The $${\mathbb {Q}}$$ Q -Korselt set of $$\mathrm {pq}$$ pq

Periodica Mathematica Hungarica - Let N be a positive integer, $${\mathbb {A}}$$ be a nonempty subset of $${\mathbb {Q}}$$ and $$\alpha =\dfrac{\alpha _{1}}{\alpha _{2}}\in {\mathbb {A}}{\setminus...     

Determination of simple CM abelian surfaces defined over $${\mathbb{Q}}$$

It is known that in the moduli space of elliptic curves, there exist precisely nine -rational points represented by an elliptic curve with complex multiplication by the maximal order of an imaginary quadratic field. In Murabayashi and Umegaki (J Algebra 235:267–274, 2001) and Umegaki [Determination of all -rational CM-points in the moduli spaces of polarized abelian surfaces, Analytic number theory (Beijng/Kyoto, 1999). Dev. Math., vol 6. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 349–357, 2002] we determined all -rational points in (the moduli space of d-polarized abelian surfaces) represented by a d-polarized abelian surface whose endomorphism ring is isomorphic to the maximal order of a quartic CM-field by using the result in Murabayashi (J Reine Angew Math 470:1–26, 1996). In this paper, we prove that polarized abelian surfaces corresponding to these -rational CM points have a -rational model by constructing certain Hecke characters.     

Rings of algebraic numbers in infinite extensions of $${\mathbb {Q}}$$ and elliptic curves retaining their rank

We show that elliptic curves whose Mordell–Weil groups are finitely generated over some infinite extensions of , can be used to show the Diophantine undecidability of the rings of integers and bigger rings contained in some infinite extensions of rational numbers.      

Actions of the groups $${\mathbb C}$$ and $${\mathbb C^*}$$ on Stein varieties

In this paper we present recent results concerning global aspects of and -actions on Stein surfaces. Our approach is based on a byproduct of techniques from Geometric Theory of Foliations (holonomy, stability), Potential theory (parabolic Riemann surfaces, Riemann-Koebe Uniformization theorem) and Several Complex Variables (Hartogs’ extension theorems, Theory of Stein spaces). Our main motivation comes from the original works of M. Suzuki and Orlik-Wagreich. Some of their results are extended to a more general framework. In particular, we prove some linearization theorems for holomorphic actions of and on normal Stein analytic spaces of dimension two. We also add a list of questions and open problems in the subject. The underlying idea is to present the state of the art of this research field.      

Domain decomposition based $${\mathcal H}$$ -LU preconditioning

Hierarchical matrices provide a data-sparse way to approximate fully populated matrices. The two basic steps in the construction of an -matrix are (a) the hierarchical construction of a matrix block partition, and (b) the blockwise approximation of matrix data by low rank matrices. In this paper, we develop a new approach to construct the necessary partition based on domain decomposition. Compared to standard geometric bisection based -matrices, this new approach yields -LU factorizations of finite element stiffness matrices with significantly improved storage and computational complexity requirements. These rigorously proven and numerically verified improvements result from an -matrix block structure which is naturally suited for parallelization and in which large subblocks of the stiffness matrix remain zero in an LU factorization. We provide numerical results in which a domain decomposition based -LU factorization is used as a preconditioner in the iterative solution of the discrete (three-dimensional) convection-diffusion equation. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-04ER25649 and by the National Science Foundation under grant No. DMS-0408950.     

Fibred multilinks and singularities $${f \overline g}$$

In this article we extend Milnor’s fibration theorem to the case of functions of the form with f, g holomorphic, defined on a complex analytic (possibly singular) germ (X, 0). We further refine this fibration theorem by looking not only at the link of , but also at its multi-link structure, which is more subtle. We mostly focus on the case when X has complex dimension two. Our main result (Theorem 4.4) gives in this case the equivalence of the following three statements:

$${\mathcal{C}}_{0}$$ ( X)-algebras,stability and strongly self-absorbing $${\mathcal{C}}^{*}$$ -algebras

