Low-frequency susceptibility of single-domain nickel particles from 2 K up to the Curie point

The magnetic susceptibility of small single-domain nickel particles chemisorbed on a silica carrier has been studied as a function of temperature in the range 1.7 < T < 700K. The mean particle size was obtained from the blocking temperature in good agreement with results deduced from magnetization measurements. A slightly sintered specimen shows the typical behaviour of bulk nickel. The remarkable thermostability of the small particles seems to be of considerable interest.     

Tuning the spin dependent behavior of monatomic carbon wires between nickel electrodes

Spin polarized Density Functional Theory combined with Non-Equilibrium Green?s Function Formalism is applied to investigate the spin dependent transport in carbon based monatomic systems. Both one-dimensional linear and ring structures sandwiched between spin polarized nickel electrodes are examined. Incorporating of nickel electrodes and rings leads to interesting spin dependent properties. The influence of electrode structure is also addressed, using the Ni(100) pyramidal and plane electrodes. It is revealed that spin dependent behavior is largely determined by the atomic arrangement of the monatomic system, and that both the transport and magnetic properties can be tuned by odd–even disparity and/or appropriate ring(s). The mechanisms governing the spin dependent properties in these structures are discussed.     

Coercivity dynamics in micromagnets

For a system of non-interacting uniaxial micromagnmetic particles we calculate the temperature dependent dynamic coercivity for sweep rates f = 10^-1 -10⁸ Hz and for a wide range of temperatures. The coercivity is found numericaly from an analytic expression for the hysteresis loop. Thermal activation and backscattering are taken into account.     

Cryosynthesis of single-domain magnetite particles

The technique of low temperature synthesis of single-domain magnetite particles at the solid-liquid phase boundary was developed. Spherical magnetite particles 6–50 nm in size were obtained. The phase structure, elemental composition and morphology of the particles were studied using X-ray phase analysis, Auger spectroscopy, and scanning electron and atomic force microscopy.     

Magnetic anisotropy of single-domain particles

The competition between uniaxial and cubic magnetic anisotropies of single-domain particles is analyzed theoretically. As long as K _1c /K _1u < 5 (K _1c and K _1u are the first constants of the crystallographic and uniaxial anisotropies), the value of K _1u noticeably affects coercive force H _c and relative residual magnetization j _r of particle ensembles. If the uniaxial anisotropy direction coincides with crystallographic axis 〈111〉 or 〈100〉, the dependences of H _c and j _r on ratio K _1c /K _1u have a minimum. The competition between the induced uniaxial anisotropy and cubic anisotropy was detected experimentally when the effect of temperature T on the H _c (T) and j _r (T) dependences for single-domain spherical particles of magnetic 3d alloys and γ-Fe₂O₃ oxide was investigated. For all single-domain particles studied here, the effect of crystallographic anisotropy on H _c and j _r is manifested at low temperatures, while uniaxial anisotropy plays a decisive role in the temperature range T > 250 K. The effect of second constant K ₂ on H _c and j _r of ensembles of single-domain particles with uniaxial and cubic anisotropies is investigated theoretically. It is shown that the value of K ₂ may substantially change the value of H _c for a particle ensemble, preserving the value of j _r unchanged.     

Effect of deformation on Barkhausen jumps of fine wires of iron,nickel and iron-nickel alloy

The induction technique was used to measure the potential difference of Barkhausen jumps (V_B) for fine wires of technical iron, nickel and iron-nickel alloy. The effect of deformation and mechanical stresses on the dispersal band and on the behaviour of the measured values was studied. The theory of the measurement process is described in terms of magnetic domain theory. The behaviour of V_B reflects the magnetude of the applied stress.     

Spin reorientation transition in single-domain

We demonstrate that the interplay of in-plane biaxial and uniaxial anisotropy fields in results in a spin reorientation transition and an anisotropic ac susceptibility which is fully consistent with a simple single-domain model. The uniaxial and biaxial anisotropy constants vary, respectively, as the square and fourth power of the spontaneous magnetization across the whole temperature range up to . The weakening of the anisotropy at the transition may be of technological importance for applications involving thermally assisted magnetization switching.     

