含二噻吩乙烯的非线性光学开关分子的新设计方案研究

本文提出了一种利用二噻吩乙烯来设计光致二阶非线性光学开关分子的新方案. 与传统设计方案不同之处在于,新方案中,二噻吩乙烯主要作为一个得失电子能力可以改变的基团处于化合物的端基上. 通过设计一组结构简单的模型化合物,并利用密度泛函理论计算它们的一阶超极化率β,我们实验了新方案的效果. 计算结果表明,使用适当的取代基,能使设计的分子的光异构体之间的β比值达到10倍左右,差值超过100×10-30 esu,使得这组模型化合物的二阶非线性光学开关能力不逊色于一些遵循传统设计方案的复杂金属有机化合物.     

含二噻吩乙烯的非线性光学开关分子的新设计方案研究

本文提出了一种利用二噻吩乙烯来设计光致二阶非线性光学开关分子的新方案.与传统设计方案不同之处在于,新方案中,二噻吩乙烯主要作为一个得失电子能力可以改变的基团处于化合物的端基上.通过设计一组结构简单的模型化合物,并利用密度泛函理论计算它们的一阶超极化率β,我们实验了新方案的效果.计算结果表明,使用适当的取代基,能使设计的分子的光异构体之间的β比值达到10倍左右,差值超过100×10-30esu,使得这组模型化合物的二阶非线性光学开关能力不逊色于一些遵循传统设计方案的复杂金属有机化合物.     

具有不同取代基团的香豆素系列分子二阶非线性光学性质的DFT研究

本文设计了具有不同取代基团的7-苯乙烯基香豆素和4-苯乙烯基香豆素的A、B两个系列共14个化合物分子.采用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-31G方法对其几何构型进行了全结构优化.在所得优化结构的基础上对这些分子的稳态二阶非线性光学(NLO)系数β值进行计算分析,同时用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)对这些分子的电子性质进行了研究.结果表明:此类香豆素化合物具有较大的分子β值,其中A类分子的共面性好,共轭链长,β值均比B类分子的大.14个化合物中前线分子轨道能级差越小的化合物,其βwt值越大.各分子前线分子轨道跃迁对二阶NLO效应有明显的贡献.     

4-N-甲基苯乙烯砒啶盐衍生物非线性光学性质的理论研究

设计了9种4-N-甲基苯乙烯砒啶盐衍生物分子,以密度泛函B3LYP/6-31G方法优化的构型为基础,采用耦合微扰(CPHF)方法研究了体系的非线性光学性质,对体系的电荷布居、吸收光谱及前线分子轨道等性质进行了分析,发现用线性关系对各分子一阶静态超极化率、基态和激发态偶极矩差、激发能及取代基给电子能力之间的关系进行描述是可行的,而且该分子体系的非线性光学响应完全可用二能级模型近似处理.     

具有不同取代基团的香豆素系列分子二阶非线性光学性质的DFT研究

本文设计了具有不同取代基团的7-苯乙烯基香豆素和4-苯乙烯基香豆素的A、B两个系列共14个化合物分子。采用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-31G方法对其几何构型进行了全结构优化．在所得优化结构的基础上对这些分子的稳态二阶非线性光学（NLO）系数β值进行计算分析,同时用含时密度泛函理论（TD-DFT）对这些分子的电子性质进行了研究．结果表明：此类香豆素化合物具有较大的分子β值,其中A类分子的共面性好,共轭链长,β值均比B类分子的大．14个化合物中前线分子轨道能级差越小的化合物,其βtot值越大．各分子前线分子轨道跃迁对二阶NLO效应有明显的贡献．     

α、β-并三噻吩衍生物分子的二阶非线性光学性质

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-31+g(d)方法对二聚α、β-并三噻吩衍生物的18个分子(a~j2)进行几何构型优化,对其最优构型采用TD-DFT(TDB3LYP/6-31+g(d))计算电子吸收光谱,用有限场FF方法及自编程序计算二阶非线性光学(NLO)性质。计算结果表明,增加共轭链的含乙烯桥的二聚并三噻吩比不含乙烯桥者,βμ(或β0)大1.6—5.3倍;在含乙烯桥二聚α、β-并三噻吩分子(母体分子)末端引入含C=C或C≡C的基团(如-C≡CH与-C=C(CN)_2),比引入强供电子基团(如-N(CH_2CH_3)_2)、单纯吸电子基(如F原子)βμ(或β0)更大;尤其是端接-C=C(CN)2基团的二聚α、β-并三噻吩衍生物,其βμ(或β0)值为104数量级个原子单位(10-29esu),与母体分子相比βμ增大4.8~19.6倍,更有利于改善体系的二阶非线性光学性质,从而可获得良好的非线性光学材料.     

