关于正三角形和正方形吻接数的一个简单证明

设 pn是任意一个正 n边形 ,最大整数 k(pn)称为 pn的吻接数 ,其中 ,在同一平面内有 k(pn)个与 pn全等的正 n边形均与 pn有非空的交集 ,但没有重叠 ,而且 k(pn)个正 n边形两两没有重叠 . Youngs (Amer.Monthly46(1 93 9) 2 0 ) ,Klamkin(Math.Mag. 68(1 995 ) 1 2 8)先后证明了 k(p3) =1 2 ,k(p4 ) =8,作者(Discrete Math.68(1 998) 2 93 )证明了当 n >6时 k(pn) =6.然而 ,Youngs、Klamkin等人关于 k(p3) =1 2 ,k(p4 ) =8的证明非常复杂 .本文将就 k(p3) =1 2 ,k(p4 ) =8给出非常简单的证明 .     

关于多项式系数的整除性

设 n是正整数 ,k1 ,k2 ,… ,ks 是适合 k1 +k2 +… +ks=n的非负整数 ,正整数 nk1 k2 … ks=n!k1 !k2 !… ks!称为多项式系数 .本文讨论了当n=a0 +a1 p+a2 p2 +… +arpr ,其中 p为素数且 p≤ n,0≤ ai相似文献   

关于k-映射

本文给出度量空间ｋ－映象的一些新的特征。证明了ｋ－映射保持一些具有某种特定性质的点可数覆盖的空间。     

序贯可加图的结构

给定一个(p,q)图G和一个正整数k，G的一个k序贯可加性编码是不同的数k,k+1,…,k+p+q-1到G的p+q个元素的一种分配，使得G的每一边e=uv得到分配给顶点u和v的数值之和。若图的元素容许有这样的一种分配，则称该图是一个k序贯可加图。该文将给出序贯可加图的若干结构性质，并构造一个k序贯可加图的无限簇。      

The Zaremba Problem with Singular Interfaces as a Corner Boundary Value Problem

We study mixed boundary value problems for an elliptic operator on a manifold with boundary , i.e., in on , where is subdivided into subsets with an interface and boundary conditions on that are Shapiro–Lopatinskij elliptic up to from the respective sides. We assume that is a manifold with conical singularity . As an example we consider the Zaremba problem, where is the Laplacian and Dirichlet, Neumann conditions. The problem is treated as a corner boundary value problem near which is the new point and the main difficulty in this paper. Outside the problem belongs to the edge calculus as is shown in Bull. Sci. Math. (to appear).With a mixed problem we associate Fredholm operators in weighted corner Sobolev spaces with double weights, under suitable edge conditions along of trace and potential type. We construct parametrices within the calculus and establish the regularity of solutions.     

A Pieri-type formula for the -theory of a flag manifold

We derive explicit Pieri-type multiplication formulas in the Grothendieck ring of a flag variety. These expand the product of an arbitrary Schubert class and a special Schubert class in the basis of Schubert classes. These special Schubert classes are indexed by a cycle which has either the form or the form , and are pulled back from a Grassmannian projection. Our formulas are in terms of certain labeled chains in the -Bruhat order on the symmetric group and are combinatorial in that they involve no cancellations. We also show that the multiplicities in the Pieri formula are naturally certain binomial coefficients.

     

全有向图的幂敛指数

设D为有向图，T（D）为D的全有向图（Total-digraph),k(D)和p(D)分别为D的幂敛指数（Index of convergence)与周期（Period)，本文证明了。1，对任意非平凡有向图D,p(T(D))=1,k(T(D))≤max{2p(D)-1,2K(D) 1}，特别地，当D为本原有向图时，k(T(D))≤k(D) 1，当D不含有向圈时，k(T(D))=2k(D)-1；当D为有向圈Cn时，k(T(D))=2n-1.2。对任意非平凡强连通图D,k(T(D))≥Diam(D) 1。我们还证明了以上界是不可改进的最好界。     

Construction of orthogonal starters and corollaries

A method is proposed for constructing a system of (v–1)/2 pairwise disjoint orthogonal starters of order v for v6k+17 (mod 12)pn²+n+1/t such that the number 3 is one of the primitive roots of the Galois field of prime order p (k is prime, k 2, and n and t are positive integers). The starters occurring in this system satisfy certain additional conditions. The construction of a series of combinatorial structures, including some not previously known, is a consequence of this result.Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 654–662, May, 1992.     

A method for solving two-point boundary-value problems of difference equations

The paper proposes an iterative solution method for discrete-time, nonlinear, two-point boundary-value problems (TPBVP) of the form: $$\begin{gathered} x(k) - x(k - 1) = f(k, x(k - 1), p(k)), \hfill \\ p(k) - p(k - 1) = g(k, x(k - 1), p(k)), \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ subject to $$h(x(0), p(0)) = 0,e(x(N), p(N)) = 0.$$ It is a counterpart of a method recently proposed by the authors for similar continuous-time TPBVPs with ordinary differential equations. The method, based on invariant imbedding and a generalized Riccati transformation, reduces the TPBVP to a pair of approximate initial-value problems with ordinary difference equations. Numerical tests are run on two examples originating in optimal control problems.     

