopic measurements support that the Ag NPs were exchanged with NO3- ions in the resins. The so-stored NPs could be regenerated by addition of NaBH4 solution to the resins. These NPs were recovered and subsequently utilized for catalytic reduction of an organic dye (eosin). Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated storage of the NPs in the form of various oxides of silver in the resin, with the peak value of intensity corresponding to XRD of the NPs not changing with time. Scanning electron microscopic measurements show that the NPs in the beads were stable for over a month without the formation of any apparent agglomeration.     

Separation of iron-52 from chromium cyclotron targets on the 2% cross-linked anion-exchange resin AG1-X2 in hydrochloric acid

Iron-52 can be separated from solutions of chromium cyclotron targets by eluting chromium, copper and radioactive impurities with 9.0M hydrochloric acid from a column containing 1.0 g of AG1-X2 anion-exchange resin. Iron-52 is retained and can then be eluted with 6.0M hydrochloric acid containing 0.05M hydrogen iodide or 0.05M sodium iodide. The separations are sharp and quantitative. Less than 2 microg of chromium will remain with the iron-52, from 2.0 g originally present.     

阴离子交换树脂提取谷氨酸

谷氨酸是蛋白质的主要构成成分,具有重要的生理生化功能,其主要应用于食品、医药等工业。目前国内从发酵液中提取谷氨酸普遍采用的步骤是:先用等电法结晶大部分谷氨酸,等电母液采用离子交换法浓缩其中的谷氨酸,此时谷氨酸为阳离子,洗脱高浓度馏分再回入等电罐进行结晶回收[1]。上述工艺的最大缺点是:在结晶和离子交换过程中要使用大量的硫酸调节发酵液和母液的pH,造成环境污染;且提取谷氨酸后产生的废液中其COD和SO2 4和氨态氮含量很高,用常规的方法较难处理[2]。由于谷氨酸发酵液的pH为6 8～7 2,此时,谷氨酸主要以阴离子状态形式存…     

Adsorption of phenol from water by N-butylimidazolium functionalized strongly basic anion exchange resin

N-butylimidazolium functionalized strongly basic anion exchange resin with Cl(-) anion (MCl) was prepared by anchoring N-butylimidazole onto chloromethylated macroporous styrene-divinylbenzene (St-DVB) copolymer. The adsorption performances of phenol on MCl were studied using the batch technique at acidic and alkaline pH. The studies showed that phenol can be effectively removed at both acidic and alkaline pH. The maximum adsorption was achieved at about pH 11. The maximum adsorption capacities of phenol on MCl at pH 6.6 and 11.2 were 80.2 and 92.9 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption mechanism was mainly molecular adsorption at acidic pH and anion exchange at alkaline pH. The adsorption of phenol was hindered by the presence of Cl(-) and SO(4)(2-) at alkaline pH due to the competitive anion exchange reaction. The adsorption of molecular phenol species on MCl at acidic pH was exothermic, and the anion exchange of phenolate species by MCl at alkaline pH was endothermic. Desorption of phenol from loaded adsorbent was achieved by using 0.5 mol/L NaOH and 0.5 mol/L NaCl mixed solution. MCl can simultaneously remove phenol and Cr(VI) from their mixtures, which would be of practical value in actual industrial wastewater treatment.     

大孔树脂-高速逆流色谱法分离纯化地黄中毛蕊花糖苷

该文建立了大孔树脂-高速逆流色谱分离中药材地黄中有效成分毛蕊花糖苷的方法。考察了4种大孔树脂对地黄粗提物中毛蕊花糖苷的静态吸附与解吸情况,其中D101大孔树脂对目标成分的吸附率与解吸率最理想,实验结果表明体积分数为10%的乙醇洗脱得到的毛蕊花糖苷含量最高,目标成分含量从4.9%提高到32.6%。最后,部分纯化的样品（165 mg）采用高速逆流色谱进一步纯化,两相溶剂系统由乙酸乙酯-正丁醇-水（1：4：5,v/v/v）组成,分离得到45 mg纯度为96%的毛蕊花糖苷。     

Separation of radioactive strontium from natural samples by means of mixed-solvent anion exchange

A new procedure for isolation and determination of⁹⁰Sr in real natural samples is presented. It consists of bringing natural samples in a soluble form suitable for separation on an ion-exchange column, separation of calcium from strontium by means of the anion exchanger Amberlite CG-400 and 0.25M HNO₃ in methanol as eluent for calcium, and the determination of⁹⁰Sr using a low level -counter after elution with H₂O, scavenging steps and SrCO₃ precipitation. The method was tested with IAEA standards of natural samples with known contents of⁹⁰Sr, and water samples, where the concentration of⁹⁰Sr was previously determined by the standard IAEA procedure. The results obtained show that it is possible to isolate and determine low levels of⁹⁰Sr in natural samples. The procedure is favorable because of the simple separation of radioaactive strontium without using fuming nitric acid.     

