共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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对液体光声光谱分析中的溶剂效应进行了研究,探讨了溶剂特性对于光声信号强度的影响。结果表明,有机溶剂的存在显著地增强了光声信号强度。这对于液体光声光谱分析,选择适当的溶剂介质,提高光声分析灵敏度具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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光声光谱法是基于红外吸收光谱原理的一种高灵敏度的微量气体探测技术。它使用声共振腔来实现微弱声信号的共振放大。通过调节激光的调制频率,当它等于腔的某个共振频率时,在腔内形成声驻波,而腔本身的作用相当于一声放大器。共振腔的放大作用取决于当前被激活的共振模式、腔的品质因素、声传感器的状态以及电磁辐射与腔共振模式的耦合作用。值得关注的是,红外激光相对于声共振腔的入射方位不同则激励产生的光声信号幅值也不同。采用理论推导与数值计算相结合的方法,以圆柱形光声池为例,研究了径向共振模式下耦合系数受激光入射方位的影响。研究表明,激光入射角在0~π/2范围变化时耦合系数存在2个零点和2个极大值:入射角为0或tan-1(0.859 2×2R/L)时,耦合系数为零而径向共振失效;入射角为tan-1(0.556 8×2R/L)或tan-1(2R/L)时,耦合系数极大而径向共振最强。此处R为池径而L为池长。结果可用于指导光声池结构优化设计与安装调试,增强光声法检测微量气体的信号幅值,提高检测灵敏度。 相似文献
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理论研究了受激布里渊散射过程中功率限幅响应特性.采用高斯型入射脉冲,数值模拟了抽运参数(抽运峰值功率密度、抽运脉冲宽度),介质参数(增益系数、声子寿命)和结构参数(聚焦透镜焦距、介质池长)等物理参数影响限幅输出波形中剩余峰的特性规律.对如何控制剩余峰进行了理论分析.研究表明,声子寿命较小、增益系数大的布里渊介质光限幅响应较好,声子寿命较大、增益系数小的布里渊介质光限幅响应较差;无法单纯通过控制布里渊介质参数来完全消除剩余峰.实验上采用染料片吸收剩余峰,获得接近平顶的限幅输出波形. 相似文献
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《光子学报》2021,50(10)
搭建了一套高灵敏度的光声一氧化碳气体传感器。采用波长为1 566.3 nm的近红外分布式反馈激光器作为激励光源,并利用商用光纤放大器将激光功率泵浦到10 W量级,解决了由于近红外波长区域吸收线强较弱带来的探测灵敏度低等问题。设计了由两个结构完全相同的光声共振腔构成的双通道差分光声池,抑制了由高功率激光引入的窗口噪声。通过优化传感器的激励光功率和工作压强,在50 ppm的CO/N_2标准气中,获得的光声信号幅值为1.38 mV,1σ噪声为0.96μV,探测信噪比为1 437.5,探测灵敏度为34 ppb,归一化噪声等效系数为1.74×10~(-8)cm~(-1)W/Hz~(1/2)。 相似文献
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4 热光开关热光开关和电光开关的结构可以相同 ,但是产生开关效应的机理不同 .这里的热光效应是指通过电流加热的方法 ,使介质的温度变化 ,导致光在介质中传播的折射率和相位发生改变的物理效应 .折射率随温度的变化关系为n(T) =n0 +Δn(T) =n0 + n TΔT=n0 +αΔT(6 9)式中 n0 为温度变化之前的折射率 ,ΔT为温度的变化 ,α为热光系数 ,它与材料的种类有关 .表 3是几种材料的热光系数 .表 3 几种材料的热光系数材料 α/ (10 - 4K- 1 )L i Nb O30 .0 4 3Si 2Si O2 1.1聚合物 1 Δn将引起相位变化为Δφ=2 πΔn L/ λ0 =2 παL… 相似文献
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制备了稀土液晶配合物Ln(bta)3L2 (Ln3+:La3+,Eu3+,Ho3+;L:N-octadecyl-2-hydroxy-4-tetradec-yloxybenzaldimine;bta:benzoyltrifluoroacetonate), 所得配合物在室温下呈近晶相(SmA phase).首次利用光声光谱对金属液晶配合物的光谱性质、弛豫过程和相变进行研究.在配体吸收处,光声强度依Eu(bta)3L2相似文献
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为了探讨含气泡液体对声波传播的影响, 研究了声波在含气泡液体中的线性传播. 在建立含气泡液体的声学模型时引入气泡含量的影响,建立气泡模型时引用 Keller的气泡振动模型并同时考虑气泡间的声相互作用,得到了经过修正的气泡振动方程. 通过对含气泡液体的声传播方程和气泡振动方程联立并线性化求解,在满足 (ω R0)/c << 1 的前提下,得到了描述含气泡液体对声波传播的衰减系数和传播速度. 通过数值分析发现,在驱动声场频率一定的情况下,气泡含量的增加及气泡的变小均会导致衰减系数增加和声速减小;气泡的体积分数和大小一定时, 驱动声场频率在远小于气泡谐振频率的情况下,声速会随驱动频率的增加而减小; 气泡间的声相互作用对声波传播速度及含气泡液体衰减系数的影响不明显.最终认为气泡的大小、 数量和驱动声场频率是影响声波在含气泡液体中线性传播的主要因素.
