Stabilisation frontière de problèmes de Ventcel

We study Ventcel's problems for the wave equation and the isotropic linear elastodynamic system. The boundary observability and the exact controlabillity were established in [3]. We prove the energy decay for the elastodynamic system with stationary Ventcel's conditions. We also give a boundary feedback leading to arbitrarily large energy decay rates for the elastodynamic system with evolutive Ventcel's conditions. A spectral study proves, finally, that the “natural” feedback is not sufficient for the exponential decay in the case of the wave equation with Ventcel's conditions.     

Algèbres de Poisson et Algèbres de Lie Résolubles

Let 𝔤 be a solvable Lie algebra and Q an (ad 𝔤)-stable prime ideal of the symmetric algebra S(𝔤) of 𝔤. If E denotes the set of nonzero elements of S(𝔤)/Q which are eigenvectors for the adjoint action of 𝔤 on S(𝔤)/Q, then the localization (S(𝔤)/Q) _E has a natural structure of Poisson algebra. We study this algebra here.

Soient 𝔤 une algèbre de Lie résoluble et Q un idéal premier (ad 𝔤)-stable de l'algèbre symétrique S(𝔤) de 𝔤. Si E est l'ensemble des éléments non nuls de S(𝔤)/Q qui sont vecteurs propres pour l'action adjointe de 𝔤 dans S(𝔤)/Q, l'algèbre localisée (S(𝔤)/Q) _E a une structure naturelle d'algèbre de Poisson. On étudie ici cette algèbre.     

Itération de pliages de quadrilatères

Iteration of quadrilateral foldings. Starting with a quadrilateral q₀=(A₁,A₂,A₃,A₄) of ², one constructs a sequence of quadrilaterals q_n=(A_4n+1,...,A_4n+4) by iteration of foldings: q_n=₄°₃°₂°₁(q_n-1) where the folding _j replaces the vertex number j by its symmetric with respect to the opposite diagonal (see Fig. 1).We study the dynamical behavior of this sequence. In particular, we prove that:– The drift exists.– When none of the q_n is isometric to q₀, then the drift v is zero if and only if one has maxa_j+mina_j1/2a_j where a₁,...,a₄ are the sidelengths of q₀.– For Lebesgue almost all q₀ the sequence (q_n-nv)_n1 is dense on a bounded analytic curve with a center or an axis of symmetry. However, for Baire generic q₀, the sequence (q_n-nv)_n1 is unbounded (see Figs. 2 to 7).      

Niveau hermitien de Certaines algèbres de quaternions

Let D [d] =(a,b/F) a quaternion divisior algebra over a field F of characteristic ? 2. Denote 1, i, j , k the basis of D, such that i²[d] n, j²[d] b, ij [d] -ji [d] k and A :D → D the involution given by i [d] -i, j [d] j (and k [d] k). In [LE] D. LEWIS asks the following question :Does there exist a quadratic Pfister form [S p. 721 [d] such that the hermitian form [d] [d] D is isotropic over (D, [d]) but not hyperbolic &; In this note, we show that the answer of this question is negative, so that the hermitien level [§I], when it is finite, of (D, A) is a power of two. This result holds for quaternion algebras with standard involution [LE].     

Estimation spatio-temporelle d'un modèle de système de particules

Let X be a discrete time contact process (CP) on ${\mathbb{Z}}^2$ as defined by Durrett and Levin (1994). We study the estimation of the model based on space–time evolution of X, that is, $T+1$ successive observations of X on a finite subset S of sites. We consider the maximum marginal pseudo-likelihood (MPL) estimator and show that, when $T\to \infty$, this estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal for a non vanishing supercritical CP. To cite this article: X. Guyon, B. Pumo, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).     

Sur un théorème de prolongement fonctionnel de Keldych concernant le problème de Dirichlet

Sans résumé Ces recherches ont fait l'objet d'exposés, d'abord au Séminaire de théorie du potential (Paris, javier 1960).     

Un phénomène de concentration de genre

We show that the main part of the genus of the preimages of a projective line by a generic holomorphic endomorphism of goes to the support of the Green measure.

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Résumé Nous montrons que le genre des préimages dune droite projective par un endomorphisme holomorphe générique de se concentre sur le support de la mesure de Green.A phenomenon of concentration of genus

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Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 32H50, 32U40, 32Q45     

Homologie de Quillen pour les algèbres de Poisson

We describe an explicit complex which calculates the Quillen homology for Poisson algebras. As a consequence, we show that in the smooth case the Quillen homology coincides with the Poisson homology introduced by Koszul and Brylinski.     