We study permanence properties of the classes of stable and so-called -stable -algebras, respectively. More precisely, we show that a (X)-algebra A is stable if all its fibres are, provided that the underlying compact metrizable space X has finite covering dimension or that the Cuntz semigroup of A is almost unperforated (a condition which is automatically satisfied for -algebras absorbing the Jiang–Su algebra tensorially). Furthermore, we prove that if is a K ₁-injective strongly self-absorbing -algebra, then A absorbs tensorially if and only if all its fibres do, again provided that X is finite-dimensional. This latter statement generalizes results of Blanchard and Kirchberg. We also show that the condition on the dimension of X cannot be dropped. Along the way, we obtain a useful characterization of when a -algebra with weakly unperforated Cuntz semigroup is stable, which allows us to show that stability passes to extensions of -absorbing -algebras. Research supported by: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (through the SFB 478), by the EU-Network Quantum Spaces - Noncommutative Geometry (Contract No. HPRN-CT-2002-00280), and by the Center for Advanced Studies in Mathematics at Ben-Gurion University     

Cauchy–Schwarz inequalities for inner product type transformers in $$\hbox {Q}^*$$ Q ∗ norm ideals of compact operators

Positivity - Let $$\int _\Omega {\vert {\!\!\;\vert {\,\!A_t h\!\,}\vert \!\!\;}\vert ^2 +\vert {\!\!\;\vert {\,\!B_t^* h\!\,}\vert \!\!\;}\vert ^2}\,d\mu (t)<{+\infty }$$ for all h in a...     

$${\cal K}$$-Convexity1 in $$\Re^{n}$$

We generalize the concept of K-convexity to an n-dimensional Euclidean space. The resulting concept of -convexity is useful in addressing production and inventory problems where there are individual product setup costs and/or joint setup costs. We derive some basic properties of -convex functions. We conclude the paper with some suggestions for future research. Support from Columbia University and University of Texas at Dallas is gratefully acknowledged. Helpful comments from Qi Feng are appreciated.     

Characterizing cryptogroups with a finite number of $${\mathcal{H}}$$ -classes in each $${\mathcal{D}}$$ -class by their subsemigroups

We construct a family of completely regular semigroups with the property that each completely regular semigroup S with a finite number of -classes in each -class is non-cryptic if and only if S contains an isomorphic image of a member of . Each member F of is an ideal extension of a Rees matrix semigroup J by a cyclic group B with a zero adjoined and the identity of B is the identity of F. Here with I and Λ finite, G is given by generators and relations, and P is given explicitly. Within completely regular semigroups, the cryptic property is equivalent to where is the natural partial order and a if and only if a ² = ab = ba. Hence the above result can be formulated in terms of and .      

Maximal partial packings of $${Z_2^n}$$ with perfect codes

A maximal partial Hamming packing of is a family of mutually disjoint translates of Hamming codes of length n, such that any translate of any Hamming code of length n intersects at least one of the translates of Hamming codes in . The number of translates of Hamming codes in is the packing number, and a partial Hamming packing is strictly partial if the family does not constitute a partition of . A simple and useful condition describing when two translates of Hamming codes are disjoint or not disjoint is proved. This condition depends on the dual codes of the corresponding Hamming codes. Partly, by using this condition, it is shown that the packing number p, for any maximal strictly partial Hamming packing of , n = 2 ^m −1, satisfies . It is also proved that for any n equal to 2 ^m −1, , there exist maximal strictly partial Hamming packings of with packing numbers n−10,n−9,n−8,...,n−1. This implies that the upper bound is tight for any n = 2 ^m −1, . All packing numbers for maximal strictly partial Hamming packings of , n = 7 and 15, are found by a computer search. In the case n = 7 the packing number is 5, and in the case n = 15 the possible packing numbers are 5,6,7,...,13 and 14.      

On the distribution of the zeros of Eisenstein series for $$\Gamma _0^*(5)$$ Γ 0 ∗ ( 5 ) and $$\Gamma _0^*(7)$$ Γ 0 ∗ ( 7 )

The Ramanujan Journal - The goal of the present paper is to show that all the zeros of the Eisenstein series for $$\Gamma _0^*(5)$$ and $$\Gamma _0^*(7)$$ on the standard fundamental domain lie on...     

