共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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苯及其衍生物甲苯,一氯代苯都是重要的有机试剂和化工原料,也是对人体有害的有机物。为了了解这些有机试剂对处于生物液晶态的生物膜毒害的机理,我们以含水卵磷脂组成的液晶体系作为人工模型用小角X射线散射(SAXS)方法探讨这些有机试剂对它们结构的影响。关于苯或其它非极性有机介质与含水卵磷脂形成液晶体系及其结构模型前人有一些报导。 相似文献
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关于电解质溶液对卵磷脂液晶结构的影响前人有过报导。例如Chapman和G. Shiply等在研究碱金属氯化物对卵磷脂液晶结构的影响时指出:随着Li~ 到Cs~ 离子半径增加,脂双层的厚度也发生相应变化。Plainer等也指出KCI,NaCl溶液使磷脂层厚度发生变化。关于磷脂蛋白复合膜与Na~ ,K~ 、Ca~(2 )离子的作用也有一些报导。本文报导用小角X射线散射(SAXS)方法研究几种电解质溶液对卵磷脂形成液晶结构的影响。 相似文献
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NaCl、KCl、Na2CO3、K2CO3等电解质溶液对含水卵磷脂液晶结构影响的SAXS研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper describs the structural character of liquid-crystal of 5%H_2O-egg yolk phospholipid (PC) containing in avarious salt's solution, the layer distance was determined by means of SAXS method. Experimental results show that the layer distance of liquid crystal phase is increased in the 5%H_2O-PC system as the amount of solution of NaCl or KCl is increased. But on the addition of Na_2CO_3 or K_2CO_3 solution into the 5%H_2O-PC system the layer distance of liquid-crystal phase is held constant. It is considered that Na_2CO_3 or K_2CO_3, might be hydrolyzed producing OH~- ions, so that the latter could stablize the interfacial potential between water and egg yolk phospholipid. Absence of this behavior for solution of NaCl or KCl might be due to NaCl and KCl are salts which formed by strong acids and strong bases. 相似文献
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Formation and structure of liquid crystal in lecithin-water-oleic acid system were studied. It was found that different from the lecithin-water system, there are two types of liquid crystal present. The lamellar liquid crystal was formed at lower content of oleic acid, the values of interlayer spacing are larger than the values in the corresponding liquid crystal without oleic acid. The inverse hexangonal liquid crysta1 was formed at higher content of oleic acid. In lecithin-water-oleic acid(containing 15℅ cholesterol) system the phase behavior of liquid crystal is similar to that in the lecithin-water-oleic acid system. The solubilization rate of solid cholesterol in lamellar liquid crystal of lecithin-water-oleic acid system is more faster than that of lecithin-water system. 相似文献
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卵磷脂-水有序结构对CaCO3晶型的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Influence of the concentration of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the solution of 0.5mol?L-1 CaCl2 on the crystal structure of CaCO3 has been studied by means of X-ray diffraction method. When the concentration of PC is below its CMC, the calcite CaCO3 is formed. It advantageous that CaCl2 reacts with Na2CO3 so as to form vaterite CaCO3 in the lipesome composed of PC more than in the water. The arnount of vaterite CaCO3 formed is increased with increase of concentration of PC. But if the concentration of PC is so increased as to form liquid crystal, then the amount of vaterite decreases obviously. The reason for the difference of crystal type formed has been discussed in the paper. 相似文献
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设计并合成了7种新型甲壳型液晶高分子,研究了液晶基元的化学结构和立体效应对单体及其聚合物液晶性的影响.发现在液晶基元的末端引入极性或可极化的原子基团提高了单体的熔点和液晶相的热稳定性;液晶基元的长径比越大,单体的熔点和清亮点越高;聚合使单体的液晶稳定性增加、液晶相温度范围变宽;侧链液晶基元的极性、刚性和空阻越大,聚合物的玻璃化温度越高;酰胺基团无论是在分子的末端还是在连接部位,都使单体的熔点和聚合物的玻璃化温度提高,但在分子末端时液晶相较稳定,作为中心桥键时不利于液晶相的稳定形成. 相似文献
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直链醇链长对层状液晶结构与稳定性的影响 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8