不对称双席夫碱过渡金属配合物的电子光谱和非线性光学性质的理论研究

本文采用密度泛函理论中的M05方法对比研究了一类双席夫碱及其衍生物与金属Co、Ni和Cu配位后配合物的结构,非线性光学性质以及激发态性质.结果表明,Co配合物的三重态,Ni配合物的二重态以及Cu配合物的单重态为最佳稳定结构.通过最佳稳定结构计算得到的配合物非线性光学性质表明,三种金属配合物中Cu配合物表现出较高的一阶和二阶超极化率.通过对其激发态性质分析表明在配体苯环上引入甲氧基使电子跃迁种类减少,导致超极化率下降,非线性光学性质减弱.     

不对称双席夫碱过渡金属配合物的电子光谱和非线性光学性质的 理论研究

本文采用密度泛函理论中的M05方法对比研究了一类双席夫碱及其衍生物与金属Co、Ni和Cu配位后配合物的结构,非线性光学性质以及激发态性质. 结果表明,Co配合物的三重态,Ni配合物的二重态以及Cu配合物的单重态为最佳稳定结构. 通过最佳稳定结构计算得到的配合物非线性光学性质表明,三种金属配合物中Cu配合物表现出较高的一阶和二阶超极化率. 通过对其激发态性质分析表明在配体苯环上引入甲氧基使电子跃迁种类减少,导致超极化率下降,非线性光学性质减弱.     

α、β-并三噻吩衍生物分子的二阶非线性光学性质

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-31+g(d)方法对二聚α、β-并三噻吩衍生物的18个分子(a～j2) 进行几何构型优化,对其最优构型采用TD-DFT(TDB3LYP/6-31+g(d))计算电子吸收光谱,用有限场FF方法及自编程序计算二阶非线性光学（NLO）性质。计算结果表明,增加共轭链的含乙烯桥的二聚并三噻吩比不含乙烯桥者,µ(或0)大1.6—5.3倍;在含乙烯桥二聚α、β-并三噻吩分子(母体分子) 末端引入含C=C或C≡C的基团（如-C≡CH与-C=C(CN)2）,比引入强供电子基团（如-N(CH2CH3)2）、单纯吸电子基（如F原子）µ(或0) 更大;尤其是端接-C=C(CN)2基团的二聚α、β-并三噻吩衍生物,其µ（或0）值为104数量级个原子单位(10-29 esu),与母体分子相比µ增大4.8～19.6倍,更有利于改善体系的二阶非线性光学性质,从而可获得良好的非线性光学材料。     

DFT研究给/吸电子取代基对D-π-A型苯并噻唑衍生物光电性质及非线性光学性质的影响

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法计算了苯并噻唑及其三种D-π-A型衍生物的电子结构、电子光谱及重组能,同时结合有限场(FF)方法计算了它们的二阶非线性光学系数βtol值,从而探索取代基与分子的电荷分布、电子光谱及非线性光学性质的关系.计算结果显示,在母体分子的2,5位同时引入给/吸电子基团,2位碳原子的电荷布居发生较大变化,且分子的HOMO能级升高,LUMO能级降低,能隙减小,吸收和发射光谱发生显著的红移,增大了二阶非线性光学系数βtol.随着取代基吸电子能力的增强,分子的电子重组能逐渐变大,而空穴重组能的变化却不大,同时分子的偶极矩有所增加,有利于产生二阶非线性光学活性.     

Spectroscopic properties of transition elements and their related magnetic properties

Optical and magnetic properties of transition elements (nd^N and nf^N ions) are re-analysed. The aim of this work is to see how far a unique set of phenomenological parameters, those introduced by crystal-ligand field theory described on the ∣αSLJM> kets, can describe the experimental data.     