Beckman-Quarles type theorems for mappings from $$ \mathbb{R}^n $$ to $$ \mathbb{C}^n $$

Summary. Let We say that preserves the distance d 0 if for each implies Let A _n denote the set of all positive numbers d such that any map that preserves unit distance preserves also distance d. Let D _n denote the set of all positive numbers d with the property: if and then there exists a finite set S _xy with such that any map that preserves unit distance preserves also the distance between x and y. Obviously, We prove: (1) (2) for n 2 D _n is a dense subset of (2) implies that each mapping f from to (n 2) preserving unit distance preserves all distances, if f is continuous with respect to the product topologies on and      

Laguerre geometry of hypersurfaces in $$\mathbb{R}^{n}$$

Laguerre geometry of surfaces in is given in the book of Blaschke [Vorlesungen über Differentialgeometrie, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (1929)], and has been studied by Musso and Nicolodi [Trans. Am. Math. soc. 348, 4321–4337 (1996); Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 69, 123–138 (1999); Int. J. Math. 11(7), 911–924 (2000)], Palmer [Remarks on a variation problem in Laguerre geometry. Rendiconti di Mathematica, Serie VII, Roma, vol. 19, pp. 281–293 (1999)] and other authors. In this paper we study Laguerre differential geometry of hypersurfaces in . For any umbilical free hypersurface with non-zero principal curvatures we define a Laguerre invariant metric g on M and a Laguerre invariant self-adjoint operator : TM → TM, and show that is a complete Laguerre invariant system for hypersurfaces in with n≥ 4. We calculate the Euler–Lagrange equation for the Laguerre volume functional of Laguerre metric by using Laguerre invariants. Using the Euclidean space , the semi-Euclidean space and the degenerate space we define three Laguerre space forms , and and define the Laguerre embeddings and , analogously to what happens in the Moebius geometry where we have Moebius space forms S ⁿ , and (spaces of constant curvature) and conformal embeddings and [cf. Liu et al. in Tohoku Math. J. 53, 553–569 (2001) and Wang in Manuscr. Math. 96, 517–534 (1998)]. Using these Laguerre embeddings we can unify the Laguerre geometry of hypersurfaces in , and . As an example we show that minimal surfaces in or are Laguerre minimal in .C. Wang Partially supported by RFDP and Chuang-Xin-Qun-Ti of NSFC.     

On the structure of level sets of uniform and Lipschitz quotient mappings from $$ \mathbb{R}^n $$ to $$ \mathbb{R} $$

We study two questions posed by Johnson, Lindenstrauss, Preiss, and Schechtman, concerning the structure of level sets of uniform and Lipschitz quotient mappings from . We show that if , is a uniform quotient mapping then for every has a bounded number of components, each component of separates and the upper bound of the number of components depends only on and the moduli of co-uniform and uniform continuity of .Next we prove that all level sets of any co-Lipschitz uniformly continuous mapping from to are locally connected, and we show that for every pair of a constant and a function with , there exists a natural number , so that for every co-Lipschitz uniformly continuous map with a co-Lipschitz constant and a modulus of uniform continuity , there exists a natural number and a finite set with card so that for all has exactly components, has exactly components and each component of is homeomorphic with the real line and separates the plane into exactly 2 components. The number and form of components of for are also described - they have a finite tree structure.     

$$\aleph _0$$ -categoricity of semigroups II

Semigroup Forum - A countable semigroup is $$\aleph _0$$ -categorical if it can be characterised, up to isomorphism, by its first-order properties. In this paper we continue our investigation into...     

All superconformal surfaces in $${\mathbb R^4}$$ in terms of minimal surfaces

We give an explicit construction of any simply connected superconformal surface in Euclidean space in terms of a pair of conjugate minimal surfaces . That is superconformal means that its ellipse of curvature is a circle at any point. We characterize the pairs (g, h) of conjugate minimal surfaces that give rise to images of holomorphic curves by an inversion in and to images of superminimal surfaces in either a sphere or a hyperbolic space by an stereographic projection. We also determine the relation between the pairs (g, h) of conjugate minimal surfaces associated to a superconformal surface and its image by an inversion. In particular, this yields a new transformation for minimal surfaces in .     

$${\mathcal{M}}$$ -decomposability and symmetric unimodal densities in one dimension

In this paper, we introduce the notion of -decomposability of probability density functions in one dimension. Using -decomposability, we derive an inequality that applies to all symmetric unimodal densities. Our inequality involves only the standard deviation of the densities concerned. The concept of -decomposability can be used as a non-parametric criterion for mode-finding and cluster analysis.