作为助表面活性剂,直链醇在层状溶致液晶的制备中是非常重要的。本文以层状液晶的相行为和小角度X射线衍射测量,研究了直链醇链长对层状液晶结构与稳定的影响。 相似文献
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以联苯二酚,取代以苯二酚及含氟酮单体为原料,通过亲核取代反应,合成了系列具有液晶性的新型聚芳醚酮,研究了聚合物分子与性能之间的关系,由于结晶相是从有序的液晶相转化形成的,故侧基含量的增加对液晶聚合物的融熔转变浊度无显著影响,聚合物的液晶稳定性受侧基影响较大,含极性侧基的氯取代聚合的液晶温区比含大空阻侧基的聚合的液区小得多,说明空间几何因素比极性因素对液晶稳定性的影响大,不同分子量聚合物有不同的液晶有序结构,低分子量聚合物具有高有序液晶结构,而同分子量聚合物只有低有序的向列相结构. 相似文献
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氢氰酸、异氰酸与水氢键的量子化学研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用LCAO-MO-SCF的ab initio方法, 在4-31G水平上, 对CNH…OH_2, NCH…OH_2, HNC…HOH, HCN…HOH四种氢键体系进行了能量梯度法的构型优化和计算, 并分别进行了Morokuma能量分解分析, 计算了各作用能对氢键形成的贡献。考察了各作用能随氢键键长的变化情况。从理论上解释了各氢键体系键能强弱次序的变化。在一般情况下,静电作用的大小可以决定氢键键能的强弱次序; 但在某些情况下, 电荷迁移作用也很重要, 需从这两方面综合考虑才能确定键能的强弱次序。 相似文献
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Abstract— Semimethylene blue was generated by reductive quenching of triplet methylene blue, 3MBH2+, with diphenylamine at pH 0.62–3.4. A Q-switched ruby laser flash-photolysis-kinetic spectro-photometric apparatus was used to characterize the absorption spectrum of semimethylene blue from 350 to 900 nm and a number of physical constants at 25°C with μ= 0.4 M and Cl? as the anion. The specific rate of quenching of 3MBH2+ by DPA is 2.8 × 109M?1 s?1 in 5% EtOH-95% water and 1.2×109M?1 s?1 in 50 v/v% aq. CH3CN. Corresponding efficiencies of net electron transfer are, respectively, 0.15 and 0.62. Spectral characteristics in 5% EtOH are, for MBH22±, λmax= 375 nm, ε375= 9000 M?1 cm?1; λmax= 880 nm, ε880= 12700 M?1 cm?1; for MBH±, λmax= 410 nm, ε410= 9800 M?1 cm?1, λmax= 880 nm, ε880= 33000 M?1 cm?1; for MBH± in 50 v/v% AN, λmax= 400 nm, ε400= 11000 M?1 cm?1 and λmax= 880 nm,ε880= 39000 M?1 cm?1. The pKa of MBH22ε calculated from the pH dependence of the absorption spectrum is 1.86 × 0.04 in 5% EtOH and 1.15 in 50 v/v% AN. Rate constants, kdecay, for reaction DPAH±+ with MBH22ε and MBH± in 5% EtOH are, respectively, 3.9 × 109 and 9.5 × 109M?1 s?1. The value of pKa of MBH22ε calculated from the dependence of kdecay on pH is 1.75 in 5% EtOH. 相似文献
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合成气制乙醇Rh-Nb2O5/SiO2催化剂中的SMPI和助催剂作用本质的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
使用负载型催化剂由合成气制乙醇是一碳化学研究的一个重要发展。本实验室前已报道用化学反应法检验出Rh-Nb_2O_5/SiO_2表面上除了铑位外同时还存在氧化铌位。本文为兰部分工作所组成: (1)进一步用氢还原过的Nb_2O_5/SiO_2催化乙炔聚合成聚乙炔的化学方法推断Rh-Nb_2O_5/SiO_2上可能存在着Nb—H键。(2)用FTIR法检测上述催化剂的红外光谱吸收带, 1740(w) cm~(-1)为V_(Rh-H), 1560 cm~(-1)(broad, m)、1269 cm~(-1)(s)为与Nb—H有关的吸收, 后者可能属于桥式Rh—H—Nb的吸收。(3)XPS检测出合成气处理的Rh-Nb_2O_5/SiO_2表面上存在Rh~0、Rh~Ⅰ、Nb~Ⅴ、Nb~Ⅳ和两种不同的沉积碳。根据这些结果, 提出活性中心可能为A(参见正文图3)简写为B(见图3), CO转化的主要途径是而后C—O还原断裂生成=CH_2***, 再与CO偶联为CH_2=C=O, 最后还原为乙醇或乙醛。根据实验结果对本体系催化剂中SMPI和助催剂作用的实质作了讨论。 相似文献
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A mag1c angle spinning system for sealed samples has been achieved with a speed from 1.5 to 4.2 kHz. Using this system, high-resolution ~1H spectra are obtained for H_2S and alcohols adsorbed on charcoal in sealed ampoules. For high coverage of alcohols, the spectral lines are resolved very well, but for low coverage, the spectral lines cannot be separated completely. The details are discussed and the solution is anticipated. 相似文献
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合成了标题配合物C6H5C2H4CO(salen)H2O,并经元素分析、红外、紫外-可见光谱、差热-热重分析和循环伏安法表征.测定了晶体结构,其中轴向的Co—C和Co-O键长分别为1.962(14)和2.209(9)A,其Co—C键是目前RCo(salen)H2O中最短的,晶体属四方晶系,空间点群为P-42(1)C,品胞参数如下:a=24.789(9),b=24.789(9),c=7.060(7)A,β=90.00°,V=4338.9A3,Z=8. 相似文献
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