共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 11 毫秒
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Heath-bath effects in the dynamics of atom+cavity system are studied. The temperature effects are explored using thermofield dynamics formalism. It is found that the dynamics of the system is sensitive to small changes in the temperature and the thermal effects lead to increasing instabilities by causing transitions from regular to chaotic motion. 相似文献
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The main objective of this paper was to obtain an operator realization for the bosonization of fermions in 1 + 1 dimensions, at finite, non-zero temperature T. This is achieved in the framework of the real-time formalism of Thermofield Dynamics. Formally, the results parallel those of the T = 0 case. The well-known two-dimensional Fermion–Boson correspondences at zero temperature are shown to hold also at finite temperature. To emphasize the usefulness of the operator realization for handling a large class of two-dimensional quantum field-theoretic problems, we contrast this global approach with the cumbersome calculation of the fermion-current two-point function in the imaginary-time formalism and real-time formalisms. The calculations also illustrate the very different ways in which the transmutation from Fermi–Dirac to Bose–Einstein statistics is realized. 相似文献
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Analabha Roy 《The European physical journal. Special topics》2013,222(3-4):975-993
The aim of this mini review is to survey the literature on the study of nonequilibrium dynamics of Fermi superfluids in the BCS and BEC limits, both in the single channel and dual channel cases. The focus is on mean field approaches to the dynamics, with specific attention drawn to the dynamics of the Ginzburg-Landau order parameters of the Fermi and composite Bose fields, as well as on the microscopic dynamics of the quantum degrees of freedom. The two approaches are valid approximations in two different time scales of the ensuing dynamics. The system is presumed to evolve during and/or after a quantum quench in the parameter space. The quench can either be an impulse quench with virtually instantaneous variation, or a periodic variation between two values. The literature for the order parameter dynamics, described by the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations, is reviewed, and the works of the author in this area highlighted. The mixed phase regime in the dual channel case is also considered, and the dual order parameter dynamics of Fermi-Bose mixtures reviewed. Finally, the nonequilibrium dynamics of the microscopic degrees of freedom for the superfluid is reviewed for the self-consistent and non self-consistent cases. The dynamics of the former can be described by the Bogoliubov de-Gennes equations with the equilibrium BCS gap equation continued in time and self -consistently coupled to the BdG dynamics. The latter is a reduced BCS problem and can be mapped onto the dynamics of Ising and Kitaev models. This article reviews the dynamics of both impulse quenches in the Feshbach detuning, as well as periodic quenches in the chemical potential, and highlights the author’s contributions in this area of research. 相似文献
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Hwa T 《Physical review letters》1992,69(10):1552-1555
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The mechanics of cells is strongly affected by molecular motors that generate forces in the cellular cytoskeleton. We develop a model for cytoskeletal networks driven out of equilibrium by molecular motors exerting transient contractile stresses. Using this model we show how motor activity can dramatically increase the network's bulk elastic moduli. We also show how motor binding kinetics naturally leads to enhanced low-frequency stress fluctuations that result in nonequilibrium diffusive motion within an elastic network, as seen in recent in vitro and in vivo experiments. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the nonequilibrium dynamics of two-dimensional Ising spin glass by dynamical Monte Carlo simulations. A new method is developed to quantitatively measure the age of domain growth. Using this method it investigates how temperature shift affects the effective age of domain growth. It finds that the T -shift dependence of the effective age follows the prediction of the droplet model quite well. It also investigates the overlap length between the spin glass states as well as the correlated flips of spins,which are not consistent with the theoretical predictions. The possible reasons are discussed. 相似文献
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C. Godrèche J.M. Luck 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2001,23(4):473-486
