电喷雾质谱法研究防己诺林碱与G-四链体的相互作用

采用电喷雾质谱法研究了防己诺林碱与双链核酸及G-四链体的相互作用. 结果表明, 防己诺林碱可选择性地与G-四链体结合. 利用串联质谱技术对防己诺林碱与核酸的结合模式进行了研究, 结果表明, 防己诺林碱可能通过末端堆积作用与G-四链体结合, 而通过插入作用与双链核酸结合. 结合模式的差异导致防己诺林碱选择性地与G-四链体结合.     

电喷雾质谱法研究天然产物小分子识别人类端粒G-四链体及复合物的热稳定性

利用电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)研究了12种天然产物小分子与人类端粒G-四链体结构的非共价相互作用和识别功能, 比较了不同小分子与人类端粒G-四链体的结合强弱, 发现了一种新的识别小分子——防己诺林碱对人类端粒G-四链体有很好的结合. 通过质谱升温实验比较了小分子结合对G-四链体热稳定性的影响, 防己诺林碱的结合使G-四链体的离子的解离温度(T1/2)上升到200 ℃. 利用分子模拟对G-四链体DNA与小分子结合的模式以及稳定性进行了探讨, 给出了防己诺林碱可能的结合位点和结合模式, Autodock计算出来的结合能约为-31.5 kJ·mol-1. 同原来的平面型分子不同, 防己诺林碱是一类新型结构的分子, 为设计合成新型G-四链体识别分子提供了新的结构模型.     

中药复方小续命汤抗阿尔茨海默病有效成分组中6种有效成分的同时测定

建立了用高效液相色谱分析中药复方小续命汤抗阿尔茨海默病有效成分组中各成分的方法,并将其应用于此有效成分组的质量控制。采用ODS色谱柱,以水-甲酸-乙二胺(流动相A，体积比为100∶0.1∶0.1)和甲醇-甲酸(流动相B，体积比为100∶0.05)为流动相,采用梯度洗脱，流速1 mL/min，检测波长240 nm。在上述色谱条件下,可分离测定有效成分组中的6种成分。6种成分均具有良好的线性；其回收率分别为:芍药苷99.1%,升麻苷99.6%,黄芩苷98.4%,5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷99.9%,防己诺林碱99.6%,粉防己碱102.0%;相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为1.3%,1.4%,0.4%,0.8%,0.2%,1.4%。所建立的方法简便、快捷,可用于小续命汤有效成分组的质量控制。     

液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱对芥子碱的测定方法

探讨了采用液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法检测小鼠前列腺中芥子碱硫氰酸盐的方法。流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(0.5%乙酸)=20∶80,色谱柱为ZorbaxXDB-C18(150 mm×4.6 mmi.d.,5μm),流速为0.6 mL/min。芥子碱硫氰酸盐的准分子离子和二级碎片离子分别为m/z 304和m/z 251,方法的检出限为0.7μg/L,线性范围为2.7~80.5μg/L,r为0.9934,相对标准偏差为7.5%~12.9%,样品的回收率为81.2%~102.5%。     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法分析麦类中麦角克列斯汀碱

提出了一种采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法(HPLC-FLD)测定麦类样品中麦角克列斯汀碱的方法。麦类样品经V(乙腈)∶V(0.1 mol/L乙酸铵缓冲溶液)=1∶4提取,以C18小柱净化,C18色谱柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm)分离,V(水)∶V(乙腈)=3∶2作流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,以HPLC-FLD定量测定。标准工作溶液浓度在1.0~50.0μg/L范围内,与峰面积成良好的线性关系,线性相关系数0.9999,样品在10.0、50.0、250.0μg/kg添加水平的回收率为76%~85%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.6%~8.8%(n=8),方法检测限为5.0μg/kg(S/N10)。     

