股本稀释效应下的认股权证定价模型与数值方法

本文研究了在股本稀释效应下认股权证的定价问题.假设随机利率服从Vasicek模型,利用Δ-对冲方法建立了权证价格所满足的偏微分方程.然后,通过计价单位变换,将偏微分方程降维,求得了权证价格的显式解,并给出了一种较好的数值计算方法,可运用市场的可观测变量来计算权证价值.     

具有多时点重置的欧式重置权证定价

考虑了一类具有多个时间点重置执行价格的欧式熊市(或牛市)重置权证定价,应用鞅定价方法和多维正态分布函数,得到了该类权证价格的显示解和△对冲策略,推广了Gray和Whaley的单时点重置权证定价模型.     

模糊环境下带交易费用的权证定价模型——纪念李国平院士吴新谋教授诞辰100周年

该文综合考虑我国证券市场中广泛存在的隐性交易费用, 建立了模糊环境下带交易费用的权证定价模型. 在假设交易费用率为三角型模糊数的前提下导出了新的权证价格区间, 并通过引入模糊期望的概念, 将区间数转化为与投资者主观判断无关的准确数. 基于此模型, 对模型中三角型模糊数的关键参数 进行了灵敏度分析和投资策略分析.     

基于GARCH模型考虑股本稀释作用的权证定价

考虑到认购权证对股本有稀释作用,把对认购权证定价转化为一个看涨期权的定价,运用GARCH模型得出看涨期权标的资产波动率的近似经验分布,根据期权定价的Black-Scholes公式,得出认购权证价格的近似分布.     

带基差风险和交易费用的不完全市场下的期权定价方法

本文研究了同时带有基差风险和交易费用的不安全市场中的权证定价方法。把[1]的模型推广到了考虑基差风险的情况[2]。期权的价格以一个三维自由边界问题的解给出,并含有两个相关的股票价格变量的相关系数。     

价格敏感的模糊需求下的定价订货策略研究

建立一个处在价格敏感的模糊需求下的供应链模型,应用模糊数排序方法,得到模型存在最优解的充分必要条件,并求出相应的最优定价订货决策. 最后举出多个数值实例,对结果进行验证.     

基于分形B-S定价模型的认购权证价格行为实证分析

针对证券收益率呈现"尖峰厚尾"的分布特征,在分析传统B-S权证定价模型的不足基础上,本文提出了基于分形理论的B-S权证定价模型,并利用分形B-S权证定价模型和传统B-S模型分析认购权证价格变化的行为。实证结果发现,两种模型的理论价格均低估了市场价格,且低估的程度具有显著统计性,其中以分形B-S模型评价结果最接近市场价格,评价绩效好。探讨影响分形B-S权证模型理论价格与市场价格差异的主要因素,结果发现距到期日时间的长短、价内外程度以及流动性在解释价差程度上具有统计的显著性。     

分数布朗运动下几何平均亚式权证的定价

假设股票价格变化过程服从几何分数布朗运动,建立了分数布朗运动下的亚式期权定价模型.利用分数-It-公式,推导出分数布朗运动下亚式期权的价值所满足的含有三个变量偏微分方程.然后,引进适当的组合变量,将其定解问题转化为一个与路径无关的一维微分方程问题.进一步通过随机偏微分方程方法求解出分数布朗运动下亚式期权的定价公式.最后利用权证定价原理对稀释效用做出调整后,得到分数布朗运动下亚式股本权证定价公式.<正>~~     

稀释效应、非参数修正和中国股本权证的定价

针对中国权证市场的特殊性,基于稀释效应、隐含波动率和非参数修正思想,提出适用于中国市场股本权证定价的非参数修正方法,并将其应用于时间外权证价格的预测。实证结果表明:在中国市场的权证定价和时间外权证价格预测准确性方面,基于稀释效应Ad hoc BS模型的非参数修正定价方法效果最好,相对优于不考虑稀释效应情况下的非参数修正定价方法,半参数定价模型以及参数定价模型效果较差.     

信用风险下的变化类型权证期权定价

主要利用公司价值模型将信用风险引入到变化类型权证期权定价中,通过鞅和概率的方法,推导出信用风险下的变化类型权证期权的定价公式,给出了更切合实际的期权定价.     

一种基于“垂面”距离和IFE的直觉模糊多属性决策方法

提出了一种属性权重未知情境下的基于“垂面”距离和直觉模糊熵(intuitionistic fuzzy entropy,IFE)的直觉模糊多属性决策方法。该方法针对基于相对欧氏距离的直觉模糊TOPSIS法中出现的逆排序问题,将“垂面”距离引入到直觉模糊决策理论中,通过将“垂面”距离对欧氏距离进行替换,提出了一种基于“垂面”距离的直觉模糊多属性决策规则;基于IFE最小原理和“垂面”距离最小思想,构建了融合主客观信息偏好的属性权重确定模型。最后给出了一个算例验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

Stochastic equity volatility related to the leverage effect II: valuation of European equity options and warrants