We consider a mean-field dynamical urn model, defined by rules which give the rate at which a ball is drawn from an urn and put in another one, chosen amongst an assembly. At equilibrium, this model possesses a fluid and a condensed phase, separated by a critical line. We present an analytical study of the nonequilibrium properties of the fluctuating number of balls in a given urn, considering successively the temporal evolution of its distribution, of its two-time correlation and response functions, and of the associated fluctuation-dissipation ratio, both along the critical line and in the condensed phase. For well separated times the fluctuation-dissipation ratio admits non-trivial limit values, both at criticality and in the condensed phase, which are universal quantities depending continuously on temperature. 相似文献
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A generating functional is constructed for real-time Green functions in quantum statistical mechanics in the context of thermofield dynamics. The KMS condition is taken as an axiom which together with field equations fixes the generating functional for causal Green functions in an interacting quantum field theory. This leads to Feynman rules for diagrammatic real-time perturbation theory. 相似文献
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The dynamics of partons, hadrons and strings in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is analyzed within the novel Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach, which is based on a dynamical quasiparticle model for partons (DQPM) matched to reproduce recent lattice-QCD results—including the partonic equation of state—in thermodynamic equilibrium. The transition from partonic to hadronic degrees of freedom is described by covariant transition rates for the fusion of quark-antiquark pairs or three quarks (antiquarks), respectively, obeying flavor current-conservation, color neutrality as well as energymomentum conservation. Since the dynamical quarks and antiquarks become very massive close to the phase transition, the formed resonant ‘pre-hadronic’ color-dipole states (q [`(q)]bar q or qqq) are of high invariant mass, too, and sequentially decay to the groundstate meson and baryon octets increasing the total entropy. When applying the PHSD approach to Pb + Pb colllisions at 158 A GeV we find a significant effect of the partonic phase on the production of multi-strange antibaryons due to a slightly enhanced s [`(q)]bar q pair production from massive time-like gluon decay and a larger formation of antibaryons in the hadronization process. 相似文献
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We summarize in the present work exact results obtained for Tonks-Girardeau gases on one-dimensional optical lattices both for the ground state and nonequilibrium dynamics. On the theoretical side, impenetrable bosons offer the opportunity to study strongly interacting systems in one-dimensional lattices exactly, by means of the Jordan-Wigner transformation, and hence contribute to the topic of strong correlations at the center of interest in both condensed matter physics and quantum gases. This motivation is further enhanced by recent experimental realizations of such systems with ultracold atoms. After having shown their universal properties in equilibrium, we concentrate on their nonequilibrium dynamics. It will be shown that, starting from a pure Fock state, quasi-long-range correlations develop dynamically and lead to the formation of quasicondensates with a momentum determined by the underlying lattice. We expect this effect to be relevant for atom lasers with full control of the wavelength. Then, we will show that the free evolution of an initially confined Tonks-Girardeau gas leads to a momentum distribution that approaches at long times that of the equivalent fermionic system, giving rise to a bosonic gas with a Fermi edge, and hence a fermionization that can only be obtained out of equilibrium. Remarkably, although the momentum distribution function of the Tonks-Girardeau gas becomes equal to the one of the fermions, no loss in coherence is observed in the system, as reflected by a large occupation of eigenstates of the one-particle density matrix. 相似文献
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We study the spin dynamics in charged quantum dots in the situation where the resident electron is coupled to only about 200 nuclear spins and where the electron spin splitting induced by the Overhauser field does not exceed markedly the spectral broadening. The formation of a dynamical nuclear polarization as well as its subsequent decay by the dipole-dipole interaction is directly resolved in time. Because not limited by intrinsic nonlinearities, almost complete nuclear polarization is achieved, even at elevated temperatures. The data suggest a nonequilibrium mode of nuclear polarization, distinctly different from the spin temperature concept exploited on bulk semiconductors. 相似文献
