Reaction of carboxylic acids with tetrachlorosilane

Tetrachlorosilane reacted with carboxylic acids RCOOH (R = Me, Bu, t-Bu) to give the corresponding acid chlorides RCOCl in 75–95% yield. The reactions of SiCl₄ with trichloroacetic and 2-fluorobenzoic acids (R = Cl₃C, 2-FC₆H₄) occurred more difficultly, presumably for steric reasons, and the yields of the corresponding acid chlorides were 11 and 22%, respectively. Tetrachlorosilane failed to react with stearic acid under analogous conditions. Products of the reactions of SiCl₄ with chloroacetic and benzoic acids RCOOH (R = ClCH₂, Ph) were tetraacyloxysilanes Si(OCOR)₄, and tetrakis(chloroacetoxy)silane was formed in almost quantitative yield. The reaction of SiCl₄ with glutaric acid led to the formation of a rubber-like polymeric material with the composition C₅H₆Cl₂O₄Si. The effect of pKa values of carboxylic acids on the direction and mechanism of the examined reaction is discussed.     

Reaction of phosphorus trichloride with carboxylic acids

The reaction of phosphorus trichloride with a number of monobasic carboxylic acids has been studied and the optimum ratio of reactants for the yield of acid chlorides has been established. Based on analysis and the data from³¹P NMR spectroscopy of the phosphorus-containing products from this reaction it is shown that at 402-50°C a mixture of P-H acids having a predominant content of pyrophosphorous acid is formed.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 428–432, February, 1990.     

Reaction of carboxylic acids and isonitriles in small spaces

Reversible encapsulation complexes are applied to the reaction of isonitriles with carboxylic acids. Encapsulation facilitates these reactions by amplifying the concentration of reactants, arranging the acid and isonitrile in the appropriate orientations, isolating intermediates from bulk solution, and providing an organized solvent cage.     

Reaction of cis-2,3-dioctylaziridine with carboxylic acids

A series of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids reacted with 2,3-dioctylaziridine to yield β-hydroxyalkyl amides in 69–89% yields and 2-substituted 4,5-di-n-octyl-δ²-oxazolines in amounts ranging from traces to 12% of the theoretical. No correlation could be found between carboxylic acid strength and either hydroxyamide or δ²-oxazoline yields. Solvents affected the product distribution.     

Reaction of 1-germatranol hydrate with carboxylic acids

Reaction of 1-germatranol hydrate with carboxylic acids RCOOH (R = ClCH₂, PhCH=CH, Ph, 2-FC₆H₄, 3-BrC₆H₄, 3-HOC₆H₄, 3-EtOC₆H₄) in protic (CH₃OH, iso-C₅H₁₁OH) and aprotic polar solvent (CH₃CN) is studied. 1-Acyloxygermatranes RC(O)OGe(OCH{in2}CH{in2}){in3}N are formed in yields from 11 to ~100 % depending on the nature of the acid, solvent, duration of the process and the method of its completion. The reaction is the most effective in acetonitrile. Its topochemical completion (heating of the reaction residue in a vacuum) increases the yield of 1-acyloxygermatranes.     

Reaction kinetics and pathway of hydrothermal decomposition of aspartic acid

The kinetics and pathway of hydrothermal decomposition of aspartic acid were studied using a continuous‐flow tubular reactor. The reaction was carried out in the temperature range of 200–260°C and at a pressure of 20 MPa. Deamination was the primary reaction, indicated by the presence of significant amount of ammonia, fumaric acid, or maleic acid in the products. Other reaction products were pyruvic acid, malic acid, and traces of succinic and lactic acid. Traces of alanine were also detected, showing the possibility of decomposing high‐molecular weight amino acids to obtain simple amino acids such as glycine or alanine. Results on the effect of reaction parameters demonstrated that decomposition of aspartic acid is highly temperature dependent under hydrothermal conditions. For a slight temperature difference of 60°C (from 200 to 260°C), the first‐order reaction rate constants of 0.003 significantly increased to 0.231 s^?1. The activation energy was 144 kJ/mol, as calculated by the Arrhenius equation. No significant effect was exhibited by other reaction parameters such as pH and pressure. The results are useful in controlling the hydrolysis of proteinaceous materials toward high yield of aspartic acid under hydrothermal conditions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 39: 175–180, 2007     

Reaction of sulfolenes with silver salts of carboxylic acids and halogens

The reaction of sulfolenes with silver salts of carboxylic acids and iodine at a ratio of 111 has given the corresponding acylated iodohydrins. The partial deactivation of the double bond of 3-sulfolenes as compared with ordinary olefins has been shown.     

Reaction of sulfolenes with silver salts of carboxylic acids and halogens

The reaction of sulfolenes with silver salts of carboxylic acids and iodine at a ratio of 1∶1∶1 has given the corresponding acylated iodohydrins. The partial deactivation of the double bond of 3-sulfolenes as compared with ordinary olefins has been shown.     

Reaction of 2,3-epoxypropyl alkyl sulfides with carboxylic acids and phenol

Russian Chemical Bulletin -     

Reaction of amidines of aliphatic carboxylic acids with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate

It was established that dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate reacts with acetamidine to give methyl 4-hydroxy-2-methylpyrimidine-6-carboxylate, with formamide to give a linear addition product, and with trichloroacetamide to give cyclic and linear reaction products. The structures of the products were proved by alternative synthesis and the IR and mass spectra.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 831–833, June, 1977.     

Reaction of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine with chlorides of aromatic carboxylic acids

The reaction of methyl groups with acyl chlorides is described for the first time in the pyrimidine series. The corresponding ketones — 6-methyl-4-phenacylpyrimidines — have been obtained from 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine and chlorides or aromatic carboxylic acids. A possible mechanism of the reaction is discussed.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp, 1132–1135, August, 1973.     

Studies of acylation kinetics of aspen wood with aromatic carboxylic acids

With the help of Erofeev-Kolmogorov and Eiring equations kinetic characteristics of acylation of the aspen wood with the aromatic carboxylic acids in presence of thionyl chloride in the trifluoroacetic acid medium were calculated and thermodynamic parameters of this process were established.