关键词:
含气泡液体
线性声波
声衰减系数
声速 相似文献
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Recent development in noise control using T-shaped acoustic resonators calls for the development of more reliable and accurate models to predict their acoustic characteristics, which is unfortunately lacking in the literature. This paper attempts to establish such a model based on three-dimensional theory for T-shaped acoustic resonators containing sound absorption materials. The model is validated by experiments using various configurations. Predictions on fundamental and high-order resonance frequencies are compared with those obtained from the one-dimensional model and finite element analyses, and the effects of the physical and geometric parameters of the absorption materials on the resonance frequencies and Q-factor are also investigated numerically and experimentally. Limitations and applicability of existing one-dimensional models are assessed. The proposed general three-dimensional model proved to be able to provide an accurate and reliable prediction on the resonance frequencies for T-shaped acoustic resonators with or without absorption materials. This can eventually meet the requirement for resonator array design in terms of accuracy. 相似文献
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The results of an experimental investigation of acoustic vibrations (their frequency, amplitude, and attenuation coefficient) generated in a gas mixture as a result of the injection of a high-current pulsed electron beam into a closed reactor are presented. It is shown that the change in the phase composition of the initial mixture under the action of the electron beam leads to a change in the frequency of the sound waves and to an increase in the attenuation coefficient. By measuring the change in frequency, it is possible to evaluate with sufficient accuracy (about 2%) the degree of conversion of the initial products in the plasmochemical process. Relations describing the dependence of the sound energy attenuation coefficient on the size of the reactor and on the thermal and physical properties of the gases under study are derived. It is shown that a simple experimental setup measuring the parameters of acoustic waves can be used for monitoring the plasmochemical processes initiated by a pulsed excitation of a gas mixture. 相似文献
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超声吸收体的物理参数对利用水听器和红外热成像技术的高强度聚焦超声(High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound,HIFU)声场测量结果具有重要影响。为了探索超声吸收体的物理参数(密度、声速、衰减系数、热扩散系数、定压比热容)对测量结果的影响规律,本文根据层状模型计算出相同声源功率输出时不同物理参数对应的超声吸收体内部声场和热场,利用有限差分法计算出超声吸收体表面在辐照过程中的温度变化;利用基于水听器和红外热成像技术的聚焦声场测量方法测量出焦域内不同位置上声场特征值(轴线声强和-6 dB声束宽度),与通过理论计算得到的声源在纯水中声场特征值进行比较,分析了不同物理参数对测量结果的影响。超声吸收体的声、热学参数中除了声速外,其它物理参数的变化引起声场特征值的测量造成最大相对差异率小于15%。因为声波传播速度的改变会导致超声吸收体内部热场分布变化,使测量结果与理论计算值有较大偏差,其中-6 dB声束宽度和轴线声强最大相对差异率为95.37%和69.97%。因此在选择超声吸收体的声、热学参数时应重点关注声波在吸收体内声速的影响。超声吸收体的声学参数与水的声学参数相近时,可以在焦域内获得较好的测量结果。 相似文献
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本文根据吸声型薄膜声学超材料的吸声机理,在传统的吸声型薄膜声学超材料结构的基础上引入质量非对称结构, 优化了不同厚度质量片的排布方式,并根据优化结果制备了能够实现低频宽带吸声效果的薄膜声学超材料样品。对其进行声学实验的测试结果显示,样品在 100-1000Hz 频率范围内的平均吸声系数达 0.25,并在 250-800Hz 频率范围内出现了多个共振吸收峰,且实验测得的吸声系数曲线与仿真曲线的趋势有较高的一致性。因此该样品实现了低频宽带吸声。 相似文献
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Helmholtz resonators with sound absorption materials filling the neck may have an improved sound absorption capacity. In this work, parallel perforated ceramics with different perforation diameters were installed into the neck of a Helmholtz resonator to improve its acoustic impedance to simultaneously achieve a better acoustic absorption coefficient and a wider absorption bandwidth. An experimental system was built to investigate the effect of the perforation diameters on the sound absorption performance of the resonator. It is found that nonlinear effects near the resonance frequency affect the resonator?s neck mouth impedance and further its sound absorption performance significantly. For frequency range 50–500 Hz, a model of the neck mouth impedance is developed based on a revised Forchheimer relationship. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical model. 相似文献
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A study of the structure of electrohydrodynamic flows shows that the electric charge carriers are ions that are practically
frozen into the surrounding liquid. In other words, ions in weakly conducting liquids are capable of forming more or less
stable structures whose viscoelastic properties are different from those of an uncharged liquid. One method of studying this
effect is to investigate the velocity dispersion of ultrasound on charged supermolecular formations. The results of theoretical
and experimental investigations of acoustic dispersion in liquid dielectrics subjected to prebreakdown electric fields are
presented. A model problem of sound propagation in a liquid in which supermolecular structures have formed around elementary
charge carriers is studied theoretically. Approximate formulas describing the dispersion of the acoustic phase velocity as
a function of the electric field parameters and the electrophysical parameters of the liquid are obtained. The frequency dependence
of the sound velocity is of a resonance character, the resonance frequency being determined by the electric charge density
and the mass of the charged supermolecular structures. The experiments showed that the space charge affects the velocity of
acoustic waves in liquid dielectrics.
Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 67, 105–111 (October 1997) 相似文献
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《声学学报:英文版》2020,(1)
Bottom acoustic parameters have important influence on the application of underwater acoustic propagation and source location.The acoustic parameters of the seabed in the northern of the South China Sea(SCS) were inversed using the experiment data from an acoustic experiment in 2015.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the influence of the sound speed fluctuation and the geoacoustic model on seabed inversion,the multi-parameter hybrid acoustic inversion scheme is improved by selecting the equivalent mean sound speed profile(SSP) and half-infinite liquid bottom model to save the inversion dimensions in the matched field processing(MFP) inversion.The inverted bottom sound speed and density are in good agreement with the core sampling measurements.The nonlinear empirical relationship of the attenuation coefficient with frequency is given out.The inversion results are meaningful to the sound propagation research and application in the northern area of the SCS. 相似文献