We propose a general framework to assess the value of the financial claims issued by the firm, European equity options and warrantsin terms of the stock price. In our framework, the firm's asset is assumed to follow a standard stationary lognormal process with constant volatility. However, it is not the case for equity volatility. The stochastic nature of equity volatility is endogenous, and comes from the impact of a change in the value of the firm's assets on the financial leverage. In a previous paper we studied the stochastic process for equity volatility, and proposed analytic approximations for different capital structures. In this companion paper we derive analytic approximations for the value of European equity options and warrants for a firm financed by equity, debt and warrants. We first present the basic model, which is an extension of the Black-Scholes model, to value corporate securities either as a function of the stock price, or as a function of the firm's total assets. Since stock prices are observable, then for practical purposes, traders prefer to use the stock as the underlying instrument, we concentrate on valuation models in terms of the stock price. Second, we derive an exact solution for the valuation in terms of the stock price of (i) a European call option on the stock of a levered firm, i.e. a European compound call option on the total assets of the firm, (ii) an equity warrant for an all-equity firm, and (iii) an equity warrant for a firm financed by equity and debt. Unfortunately, to compute these solutions we need to specify the function of the stock price in terms of the firm's assets value. In general we are unable to specify this expression, but we propose tight bounds for the value of these options which can be easily computed as a function of the stock price. Our results provide useful extensions of the Black-Scholes model.     

取大乘积型模糊关系几何规划

本文提出了一类目标函数为正项式,约束是取大乘积型模糊关系方程的优化 问题,我们在本文中阐述了取大乘积型模糊关系方程解的结构以及求解的方法,基于目标 函数中每个单项式的指数取值情况讨论了最优解,并且给出了解决此类优化问题的一个程 序,为了说明该方法的有效性给出了两个具体例子．     

模糊环境下美式看跌期权的定价研究

应用模糊集理论将无风险利率和波动率进行模糊化,以梯形模糊数替代精确值,将美式期权的定价模型扩展到美式期权模糊定价模型.得到了模糊风险中性概率表达式,并在此概率测度下推导出多期二叉树模糊定价模型,以及二叉树上各节点以梯形模糊数表示的模糊期权价值,以数值模拟演示了美式看跌期权的模糊定价过程.最后分析了不同风险偏好投资者在不确定环境下的套利决策行为,结果表明风险偏好大的投资者具有较高的置信水平、较小的主观模糊期权价格以及较大的无风险套利区间.     

基于直觉模糊距离的群决策专家意见聚合分析

提出了一种基于直觉模糊距离来聚合专家个人意见为一个优化的群体意见一致度的新方法.首先,根据直觉模糊集的几何意义,定义了两个直觉模糊集之间的距离;然后,利用直觉模糊距离来聚合专家两两之间对备选方案意见的一致度,综合考虑每位专家的相对重要权重,得到专家群体对备选方案意见的综合一致度;最后通过一个具体实例来说明这种方法的具体应用及计算过程.     

模糊运算和模糊有限元静力控制方程的求解

根据模糊数的区间形式表达和区间运算的性质,给出了模糊数和模糊变量的运算规则.据此并依据区间有限元理论,提出了结构模糊有限元静力控制方程的几种求解方法.方法可根据输入模糊数的隶属函数,给出结构响应量的可能性分布.且计算量小,易于实施.算例分析说明了方法是实用和可行的.     

基于Fuzzy推理的时变系统建模

提出一种基于Fuzzy推理的时变系统建模方法,其基本思想是:对时间维度进行分割,在每个较短的时间间隔内用时不变模型代替时变模型,将这些时不变模型组合在一起,最终获得一个整体非线性时变的微分方程模型.分别研究了输入输出型时变系统和状态空间型时变系统的模型建立方法,除了从理论上保证了所获得的模型对系统的逼近性,还从仿真实验验证了用该方法建立的模型对非线性时变系统有很好的逼近效果.     

Evaluation of fully fuzzy matrix equations by fuzzy neural network

In this paper, a new hybrid method based on fuzzy neural network for approximate solution of fully fuzzy matrix equations of the form AX=D$\mathit{AX}=D$, where A and D are two fuzzy number matrices and the unknown matrix X is a fuzzy number matrix, is presented. Then, we propose some definitions which are fuzzy zero number, fuzzy one number and fuzzy identity matrix. Based on these definitions, direct computation of fuzzy inverse matrix is done using fuzzy matrix equations and fuzzy neural network. It is noted that the uniqueness of the calculated fuzzy inverse matrix is not guaranteed. Here a neural network is considered as a part of a large field called neural computing or soft computing. Moreover, in order to find the approximate solution of fuzzy matrix equations that supposedly has a unique fuzzy solution, a simple algorithm from the cost function of the fuzzy neural network is proposed. To illustrate the easy application of the proposed method, numerical examples are given and the obtained results are discussed.     

Numerical solution of the nonlinear Fredholm integral equations by positive definite functions

A numerical method for solving the nonlinear Fredholom integral equations is presented. The method is based on interpolation by radial basis functions (RBF) to approximate the solution of the Fredholm nonlinear integral equations. Several examples are given and numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the method.     

A Nonsmooth L-M Method for Solving the Generalized Nonlinear Complementarity Problem over a Polyhedral Cone

In this paper the generalized nonlinear complementarity problem (GNCP) defined on a polyhedral cone is reformulated as a system of nonsmooth equations. Based on this reformulation, the famous Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithm is employed to obtain its solution. Theoretical results that relate the stationary points of the merit function to the solution of the GNCP are presented. Under mild assumptions, we show that the L-M algorithm is both globally and superlinearly convergent. Moreover, a method to calculate a generalized Jacobian is given and numerical experimental results are presented.