苯甲酸的羟基取代物在银纳米颗粒表面的吸附行为的研究

分别以覆银滤纸和银胶溶液中的银纳米颗粒为基底,对苯甲酸的三种羟基取代物(n-HBA,n=P,M,O)进行了表面增强拉曼散射(SERS),发现PHBA分子在覆银滤纸上的SERS光谱和银胶中的SERS光谱明显不同,而MHBA分子和OHBA分子在两种基底上的SERS光谱却很相近。分析表明这些变化都来源于分子在银纳米颗粒表面吸附行为的变化,基底的表面特性和分子的表面构型对分子在基底表面的吸附行为会产生很大的影响。     

温度对苯甲酸衍生物在银胶体系中的SERS的影响

本文报道了温度对银胶体系中的苯甲酸衍生物(PHBA,MHBA,SA)水溶液的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)的影响。将苯甲酸衍生物水溶液与银溶胶混合后加热至沸腾,再冷却至室温(20℃左右)后测得SERS谱。将其与未加热混合液的SERS谱相比较发现这些分子加热前后的SERS谱中存在许多明显的差异。这种差异可能来自于苯甲酸衍生物在银胶颗粒表面的吸附方式的变化以及吸附的分子与溶液中残留的柠檬酸根在加热作用下发生的相互影响共同作用的结果。     

激光拉曼光谱研究苏丹红Ⅲ分子的吸附方式

用近红外傅里叶拉曼光谱研究了苏丹红Ⅲ分子在覆银纳米颗粒的抛光铝片表面上的吸附行为,得到了一系列高质量的增强拉曼散射（SERS）谱图。对苏丹红Ⅲ分子在银胶溶液、覆银滤纸、覆银粗糙铝片上的SERS谱进行比较,结果表明苏丹红Ⅲ分子在各基底上与银纳米颗粒表现出不同的吸附行为。在银胶溶液中,苏丹红Ⅲ分子主要是通过N=N双键吸附在银纳米颗粒上的;在沉积了银纳米颗粒的滤纸表面,同样地,主要是由N=N双键吸附;而在沉积了银纳米颗粒的抛光铝片表面,不仅N=N双键参与了吸附,苏丹红Ⅲ分子中的羟基与银颗粒有相互作用,并且铝片上的氧化铝颗粒也可能吸附了苏丹红Ⅲ分子。     

氯离子对固定银纳米颗粒SERS活性的影响

通过在硅片上修饰聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)对银纳米粒子进行组装,得到均一的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)基底。借助于此基底,在水溶液环境中,以异烟酸(INA)和罗丹明6g(R6g)作为探测分子,研究了氯离子(Cl-)对SERS增强的影响。结果表明,对于不同的探针分子,Cl-对银颗粒SERS活性的影响存在选择性。对于INA分子,在溶液中没有Cl-的情况下,分子通过羧基以锐角吸附在银颗粒表面,具有良好的SERS谱。在加入Cl-后,由于竞争吸附,INA分子脱附,SERS信号消失。R6g分子在银颗粒表面没有特异吸附,Cl-的加入并没有影响其与银颗粒的作用状态,在加入Cl-后SERS光谱没有发生显著变化。     

银纳米粒子修饰三维碳纳米管阵列SERS实验

为了使表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底的三维聚焦体积内包含更多的“热点”,能吸附更多探针分子和金属纳米颗粒,以便获得更强的拉曼光谱信号,提出了银纳米粒子修饰垂直排列的碳纳米管阵列三维复合结构作为SERS基底,并对其进行了实验研究。利用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法制备了垂直排列的碳纳米管阵列;采用磁控溅射镀膜方法先在碳纳米管阵列上形成一层银膜,再通过设置不同的高温退火温度,使不同粒径的银纳米粒子沉积在垂直有序排列碳纳米管阵列的表面和外壁。SEM结果表明：在有序碳纳米管阵列的表面和外壁都均匀地负载了大量银纳米粒子,并且银纳米颗粒的粒径、形貌及颗粒间的间距随退火温度的不同而不同。采用罗丹明6G(R6G)分子作为探针分子,拉曼实验结果表明：R6G浓度越高,拉曼强度越强,但是R6G浓度的增加与拉曼强度增强并不呈线性变化;退火温度为450 ℃,银纳米颗粒平均粒径在100～120 nm左右,退火温度为400 ℃,银纳米颗粒平均粒径在70 nm左右,退火温度为450 ℃的拉曼信号强度优于退火温度400和350 ℃。     

菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒包涵体在银胶中的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

本文讨论了菜粉蝶(preris rtpae)颗粒体病毒(简称 PrGV )包涵体在银胶中的表面增强拉曼光谱。PrGV 包涵体的 SERS 谱与其 RS 谱之间存在一定对应关系。PrGV 包涵体蛋白分子通过羧基和氨基基团吸附于银粒子表面,并构成阴离子形式(NU_2RCOO~-)存在于溶液中。PrGV 在银胶中的表面增强的增强机制属于短程作用。PrGV 包涵体与银胶表面的吸附主要是化学吸附。     

哌啶分子在两种不同银电极上吸附行为的实验和理论研究北大核心CSCD

分别在粗糙银电极和银纳米颗粒修饰银电极上得到了哌啶分子的表面增强拉曼(SERS)光谱.哌啶在银电极与银纳米颗粒修饰的银电极上的SERS谱有很大的区别,分析认为是由于哌啶在不同基底上的吸附方式不同所引起的,据此建立了哌啶吸附在银颗粒表面的两种模型,用DFT-B3PW91-lanl2dz方法计算了两种模型的拉曼频移,通过与实验结果比较说明了哌啶分子主要通过N原子的孤对电子竖直吸附在粗糙银电极表面,而在银纳米颗粒修饰的银电极上则以平行吸附方式为主.     

修饰银电极上单壁碳纳米管的表面增强拉曼散射

本文采用修饰了银纳米颗粒的银电极作为基底,获得了高质量的单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱。在1100~1500 cm-1范围内观测到了一组表征SWCNTs结构的新峰。修饰在银电极上的银纳米颗粒不仅可以保证SWCNTs在这一体系中吸附的紧密性,而且通过变面等离子体共振起到了电磁放大的作用。通过对银纳米颗粒修饰银电极表面SWCNTs的SERS光谱及其随电位变化的SERS光谱的研究,我们可以研究这一过程中的SERS机制。理论和实验结果表明,银纳米颗粒修饰银电极上单壁碳纳米管的SERS很有潜力成为一种检测单壁碳纳米管合成质量的新方法。     

胞嘧啶在沉积激光烧蚀Ag纳米颗粒电极上的SERS分析

用Nd:YAG激光器在二次去离子水中烧蚀银片,制备出了尺度分布均匀、并且具有很好的稳定性的"化学纯净"的Ag胶体系,并在电化学体系中将这种银胶沉积在粗糙的银电极表面,研究了胞嘧啶分子吸附在沉积Ag纳米颗粒电极表面随电极电位改变的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。分析表明:(1)沉积银纳米颗粒的电极将金属电极与金属溶胶体系各自的优势很好的结合起来,形成了一种高效的SERS活性基底。(2)胞嘧啶在沉积银颗粒的电极表面以N3位竖直吸附,并且随着电位的负移,大多数SERS峰的位置发生了红移,表明胞嘧啶在电极表面吸附作用减弱。     

氯离子对银胶中表面增强喇曼散射效应的影响

讨论氯离子对银胶体系中对氨基苯甲酸(PABA)和吡啶(pyr)的表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)效应的影响。观察PABA在银胶中的SERS,氯离子的影响以及SERS强度-时间关系。发现氯离子的竞争吸附破坏PABA分子的类固相吸附并伴随着分子吸附状态的改变,从而导致SERS强度的减弱。研究PABA/银胶与pyr/银胶混合后添加氯离子的影响。同时观察氯离子对银胶中PABA和pyr光吸收的影响。发现氯离子对银胶中SERS的影响主要是化学增强。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.