Surface and Antimicrobial Properties of N-Palmitoyl Amino Acid–Based Surfactants

Synthesized sodium N-pamitoyl amino acids were evaluated for surface and antimicrobial properties and compared with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). Emulsion stability of the amino acid surfactants and calcium tolerance of the sodium N-palmitoyl isoleucine were better as compared to SLS. Wetting ability and foaming properties of the palmitic acid-based surfactants were inferior to SLS. N-Acyl amino acids exhibited better antibacterial activity compared to sodium salts of N-acyl amino acids and standard compounds against Staphylococcus aureus MLS-16 and Bacillus subtilis. These studies revealed that the palmitoyl amino acid surfactants can be exploited in household, skin care formulations, and industrial applications.     

Synthesis of d,l-α-Tocopherol Catalyzed by Heteropoly Acids

d,l-a-Tocopherol(vitaminE)isgenerallysynthesizedbycondensingtrimethylhydroquinone(TMHQ)withphytolorisophytolcatatyzedbyvariousBronstedandLex'llisacidssuchasZnCI,-HCI'andAICI;'.Anessentialdisadvantageofthesecatalystsistheirhighconsumption.TheratioofZnCI,toTMHQIsaboLltI(I.Futhertllore.thecatalystsaredifficulttoberecoveredandreused.Recentl}.I.V.Rozhevnikovandco-workers'reportedthatthereactioncouldbecatalyzedbyheteropolyacids(HPA)H:PW,=O.,andH;SiW,=O..,.TheconsumptionoftheseHPAw…     

Properties of Methacrylic Acid–Methyl Acrylate Copolymers of Varied Structure

Physicomechanical and surface properties of films of copolymers of methacrylic acid with methyl acrylate, which have close compositions and molecular masses (M_n ≈ 5.7 × 10⁴) and various chain structures (gradient copolymer and statistical copolymer), were studied. The thermodynamic characteristics of the copolymers were determined; two glass-transition points (29.6 and 141.0°C) were found for the gradient copolymer, and one glass-transition point of 40.1°C, for the copolymer with a statistical distribution of units along the chain. It was found that more mechanically strong films with tensile stress of 2.8 MPa are characteristic of the gradient copolymer. The wetting method was used to determine by using the Hood–Kaelble–Dann–Fowkes approach the surface Gibbs energies of the films and their polar and dispersion components. Atomic-force microscopy was used to find heterogeneities (0.1–0.3 μm) on the surface of a film of a statistical copolymer, whereas the film of a gradient polymer has a homogeneous structure.     

An Efficient Procedure for Esterification of Aryloxyacetic Acid and Arylthioacetic Acid Catalyzed by Silica Sulfuric Acid

Aryloxyacetate and arylthioacetate are wildly used in herbicides, plant regulator and insecticides. Recently, Wille et al. have reported that methyl aryloxyacetate is an efficient agent to prevent and treat allergic contact dermatitis.[1] The most popular synthesis is by heating sodium phenoxide (mercaptide) with ethyl chloroacetate in DMF,[2] or by the esterification of acid with alcohol using concentrated H2SO4 as catalyst.[3] In this paper, synthesis of aryloxyacetate and aryl thioacetate from aryloxyacetic acid and arylthioacetic acid respectively in ether catalyzed by silica sulfuric acid in 83%～94% yields is described. The catalyst is reused for 3 times without significant loss of activity (Entry 4). Compared with common procedures, the present procedure possesses the advantages of the operational simplicity, short reaction time,less-corrosion, high yield and reusable catalyst.     

Preparation and Characterization of Molybdotungstoniobogermanic Acid

Recently,thepreparationandpropertiesofheteropolycomplexeshaveincreasinglyattractedattentioninvariousfieldsofchendstIy,especiallyincatalysicapplicationsfortheiruniqueproperties'.Sincel988,thestudiesoffour-baseheteropolycomplexeswiththeKegginstructurehavebeenreported.Asthespecialbifunctionalcatalyticand.-lantisepsispropertyoftheheteropolycomplexescontainingniobium',andsofarthemolybdotungstoniobogermanicheteropolycomplexesinwhichthecentralatomisgermanium,havenotbeenreportedyet,ennea-tungsto-bi-mo…     

Preparation of Vitamin K3 in Mo–V–P Heteropoly Acid Solutions by Diene Synthesis

Kinetics and Catalysis - The possibility of obtaining vitamin K3 (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, menadione) by diene synthesis from accessible substrates such as 2-methylphenol (o-cresol) and...     

Synthesis of 1‐Indanones via Intramolecular Cyclodehydration of 3‐Arylpropionic Acids Catalyzed by Heteropoly Acid as Heterogeneous Catalyst

Intramolecular cyclodehydration of 3‐arylpropionic acids catalyzed by heteropoly acids was investigated for the first time. Several 3‐arylpropionic acids were refluxed and dehydrated in chlorobenzene in the presence of 0.2 equivalent of heteropoly acids, and 1‐indanones were obtained in good yield. At the same time, intermolecular Friedel–Crafts acylation were observed in this experiment.     

Hydroformylation of Oleyl Alcohol Catalyzed by Rh—OPGPP Complex

Polyether-tailored phosphitc modified rhodium complex formed in stitu was highly active in the hydroformylation of oleyl alcohol in nonaqueous phosphitc/heptane sysntem where the phosphite acted both as the ligand and the second phase. This catalyst was casily separated by simple decantation and can be used for five times with only a slight decrcase in activity.     