关于一个素数和一个素数的k次方和问题

设k≥2,Hk表示一个正整数n的集合,使对任意的正整数q,同余方程a+b2三n(modq)在模q的既约剩余系中有解a,b.Dk(N)表示n≤N,n∈Hk,但不能表成p1+p22=n的数的个数,其中p1,p2表示素数.则在GRH下,Dk(N)<<N1-1/k(h(k)+1)+ε,这里k=2,3;h(2)=2,h(3)=8.     

A method of constructing generalized difference sets

On the elements of the ring of residues modulo v (zτ v, 3τ v) we construct cyclic PBIB-designs with τ(v)-1 classes of connectedness, where τ(v) is the number of divisors of v. We prove the existence of cyclic BIB-designs with parameters b, v, r, k, and λ such that: 1) λ=k (and also λ=k/2 if k is even), k≥4, and (k-1) ¦ (p-1) for each prime divisor p of the number v; 2) λ=(k?l)/2, k odd, k≥3, k ¦ (p?1) for each prime divisor p of the number v.     

A recursive method of construction of resolvable BIB-designs

A theorem is proved that every resolvable BIB-design (v,k,) with =k–1 and the parameters v and k such that there exists a set of k–1 pairwise orthogonal Latin squares of order v can be embedded in a resolvable BIB-design ((k+1)v, k, k–1). An analogous theorem is established for the class of arbitrary BIB-designs. As a consequence is deduced the existence of resolvable BIB-designs (v,k,) with =k–1 and =(k–1)/2.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 707–715, May, 1977.     

Differential Forms and Smoothness of Quotients by Reductive Groups

Let :XY be a good quotient of a smooth variety X by a reductive algebraic group G and 1k dim (Y) an integer. We prove that if, locally, any invariant horizontal differential k-form on X (resp. any regular differential k-form on Y) is a Kähler differential form on Y then codim(Y _sing)>k+1. We also prove that the dualizing sheaf on Y is the sheaf of invariant horizontal dim(Y)-forms.     

Self-maps of p-local infinite projective spaces

Denote by Z (p) (resp.Z p ) the p localization (resp.p completion) of Z.Then we have the canonical inclusion Z (p) → Z p .Let S 2n-1 (p) be the p-local (2n-1)-sphere and let B 2n (p) be a connected p-local space satisfying S 2n-1 (p) ～= ΩB 2n (p) ;then H - (B 2n (p) ,Z (p) ) = Z (p) [u] with |u| = 2n.Define the degree of a self-map f of B 2n (p) to be k ∈ Z (p) such that f *(u) = ku.Using the theory of integer-valued polynomials we show that there exists a self-map of B 2n (p) of degree k if and only if k is an n-th power in Z p .     

Über das Geschlecht eines inseparablen Funktionenkörpers

Let K/k be an inseparable algebraic function field of one variable of genus g and characteristic p>0. By using constant field extensions it is shown that 2g≥p(p?3)+2 and g≡1(mod p) (for p≠2). Indeed, there exist inseparable function fields with 2g=p(p?3)+2. Moreover we prove that there is a least constant field extension 1 of k such that L=Kl is separable over 1.     

Outlines for the computation of the multiplicities of the spectra of orthogonal sums

If A and B are operators in the spaces X and Y, respectively, and if the operator B has many sets , , such that the manifolds p is a polynomial are dense in the space Y, then Here a=(the multiplicity of the spectrum of the operator A)=mindimL: span (AⁿL:n0)}=X. For example, if B=T^–g is a Toeplitz operator in the space H² with antianalytic symbol) and if g (the polynomial convex hull of the spectrum (A)) , then. Conversely, if and, then (under some assumptions on the regularity of the function f we have. One also gives examples of univalent and essentially univalent functions f (f H), for which Tf>1.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 126, pp. 150–158, 1983.     

The Spectral Function and Principal Eigenvalues for Schrödinger Operators

Let m , 0 m₊ in Kato's class. We investigate the spectral function s( + m) where s( + m) denotes the upper bound of the spectrum of the Schrödinger operator + m. In particular, we determine its derivative at 0. If m_- is sufficiently large, we show that there exists a unique ₁ > 0 such that s( + ₁m) = 0. Under suitable conditions on m⁺ it follows that 0 is an eigenvalue of + ₁m with positive eigenfunction.     

也谈实二次域类数的可除性

设ｄ无平方因子，ｈ（ｄ）是二次域Ｑ（ｄ）的类数，本文证明了：若１＋４ｋ２ｎ＝ｄａ２，ａ，ｋ＞１，ｎ＞２为正整数，且ａ＜０．９ｋ３５ｎ或ｎ的奇素因子ｐ和ｋ的素因子ｑ均适合（ｐ，ｑ－１）＝１，则除（ａ，ｄ，ｋ，ｎ）＝（５，４１，２，４）以外，ｈ（ｄ）≡０（ｍｏｄｎ）．同时，我们猜测：上述结果中的条件（ｐ，ｑ－１）＝１是不必要的．     

On the solution of a generalized Schrödinger-type equation

Lu(t)+(u,F)g(t)=f(t), tS. , ( F, g). .

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The authors wish to thank Professor Yu. A. Rozanov for his help and discussions.     

Almost π-Lattices

In this paper we establish some conditions for an almost -domain to be a -domain. Next -lattices satisfying the union condition on primes are characterized. Using these results, some new characterizations are given for -rings.