大鼠血浆中木兰花碱浓度的测定

采用LC-MS/MS技术建立大鼠血浆中木兰花碱浓度的测定方法,并进行大鼠体内药动学研究.以水-乙腈溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,以Kromasil Eternity-5 C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,5μm)为分析柱,电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子模式,选择离子监测(SRM).木兰花碱在0.2～50μg·L~(-1)的范围内线性良好,相关系数R~2=0.991 2.方法专属性、准确度与精密度、提取回收率与基质效应、稳定性均符合生物样品的测定要求.大鼠灌胃给与5 mg·kg~(-1)木兰花碱后,AUC_(0-∞)为(184.5±58.7)μg·h·L~(-1),MRT为(7.7±3.1) h,t_(1/2z)为(6.3±2.3) h,T_(max)为(0.75±0.0) h,C_(max)为(50.36±17.8)μg·L~(-1).采用LC-MS/MS技术建立了大鼠血浆中木兰花碱的浓度测定方法,并进行了方法学验证,方法专属性好,灵敏、准确、快速,适用于木兰花碱在大鼠体内的药动学研究.     

广防己挥发油的GC-MS指纹图谱研究

防己药材主要分粉防己和木防己两类,木防己包括广防己和汉中防己。广防己为马兜铃科植物广防己AristolochiafangchiY.C.WuexL.D.Chou.etS.M.Hwang的干燥根,习称"木防己"、"水防己",主产于广东、广西,具有祛风止痛、清热利水之功效。广防己主要成分为为生物碱及挥发油,己有报道的生物碱主要有:木防己碱、异木防己碱、木兰花碱、木防己胺、大防己宾碱、甲门尼萨任碱。挥发油成分未见报道,本文采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定广防已挥发油成分,建立能够反映出定性、定量信息的GC-MS指纹谱图。结果表明:挥发油中主要含有β-古芸烯     

SiO2@松香基高分子(Ru131)色谱柱分离测定岩黄连中脱氢卡维丁、盐酸巴马汀和盐酸小檗碱

建立测定岩黄连中脱氢卡维丁、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸小檗碱含量的液相色谱分析方法.确定了脱氢卡维丁、盐酸巴马汀和盐酸小檗碱的色谱分离条件为:SiO2@松香基高分子(Ru131)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.0050 mol·L-1磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=3.0)=20∶80(V/V)为流动相,紫外检测波...     

溶剂诱导相变萃取法用于高效液相色谱-质谱分析的血浆样品前处理

在匀相的乙腈-水体系中添加一种疏水但与乙腈互溶的有机溶剂(如氯仿), 能诱导乙腈-水体系分相, 基于此现象建立了一种血浆样品处理方法溶剂诱导相变萃取(SIPTE). 与传统的液-液萃取法相比, 该法最大的优势为新形成的有机相为乙腈(仅含少量氯仿), 与常用的反相C₁₈柱兼容, 能直接进行高效液相色谱-质谱分析. 此外, 通过减少乙腈及氯仿的用量还可实现样品的自动浓缩. 本文通过测定血浆中尼群地平, 验证了该方法的有效性. 使用反相C₁₈柱, 以V(乙腈)∶V(水)=70∶30(含20 mmol/L甲酸铵)为流动相, 尼莫地平为内标, ESI正离子模式下选择离子监测(SIM)测定了血浆中尼群地平的浓度. 实验所得的线性、精密度和准确度结果良好, 表明所建立的方法灵敏、准确、简单、快速, 可用于药物代谢动力学研究.     

LC-MS/MS方法快速检测血浆中小檗碱的浓度

小檗碱在生物体内以极低的浓度发挥着良好的疗效,准确测定其血药浓度对其药理学性质的研究具有重要意义。本文建立了高效液相色谱-质谱联用快速测定血浆中小檗碱浓度的方法,采用Waters XTerraTM MSC18色谱柱(2.1×50mm,3.5μm),柱温25℃,以0.2%醋酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为0.2mL/min,以苯妥英为内标。质谱采用电喷雾电离源,以选择反应监测模式进行定量分析,血浆样品用乙腈直接沉淀处理。结果表明,小檗碱在0.01～0.5μg/mL浓度范围线性关系良好,最低检测浓度为5ng/mL(S/N=3)。日内、日间RSD均小于15%(n=5)。本文建立的方法操作简单、灵敏度高、分析时间短,适用于小檗碱血药浓度监测及药代动力学研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

探究“铁的锈蚀条件”实验创新设计

设计了铁的锈蚀实验,说明了铁钉的处理方法,增加了温度、酸、碱的影响条件,实现了铁跟蒸馏水及空气中氧气快速反应而生锈,使实验在5 min左右就能够得到准确的结果。