Kinetics of Methanol Carbonylation to Methyl Formate Catalyzed by Sodium Methoxide

Kinetics of synthesis of methyl formate from carbon monoxide and methanol, using sodium methoxide as the catalyst and pyridine as the promoter in a batch reactor, was studied. Kinetic parameters such as the apparent reaction orders, the rate constant and the apparent activation energies were obtained. The experimental results showed that both the reaction orders with respect to CO and methanol equal to 1, the general reaction kinetic equation is (-r)=-dp(CO)/dt=k, p(CO).[MeOH], and the rate constant is k=8.82×10~6exp [-61.19×10~3/(R·T)] in the presence of pyridine. The apparent activation energies had decreased 6.44 kJ/mol and the rate constant had increased more than 1.5 times when pyridine was used as the promoter in the catalyst system.     

A Mild and Efficient Synthesis of bis‐Indolylmethanes Catalyzed by Sulfamic Acid

A mild and efficient electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with various aldehydes under catalysis of sulfamic acid afforded biologically important bis‐indolymethanes in good yields.     

季戊四醇双缩醛的合成与表征

本文报道了用１２－钨磷酸作催化剂合成了６种季戊四醇双缩醛，其结构用元素分析ＩＲ及＾１ＨＮＭＲ等进行了表征。     

HZSM-5催化的多相酯化法合成氯乙酸甲酯

氯乙酸甲酯是一种重要的有机合成中间体 ,广泛应用于农药和制药工业 ,也可用作有机溶剂、粘合剂、染料和表面活性剂的原料等 .目前国内的生产工艺采用硫酸催化的氯乙酸与甲醇的酯化反应 ,这种工艺存在不少问题 :硫酸对设备腐蚀比较严重 ,反应后处理麻烦 ,而且废酸污染环境 ;反应时间较长 ,氯乙酸转化率较低 ,易发生副反应 ,所得产物颜色较深 ,急待改进 .我们采用改性的 HZSM- 5为催化剂 ,以气 -固 -液多相催化反应替代了原有的液相反应 ,显示出不少优越性 :避免硫酸对设备的腐蚀 ,催化剂与产物易分离 ,减少污染 ,简化生产工艺 .1实验部分1…     

甲醇脱水制二甲醚的杂多酸/纳米HZSM-5复合固体酸催化剂

开发低温、高活性和良好稳定性的催化剂成为甲醇气相脱水制二甲醚乃至合成气一步法制二甲醚反应的核心.在氧化铝挤条成型的纳米HZSM-5沸石上负载Keggin结构12-磷钨酸制备了复合固体酸催化剂, 通过FT-IR、UV-Raman、³¹P MAS-NMR和XRD对所制备的样品进行表征. 以甲醇气相脱水制二甲醚为探针反应的研究结果表明, 在选定的操作条件下连续运转超过300 h, 甲醇摩尔转化率大于87%(理论转化率90.9%), 二甲醚摩尔选择性高于99.0%, 是目前该反应非常有效的催化剂之一.     

乙烯焦油炭磺酸催化果糖脱水合成5-羟甲基糠醛

以蒸馏后的乙烯焦油重组分为原料,采用交联-磺化法制备了乙烯焦油炭磺酸。 利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、热重分析(TGA-DTG)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对该催化剂进行结构和性能表征。 结果表明,该催化剂呈现无定形石墨碳结构,且具有较高的酸量(4.20 mmol/g),表面的磺酸官能团是其关键活性中心。 并将该催化剂用于果糖脱水合成5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)的反应,在130 ℃反应140 min,催化剂用量0.3 g、溶剂用量8 mL及助剂用量0.3 g的条件下,果糖转化率和5-HMF产率分别为96.2%和52.1%,分离得到的5-HMF纯度可达97.0%。催化剂循环使用5次后,果糖的转化率和5-HMF的产率分别保持在85.1%和40.8%以上。     

路易斯酸催化苯基重氮乙酸甲酯,苄醇和N-甲基靛红三组分反应

在过渡金属催化下,苯基重氮乙酸甲酯分解产生的卡宾与苄醇生成羟基叶立德,与N-甲基靛红发生类似于羟醛缩合的反应.铜催化剂和其他路易斯酸用于催化这类三组分反应中,获得了与二价铑不同的化学和立体选择性.手性铜催化剂初步实现了不对称催化,获得了中等程度的对映选择性.     

离子液体中Lewis酸催化葡萄糖和果糖脱水制备5-羟甲基呋喃甲醛

在离子液体中采用不同的Lewis酸催化葡萄糖和果糖脱水制备5-羟甲基呋喃甲醛(5-HMF).结果表明,CrCln和SnCln均可高效催化葡萄糖转化为5-HMF.另外,Lewis酸的酸性越强,其催化果糖转化为5-HMF的产率越高.镧系金属氯化物在反应中表现出较好的催化活性和产物选择性.同时还研究了离子液体结构对催化反应的...     

磷钼钒杂多酸催化苯制苯酚的研究

将磷钼钒杂多酸应用于以过氧化氢作氧化剂,冰醋酸作溶剂的苯一步氧化制苯酚反应中,分别考察了杂多酸、过氧化氢和冰醋酸的用量,以及反应温度和反应时间等因素对苯制苯酚反应的影响,并通过单因素实验方法确定了较为适宜的工艺条件.     

稀土元素对磷钼钒杂多酸催化氧化活性的影响

讨论了镧的置換度和稀土元素对含氧有机化合物在杂多酸催化剂上的氧化反应的影响,并与催化剂的结构进行了关联。镧的引入不影响氧化脱氢反应,而明显削弱插入氧反应。其它稀土元素的影响与镧相同。     

Dawson结构杂多盐催化氧化环己酮合成己二酸

Dawson结构杂多盐催化氧化环己酮合成己二酸;己二酸;环己酮;Dawson结构;催化氧化