Coercivity mechanisms in nanostructured permanent magnets

Coercivity mechanism in permanent magnets has been debated for many years.In this paper, various models of the coercivity mechanism are classified and re-examined by the comparison and contrast.Coherent rotation and curling models can reveal the underlying reversal mechanism clearly based on isolated grains with elliptic shapes.By contrast, the numerical methods consider inter-grain interactions while simulating the evolution of the spins and hysteresis loops with complicated shapes.However, an exact simulation of magnetic reversal in permanent nanomagnets requires many meshes to mimic the thin domain wall well.Nucleation and pinning are the two main coercivity mechanisms in permanent magnets.The former signifies the beginning of the magnetic reversal, whilst the latter completes it.Recently, it is proposed that the large difference between the intrinsic magnetic properties of the nucleation centers and those of the main phase can result in a large pinning field(self-pinning), which has the attributes of both traditional nucleation and pinning.Such a pinning explains the experimental data of permanent magnets very well, including the enhancement of the coercivity by the grain boundary pinning.     

Coercivity and induced anisotropy of multilayer films

The effects of annealing on the crystal and magnetic structures and magnetic properties of Co/Cu/Co films with antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic coupling between Co layers were studied using transmission electron microscopy, Lorentz microscopy, atomic force microscopy, ferromagnetic resonance, and the magnetic induction method. The components of the coercivity and induced anisotropy of multilayer films are estimated theoretically. It is demonstrated that the behavior of the coercivity and induced anisotropy under thermal treatment is governed by changes in structural defects and indirect exchange.     

Coercivity of Cr-modified Mn2Sb

The intrinsic coercivity of sintered Cr-modified Mn₂Sb materials, where the particle size is about the same as the domain wall spacing, is found to be about 700 Oe. This originates in the difficulty of nucleating a domain of reversed magnetization. The coercivity increases initially with temperature, following the variation of anisotropy field.     

Coercivity reduction in a two-dimensional array of nano-particles

We report on theoretical investigation of the magnetization reversal in two-dimensional arrays of ferromagnetic nano-particles with parameters of cobalt. The system was optimized for achieving the lowest coercivity in an array of particles located in the nodes of triangular, hexagonal and square grids. Based on the numerical solution of the non-stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation we show that each particle distribution type is characterized with a proper optimal distance, allowing to lower the coercivity values for approximately 30% compared with the reference value obtained for a single nano-particle. It was shown that the reduction of coercivity occurs even if the particle position in the array is not very precise. In particular, the triangular particle arrangement maintained the same optimal distance between the particles under up to 20% random displacements of their position within the array.     

On magnetic ordering in colloids of single-domain particles

Observed data supporting the possibility of magnetic ordering in magnetic colloids are reported. Conditions under which magnetized structures arise in magnetic colloids, initial samples in which these magnetized structures can be formed, and colloids with a developed system of magnetized aggregates are analyzed.     

Noncollinear states in a chain of single-domain magnetic particles

The ground state of a chain of single-domain magnetic particles has been theoretically analyzed. The conditions under which this state corresponds to a noncollinear structure in zero external magnetic field are determined. Such noncollinear states are due to the features of the long-range magnetostatic interactions in the systems without the center of inversion.     

PrFeB纳米晶磁体的颗粒分布对其矫顽力的影响(英文)

Nanocrystalline permanent magnets (PM) have attracted great interest because of their low rare-earth content and relatively high maximum energy production~([1-4]).Many efforts have been made to understand the effects of grain size on coercivity and remane…     

Stochastic resonance in single-domain nanoparticles with cubic anisotropy

The signal-to-noise ratio for magnetic stochastic resonance in a superparamagnetic particle with cubic anisotropy is shown to be strongly dependent on the Larmor precession damping α. This phenomenon is due to the coupling of the relaxation and precession modes and can be used for measuring α. The dependence of the signal-to-noise ratio on α is characteristic of particles with nonaxial anisotropy; so the effect is absent in uniaxial particles.     