Caractère bien posé du problème de Cauchy pour le système de Bérenger

The Bérenger perfectly matched layer is used in computational electromagnetism as an absorbing layer in scattering problems. It raises delicate mathematical issues. In this Note we show, for regular data, the existence and uniqueness of strong solutions to the Cauchy problem derived from the PML method. The result is presented in the 2-D case. The key to the proof is an appropriate control of a mixed H¹- L² norm of the solution by the same norm of the initial data. Beside a paper is in preparation about extensions of this results (L² estimates, 3-D case) (see also [5]).     

Une justification du modèle de coques de Naghdi

We consider a thin linearly elastic loaded shell allowing non-zero inextensional displacements. Under some assumptions on the loads, we prove that the tangential and normal parts of the stress tensor are small compared with the transverse pan, when the thickness of the shell goes to zero. Besides, the displacement vector and the transverse pan of the stress tensor are of the same order of magnitude with respect to the thickness when the material constituting the shell is Isotropic and homogeneous. The limit model, which is a flexural model, can also be obtained from Naghdi's model but not from Koiter's model. In some cases of anisotropic materials, the displacement vector is of a larger order of magnitude than the stress tensor, when the thickness goes to zero.     

Groupes de transformations d’une sphère de cohomologie

Sans résumé Travail écrit alors que l’auteur était boursier du Fonds National Suisse.     

Problèmes de Monge-Ampère, courbes holomorphes et laminations

Riemann's Uniformization theorem is a classical tool for the study of elliptic problems on surfaces. Usually, the use of this theorem reflects the fact that the situation can be translated in a pseudo-holomorphic language: the solutions of the problem appearing as holomorphic curves for a suitable almost complex structure in a jet space. Often, the lack of compactness of the space of solutions of bounded energy is remarkably described by Gromov's compactness theorem on holomorphic curves. On the other hand for other problems, usually related to Monge-Ampère equations, a different type of lack of compactness appears; solutions with bounded energy converge and, furthermore, it is possible to describe what happens when the energy goes to infinity: the solutions tend to degenerate along holomorphic curves described by solutions of ODE. The goal of this article is to describe the "Monge-Ampère geometry" of the jet-space that corresponds to this phenonemon. We prove compactness results for the solutions of these problems, and show examples and applications of our technique. Furthermore, a moduli space of pointed solutions is exhibited with its structure of a riemaniann lamination. Submitted: December 1995, revised version: September 1996, final version: March 1997     

Modèles semi-factoriels et modèles de Néron

Let S be the spectrum of a discrete valuation ring with function field K. Let X be a scheme over S. We will say that X is semi-factorial over S if any invertible sheaf on the generic fiber X _K can be extended to an invertible sheaf on X. Here we show that any proper geometrically normal scheme over K admits a proper, flat, normal and semi-factorial model over S. We also construct some semi-factorial compactifications of regular S-schemes, such as Néron models of abelian varieties. The semi-factoriality property for a scheme X/S corresponds to the Néron property of its Picard functor. In particular, one can recover the Néron model of the Picard variety ${{\rm Pic}_{X_K/K,{\rm red}}^0}$ of X _K from the Picard functor Pic _X/S , as in the known case of curves. This provides some information on the relative algebraic equivalence on the S-scheme X.     

Équations de type de Boltzmann,spatialement homogènes

Summary We study the construction of a nonhomogeneous ⁿ -valued Markov process, whose laws at fixed times evolve according to a Boltzmann type equation (spatially homogeneous). We then consider the problem of the asymptotic propagation of chaos for a system of a large number of interacting particles.     

Une formulation hybride du modèle de coque de Naghdi

We present a new version of the Naghdi model for shells with curvature discontinuities. The unknowns – the displacement and the rotation of the normal to the shell midsurface – are described respectively in Cartesian and local covariant or contravariant basis. Our purpose here is to consider a constraint-free formulation instead of the one introduced by Blouza et al. (Two finite element approximation of Naghdi?s shell model in Cartesian coordinates, SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 44 (2) (2006) 636–654), where the tangency character of the rotation is enforced by penalization or by duality. This new version enables us, in particular, to approximate by conforming finite elements the solution with less degrees of freedom compared to the method of Blouza et al.