EVOH梳型单离子聚合物的合成及其离子电导电性质

EVOH梳型单离子聚合物的合成及其离子电导电性质;梳型聚合物;聚合物电解质;交流阻抗谱     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/石墨薄片纳米复合及其导电性能研究

在聚合物绝缘材料基体中添加入足够数量的导电填料 ,聚合物便具有导电性或半导体性能 .石墨材料 ,由于资源丰富、价廉、性质稳定 ,被广泛用作导电聚合物复合材料的填料 .一般 ,填料含量越高 ,复合材料的导电性能越好 ,但是材料的力学性能也随之劣化 ,特别是材料脆性增加 .将石墨加工成纳米级粒子 ,再与聚合物纳米复合 ,有望用较少的石墨填充量使复合材料具有良好的电传导性能 ,从而保持材料的力学性能 .最近报道的利用膨胀石墨与聚合物实现纳米复合的研究引起了人们的兴趣 ,如所报道的尼龙 6 膨胀石墨[1] 、PS PMMA 膨胀石墨[2 ] 、PP …     

导电聚合物的电化学制备和电化学性质研究——中国科学院有机固体重点实验室导电聚合物电化学研究工作简介(I)

简要介绍本研究组自上世纪80年代以来在导电聚合物的电化学制备和电化学性质研究中取得的一些主要成果,包括吡咯电化学聚合条件的影响、电化学聚合反应机理及其反应动力学、导电聚吡咯的两种掺杂结构及其两步电化学氧化还原过程和电化学过氧化的机理、导电聚苯胺的电化学性质、导电聚合物稳定性的电化学解释等等.     

导电聚合物的电化学制备和电化学性质研究--中国科学院有机固体重点实验室导电聚合物电化学研究工作简介(Ⅰ)

简要介绍本研究组自上世纪80年代以来在导电聚合物的电化学制备和电化学性质研究中取得的一些主要成果,包括吡咯电化学聚合条件的影响、电化学聚合反应机理及其反应动力学、导电聚吡咯的两种掺杂结构及其两步电化学氧化还原过程和电化学过氧化的机理、导电聚苯胺的电化学性质、导电聚合物稳定性的电化学解释等等．     

导电聚合物电致变色掺杂特征及表征参数

本文综述了电致显色材料的基本要求以及导电聚合物材料电致显色的机理、掺杂方式、掺杂特点。着重从电化学和紫外可见吸收光谱的角度阐述了电致显色材料的研究方法。通过改变电化学的过程,可获得一系列光谱特性,进而可得出导电聚合物掺杂和去掺杂过程对电致显色所产生的影响,为导电聚合物材料的改进和应用提供指导作用。最后,概述了目前电致显色材料研究的发展趋势。     

导电聚合物基电致变色器件的研究进展

导电聚合物作为电致变色活性材料是目前最有应用前景的智能材料之一。本文概述了电致变色器件的基本结构和导电聚合物的电致变色机理,着重介绍了多种导电聚合物基电致变色器件的特点、组成及制备,并展望了未来电致变色器件的发展及应用趋势。     

聚苯胺/聚(丙烯酸丁酯苯乙烯丙烯酸羟乙酯)导电复合物

导电聚合物成为当前热门课题,主要在于它有重大的应用价值．聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）是研究得最多的导电聚合物之一,是因为它具有良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性．此外,ＰＡｎ易于用化学法或电化学法合成,其单体的成本低．但与其它导电聚合物一样,ＰＡｎ也难以加工成型,若与各...     

金表面聚合物刷及图案化微结构的制备

采用表面引发室温原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)方法在金基底上原位制备了接枝聚合物刷,其制备过程用厚度测量,ATR-FTIR,XPS等进行了表征,初始时聚合物刷的厚度随着聚合时间的增加线性增加,表现为活性聚合的特征．XPS表征证明表面引发聚合后聚合物刷末端仍然存在ATRP反应的引发剂．紫外光刻图案化的聚合物刷作为电沉积的模板,经电沉积、后紫外处理、湿化学刻蚀步骤后得到了分离的导电聚合物微阵列结构,通过浇注／粘附处理将导电聚合物微阵列转移至硅油弹性体片,由于导电聚合物在湿化学刻蚀中对基底金具有良好的保护作用,因此在导电聚合物阵列被转移后,基底表面得到金微阵列。     

碳纳米管的修饰及其在超级电容器中的应用

碳纳米管以其窄孔径分布、高有效比表面积、良好导电性能、良好力学性能、优良化学稳定性和良好热稳定性以及较低成本等优点,被认为是超级电容器的理想电极材料之一.本文结合碳材料具有的双电层电容和金属氧化物、导电聚合物具有的准法拉第电容,综述了碳纳米管的修饰处理技术及碳纳米管/金属氧化物、碳纳米管/导电聚合物复合材料、碳纳米管原位再生长技术的研究进展,指出碳纳米管的修饰能更好地改善其电化学性质,因此碳纳米管复合材料是超级电容器电极材料研究的一个重要发展方向.     

离子液体应用于电合成导电聚合物*

自20世纪70年代导电聚合物发现以来,聚吡咯、聚苯胺、聚噻吩、聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）、聚对苯及其衍生物等,以其特殊的电子、电化学、光学性质以及巨大应用潜力受到广泛关注。离子液体是一类在室温或接近室温时呈液态的离子化合物,作为一类环境友好的新型绿色溶剂,具有很多独特的物理化学性质。本文综述了离子液体作为反应介质、支持电解质、测试介质以及离子液体参与形成的聚集体,在导电聚合物的电化学合成以及电化学性质测试中的研究进展,并展望了发展趋势。     

Molecular adsorption-mediated control over the electrical characteristics of polycrystalline CdTe/CdS solar cells.