An electrolytic system based on the anion exchange reaction between KCl and an anion exchange resin

We have developed a novel electrolytic system based on the anion exchange reaction between KCl and Amberlyst A26. It was demonstrated by preparative electrolysis experiments as well as cyclic voltammetry that the anion exchange reaction offers a unique electrolytic system for electroreduction of organic compounds. On the basis of the electrolytic system, electroreduction of aromatic carbonyl compounds was successfully achieved by using an undivided cell to provide the corresponding coupling products as pinacols in good to high yields with high diastereoselectivity.     

大孔树脂-高速逆流色谱分离纯化薇甘菊中的黄酮类化合物

该文建立了大孔树脂-高速逆流色谱分离薇甘菊中黄酮类物质的方法。分离条件为:采用大孔树脂AB-8,洗脱液为50%（v/v）乙醇水溶液,高速逆流色谱溶剂体系为正丁醇-乙酸-水（4：1：5,v/v）。从薇甘菊中分离到4种黄酮类物质:槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷（纯度90.2%）、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷（纯度98.55%）、木犀草苷（纯度98.33%）和紫云英苷（纯度99.23%）。建立的大孔树脂-高速逆流色谱方法简单、高效,可扩展应用于从其他植物中分离黄酮类物质。     

Separation of bismuth from lead, copper and other elements by means of anion exchange

The anion-exchange behaviour of bismuth and various other elements has been investigated in media consisting of methyl glycol and nitric acid. Through the determination of the distribution coefficients in such mixtures, a method for the anion-exchange separation of bismuth from many metal ions has been developed. A mixture of 90% methyl glycol and 10% 5M nitric acid is a suitable medium for this separation on the strongly-basic anion exchanger Dowex 1, X8. Only bismuth, thorium and lanthanum are strongly retained on the resin in these conditions. All other elements investigated, such as lead, copper, iron, etc., are either only weakly adsorbed or are not absorbed. By means of this ion-exchange procedure, a series of analyses of copper-base alloys for bismuth has been carried out. The results show that this method can be used successfully for the quantitative isolation of bismuth from such materials. The final determination of bismuth in the eluates is performed by complexometric titration.     

Rapid separation of radiogallium from Zn and Cu targets using anion exchange technique

A simple, non-destructive and rapid radiochemical separation of radiogallium from Zn and Cu targets by ion-exchange chromatography using Amberlyst 21b was studied. The separation yield was high, while the chemical impurity in the separated radiogallium (inactive Zn or Cu) was low (<0.4 μg). The final product was obtained in the form of gallium citrate in a single step method technique that avoided the time consumption and corrosive evaporation.     

Radiotracers in kinetics of ion-isotopic exchange reactions using anion exchange resins indion-103 and indion-870

The kinetics of iodide and bromide ion-isotopic exchange reactions was studied by radio analytical technique using ¹³¹I and ⁸²Br as tracer isotopes. The parameters like specific reaction rate (min^?1), amount of ions exchanged (mmol), initial rate of ion exchange (mmol/min) and logK _d were studied to evaluate the performance of nuclear and non-nuclear grade anion exchange resins Indion-103 and Indion-870. For iodide ion-isotopic exchange reactions under experimental conditions of 35.0°C, 1.000 g of ion exchange resins and 0.002 M labeled iodide ion solution, the parameters were 0.223 min^?1, 0.300 mmol, 0.067 mmol/min and 18.7, respectively, for Indion-103, and those of 0.165 min^?1, 0.251 mmol, 0.041 /min and 16.2, respectively, for Indion-870. The similar tendency was observed during bromide ion-isotopic exchange reactions. The results suggest that Indion-103 shows greater performance than Indion-870 resin under similar experimental conditions.     

The production of 103Pd and 109Cd from a proton irradiated tandem natAg/natAg targets

This paper describes a new method for the production of ¹⁰³Pd and ¹⁰⁹Cd using the 66 MeV proton beam of iThemba LABS on a tandem natural silver target (Ag/Ag). The radiochemical separation of the Pd radionuclides (¹⁰³Pd, ¹⁰⁰Pd) from the bulk ^natAg was done using a Chelex-100 chelating resin column. The recovery of ¹⁰³Pd from the irradiated ^natAg target was found to be >98 % without any Ag or Rh impurities detected. The radiochemical separation of ¹⁰⁹Cd from the bulk ^natAg target was done by the precipitation of Ag ions by Cu followed by the separation of ¹⁰⁹Cd, traces of Ag, Cu²⁺ and Rh using a AG1-X10 anion exchange resin column. The recovery yield of ¹⁰⁹Cd was >99 % without any Ag or Rh impurities detected.