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The relaxation dynamics of correlated electron transport along molecular chains is studied based on a substantially improved numerically exact path integral Monte Carlo approach. As an archetypical model, we consider a Hubbard chain containing two interacting electrons coupled to a bosonic bath. For this generalization of the ubiquitous spin-boson model, non-Boltzmann equilibrium distributions are found for many-body states. By mapping the multiparticle dynamics onto an isomorphic single particle motion, this phenomenon is shown to be sensitive to particle statistics and, due to its robustness, allows for new control schemes in designed quantum aggregates. 相似文献
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We formulate and study the nonequilibrium dynamics of strings near the singularity of the time-dependent plane wave background in the framework of the Nonequilibrium Thermo Field Dynamics (NETFD). In particular, we construct the Hilbert space of the thermal string oscillators at nonequilibrium and generalize the NETFD to describe the coordinates of the center of mass of the thermal string. The equations of motion of the thermal fields and the Hamiltonian are derived. Due to the time-dependence of the oscillator frequencies, a counterterm is present in the Hamiltonian. This counterterm determines the correlation functions in a perturbative fashion. We compute the two point correlation function of the thermal string at zero order in the power expansion. 相似文献
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A. Anisimov 《Annals of Physics》2009,324(6):1234-1260
We study the approach to equilibrium for a scalar field which is coupled to a large thermal bath. Our analysis of the initial value problem is based on Kadanoff-Baym equations which are shown to be equivalent to a stochastic Langevin equation. The interaction with the thermal bath generates a temperature-dependent spectral density, either through decay and inverse decay processes or via Landau damping. In equilibrium, energy density and pressure are determined by the Bose-Einstein distribution function evaluated at a complex quasi-particle pole. The time evolution of the statistical propagator is compared with solutions of the Boltzmann equations for particles as well as quasi-particles. The dependence on initial conditions and the range of validity of the Boltzmann approximation are determined. 相似文献
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T. Tohyama 《The European physical journal. Special topics》2013,222(5):1065-1075
One of the outstanding contemporary challenges in condensed matter physics is to understand the dynamics of interacting quantum systems exposed to an external perturbation. We theoretically examine nonequilibrium photo dynamics and its interplay of charge, spin, and lattice degrees of freedom on a Hubbard-Holstein chain in one dimension and a t-J-Holstein square lattice in two dimensions. In the chain, performing dynamical density-matrix renormalization group calculations, we find that many phonons generated dynamically after photo irradiation in Mott insulators cause initial relaxation process. On the other hand, in the square lattice with model parameters as relevant for cuprates, a Lanczos-type exact diagonalization calculation shows that the majority of absorbed energy flows into spin subsystem rather than phonon subsystem. 相似文献
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X.B. Xu H. Fangohr X.N. Xu M. Gu S.Y. Ding D.Q. Shi S.X. Dou 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》2009,469(22):2008-2011
We study numerically the dynamics relating to negative vortex motion in inhomogeneous pinning systems. We show that this dynamical phenomenon results from the internal field effect produced by the growing local barriers with decreasing temperature. We find that the negative motion is characterized by a peak of negative voltage or resistance in resistance–temperature transport measurements. We also demonstrate that the time window to observe the negative motion is determined by the magnitude of driving force in addition to the temperature scanning rate. 相似文献
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Mertes KM Merrill JW Carretero-González R Frantzeskakis DJ Kevrekidis PG Hall DS 《Physical review letters》2007,99(19):190402
We revisit a classic study [D. S. Hall, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1539 (1998)10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1539] of interpenetrating Bose-Einstein condensates in the hyperfine states |F=1,m{f}=-1 identical with |1 and |F=2,m{f}=+1 identical with |2 of 87Rb and observe striking new nonequilibrium component separation dynamics in the form of oscillating ringlike structures. The process of component separation is not significantly damped, a finding that also contrasts sharply with earlier experimental work, allowing a clean first look at a collective excitation of a binary superfluid. We further demonstrate extraordinary quantitative agreement between theoretical and experimental results using a multicomponent mean-field model with key additional features: the inclusion of atomic losses and the careful characterization of trap potentials (at the level of a fraction of a percent). 相似文献