The effect of surface treatments on p-CdTe/n-CdS solar cell performance was examined. Adsorption of organic molecules with various magnitudes and directions of the dipole moment on p-CdTe resulted in controlled changes in electron affinity and surface bond bending. Similar adsorption on CdTe in state-of-the-art p-CdTe/n-CdS solar cells changes the cell performance, and we explain this by a combination of increased series resistance and changes in light absorption and in cell photovoltage. While at this stage no improvement in performance has been found with these cell structures, which are the result of years of empirical optimization, the molecular effect on the photovoltage shows that it is possible in this way to control the photovoltaic effect at this junction. Separate optimization may well lead to improvement by inserting a dipole layer near the photovoltaic interface. Our results also show that this is even possible when dipole adsorption is performed on the complete polycrystalline thin-film cell.     

毛细管色谱过程动力学研究——径向扩散对流出曲线的影响

考虑到毛细管色谱分析过程中径向浓度梯度对传质过程的影响,建立了相应的色谱质量平衡模型,模仿Ｇｉｄｄｉｎｇｓ的假设,将模型适当化简,并通过数学变换的方法得到了流出曲线的一级矩及二、三级中心矩表达式。结果表明,溶质的径向扩散不仅对柱效、峰展宽、峰形特征等有影响,而且对溶质的保留时间也有一定的影响。     

Asymmetric catalysis for the construction of quaternary carbon centres: nucleophilic addition on ketones and ketimines

There is a growing need in organic synthesis for efficient methodologies for the asymmetric synthesis of quaternary carbon centres. One of the most attractive and straightforward methods focuses on the use of asymmetric catalysis for the addition of various types of nucleophiles on prochiral ketones and ketimines. A view of the literature from this growing area of research will be presented in this review, with an emphasis on the pioneer works and milestones brought by the main players in this field.     

Nonaqueous electrophoresis on microchips: A review

The use of organic solvents as electrolytic medium in electrophoresis has become an important alternative for the analysis of compounds that exhibit low or no solubility in water. In recent years, nonaqueous electrophoresis has been extensively explored in conventional capillary systems for different applications. On the other hand, this separation strategy is still not as popular as free solution electrophoresis on chip-based platforms due to the effects of solvent in the background electrolyte on the sample injection, detection performance, and microfluidic platform compatibility. In this way, this review summarizes the main achievements on nonaqueous microchip electrophoresis (NAME). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review dedicated to discuss exclusively nonaqueous electrophoresis on chip-based systems. For this purpose, some important theoretical aspects involved when separations are performed in organic medium, such as equilibrium, interactions and electrophoretic considerations, are included in the review. In addition, the main challenges, advantages and influences of nonaqueous media on the sample injection, detection as well as the choice of the substrate to fabricate chip-based electrophoresis devices are highlighted. Last, examples showing the feasibility of nonaqueous microchip electrophoresis for applications exploiting different methodologies, operational, and instrumental conditions are summarized and discussed. We hope this review can be useful to spread the huge potential of nonaqueous electrophoresis on microfluidic platforms.     

Electrochemical processes in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Editorial Comment Last month we presented, as a Special Feature, a set of five articles that constituted a Commentary on the fundamentals and mechanism of electrospray ionization (ESI). These articles produced some lively discussion among the authors on the role of electrochemistry in ESI. Six authors participated in a detailed exchange of views on this topic, the final results of which constitute this month's Special Feature. We particularly hope that younger scientists will find value in this month's Special Feature, not only for the science that it teaches but also what it reveals about the processes by which scientific conclusions are drawn. To a degree, the contributions part the curtains on these processes and show science in action. We sincerely thank the contributors to this discussion. The give and take of intellectual debate is not always easy, and to a remarkable extent this set of authors has maintained good humor and friendships, even when disagreeing strongly on substance. Graham Cooks and Richard Caprioli Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

检测实验室如何开展质量体系内部审核工作

详细论述了审核的基本概念、开展质量体系内部审核工作的必要性、如何开展质量体系内部审核工作以及中国实验室国家认可委员会的有关政策。     

Acoustofluidics 16: acoustics streaming near liquid-gas interfaces: drops and bubbles

In this sixteenth part of the series on "Acoustofluidics-exploiting ultrasonic standing waves forces and acoustic streaming in microfluidic systems for cell and particle manipulation," we continue our discussion on the analytical aspects of the streaming phenomenon. In particular, the use of the singular perturbation technique for this class of problems is delineated with a set of examples where fluid-fluid interaction takes place. In this category, we focus on drops and bubbles, and deal specifically with the effect of interfacial mobility on the streaming flow.     

Crown Ethers with Exocyclic Organophosphorus Groups

Abstract

In this report is adduced all data on synthesis, structure, chemical and complexingproperties, practical aspects of using the crown ethers with exocyclic organophosphorusgroups. The first articles on this class compounds was published in 1974. After 1988 [1] was published more than 100 papers which are discussed in this report. Also in this paper is included the author's published and non published data on syntheses, structure, chemical properties, toxic and biological activity the exocyclic organophosphorus derivatives of various aza-crown ethers (1–3) [2–4].     

Surface-initiated polymerization of conjugated polymers

In this feature article, we highlight the recent developments in the chain growth polymerization mechanism of conjugated polymers. With a particular emphasis on Kumada catalyst-transfer polycondensation, this article focuses on the surface-initiated polymerization of conjugated polymers, along with the opportunities and challenges associated with this technique.