Coercivity variations with Pr- and Zr-substituted NdDyFeB-based HDDR powders

As part of an industry-based project, we studied the effects of Pr and Zr substitutions to a basic Nd₁₅DyFe₇₆B₈ material. We processed the materials using a conventional hydrogenation-disproportionation-desorption-recombination (HDDR) process and a simple rotary-pump vacuum; however, we also experimented with high-vacuum conditions in order to see what effect these had. The Pr and Zr substitutions were observed to have a positive and cost-effective influence on the coercivity of the processed powders: the optimum Pr substitution was the replacement of three-quarters of the neodymium, and for Zr, a much smaller 0.1 at% was found to be the best.Microstructural observations of the as-cast structures revealed significant differences between the Zr- and Pr-substituted materials and the additive-free NdDyFeB alloy, but post-HDDR microstructures were all very similar and provided little help for optimizing the processing conditions. By combining the substitutions of Pr and Zr in a relatively rare-earth-rich alloy, we were able to produce a coercive powder of >1000 kA/m and have a process which can now be quickly and easily transferred to the factory.     

Metallicity of atomic wires

The variety of atomic “dimensional” wires can now be synthesized on furrowed and stepped surfaces. These adlayers provide a variety of opportunities for systematically tailoring the surface properties. One of key issue is the metallicity of an atomic wire (even a “supported” atomic wire). Monte-Carlo simulations provide insight into the parameters of indirect interaction that are the basis for the formation of the atomic wires and their stability. In some cases, these results can be directly compared with density functional theory (DFT) calculations of energies of the lateral interactions between adsorbed atoms—one of the most transparent example of Sr/Mo(1 1 2) is presented here as well. It is the surface band structure calculations that provide insights on how metallicity in such surface structures might be altered.Surprisingly, like most of “metallic” wires on semiconductor surfaces, linear chains of alkaline earth on the furrowed transition metal surfaces, such as the Mo(1 1 2) surface, also do not exhibit strong metallic character but, rather, may be considered dielectric atomic chains. The adsorption bonds result in a loss in electron itinerancy, leading to greater valence electron localization in the adlayer in some cases. The localized character of the bands near the Fermi level, associated with the adlayer, is replaced by a metallic band structure when the lattice period of the adsorbed layer becomes incommensurate with the substrate periodicity along the furrows with increasing coverage of the adlayer. With changes in adlayer coverage, both theory and experiment indicate that the adsorbed layers can undergo a Wilson type nonmetal-to-metal transition.     

用一种新的装配方式制备单畴GdBCO超导块材

在顶部籽晶熔渗生长工艺(TSIG)的基础上,采用一种新的装配方式制备单畴Gd-Ba-Cu-O(GdBCO)超导块材,并对所得样品的形貌、微观结构以及超导性能进行了研究.结果表明,应用新的装配方式可以提高液相源块的支撑能力,有效避免样品在热处理过程中的倾斜或坍塌现象,从而提高了样品制备过程的稳定性和可重复性.此外,应用新的装配方式还有助于GdBCO样品的完整生长. 关键词： 熔渗生长 新的装配方式 GdBCO     

Coercivity and squareness enhancement in ball-milled FeCo–MnO nanocomposites

FeCo–MnO nanocomposites were prepared by ball milling mixtures of Fe, Co and Mn, where MnO was obtained from the oxidation of Mn after or during the milling process. The coercivity and squareness of FeCo–MnO nanocomposites increase with increasing milling time. After annealing treatment, the coercivity and squareness increase and exhibit a maximum at 120 h milling time. The temperature dependence of the magnetic properties of FeCo–MnO was also studied and there is a distinct boundary at 120 K. The exchange-bias field and the coercivity decrease quickly with increasing temperature from 30 to 120 K. However, there are no shifted hysteresis loops and the coercivity decreases slightly with increasing temperature from 120 K to room temperature. The enhancement of the coercivity and squareness is mainly attributed to the exchange-bias effects and the reduced magnetic interactions between the FeCo particles by the efficient isolation in MnO matrix.