Kiselev黑洞的热力学性质和物质吸积特性

本文考虑带有黑洞视界和宇宙视界的Kiselev时空.研究以黑洞视界和宇宙视界为边界的系统的热力学性质.统一地给出了两个系统的热力学第一定律;在黑洞视界半径远小于宇宙视界半径的情况下,近似地计算了通过宇宙视界和黑洞视界的热能.然后,探讨Kiselev时空的物质吸积特性.在吸积能量密度正比于背景能量密度的条件下给出黑洞的吸积率,讨论了黑洞吸积率与暗能量态方程参数的关系.     

Neutrino electromagnetic properties

The main goal of the paper is to give a short review on neutrino electromagnetic properties. In the introductory part of the paper a summary on what we really know about neutrinos is given: we discuss the basics of neutrino mass and mixing as well as the phenomenology of neutrino oscillations. This is important for the following discussion on neutrino electromagnetic properties that starts with a derivation of the neutrino electromagnetic vertex function in the most general form, that follows from the requirement of Lorentz invariance, for both the Dirac and Majorana cases. Then, the problem of the neutrino form factor definition and calculation within gauge models is considered. In particular, we discuss the neutrino electric charge form factor and charge radius, dipole magnetic and electric and anapole form factors. Available experimental constraints on neutrino electromagnetic properties are also discussed, and the recently obtained experimental limits on neutrino magnetic moments are reviewed. The most important neutrino electromagnetic processes involving a direct neutrino coupling with photons (such as neutrino radiative decay, neutrino Cherenkov radiation, spin light of neutrino and plasmon decay into neutrino-antineutrino pair in media) and neutrino resonant spin-flavor precession in a magnetic field are discussed at the end of the paper.     

Top quark properties

Since the top quark was discovered at Tevatron in 1995, many top quark properties have been measured. However, the top quark is still interesting due to unique features which originate from the extremely heavy mass, and providing various test grounds on the Standard Model as well as searches for a new physics. Though the measurements of the top quark had been performed only at Tevatron so far, LHC is now ready for measurements with more top quarks than Tevatron. In this article, recent measurements of top quark properties from Tevatron (CDF and D?) as well as LHC (ATLAS and CMS) are presented.     

Non-standard neutrino properties

A discussion of several exotic models and how well they are able to describe the data, with particular emphasis on atmospheric neutrinos.     

Heat transport properties within living biological tissues with temperature-dependent thermal properties

Understanding of the heat transport within living biological tissues is crucial to effective heat treatments. The heat transport properties of living biological tissues with temperature-dependent properties are explored in this paper. Taking into account of variable physical properties, the governing equation of temperature is first derived in the context of the dual-phase-lags model (DPL). An effective method, according to the Laplace transform and a linearization technique, is then employed to solve this nonlinear governing equation. The temperature distribution of a biological tissue exposed to a pulsed heat flux on its exterior boundary, which frequently happens in various heat treatments, is predicted and analyzed. The results state that a lower temperature can be predicted when temperature dependence is considered in the heating process. The contributions of key thermal parameters are different and dependent on the ratio of phase lag and the amplitude of the exterior pulsed heat flux.     

Effect of surface physicochemical properties on the lubricating properties of water film

Effect of surface physicochemical properties on the water film confined within a nanogap was investigated. The film thickness and friction force were measured by the Relative Optical Interference Intensity (ROII) method and a UMT-2MT tribotester. It was found that the confined water film formed the thicker lubricate film than the prediction of elastic-isoviscous lubrication theory. Experimental results indicate that the higher the solid/water interfacial energy is, the thicker lubricate film the highly viscous “interphase” water layer forms and the lower the friction force is.     

Conformational properties of polymers

We discuss exact enumeration technique and its application to polymers and biopolymers. Using this method one can obtain phase diagram in thermodynamic limit. The method works quite well in describing the outcomes of single molecule force spectroscopy results where finite size effects play a crucial role.      

石髓的光学性质分析

对石髓样品进行了化学成份、物理结构、透射光谱及散射退偏振能力等方面的分析,结论是:此材料有极强的散射退偏振能力;又由于它本身为固体材料,硬度高,不易被损伤,非常适合于制作紫外,可见及近红外探测器的退偏振窗口.