与偏振无关双向2×2和4×4自由空间光开关

利用成熟的偏振控制技术，设计了一种由偏振光分束器、相位型空间光调制器和反射镜构成的2×2光开关，该光开关所用器件少，具有结构简单紧凑、控制灵活方便、功能实现与信号光的偏振态无关以及可以双向交换等特点；在此基础上通过2×2光开关的串连，设计了一种与偏振无关的双向4×4光开关的实验模块，根据其路由选择与控制方法，得到了4×4光开关实现信号光全排列无阻塞输出与交换对应的路由状态表，并对该实验模块的功能实现进行了详细的分析与讨论。     

Canonical Form and Separability of PPT States in C2(×)C2(×)C2(×)CN Composite Quantum Systems

We give a canonical form of PPT states in C2(×)C2(×)C2(×)CN with rank = N. From this canonical form a sufficient separability condition for these states is presented.     

CO2激光器五种混合气体压强优化

 应用遗传算法,以输出激光功率为目标函数,优化确定了普通CO₂激光器五种工作气体（CO₂, N₂, He, Xe, H₂）的最佳充气量。对1.2m长谐振腔,在15kV放电条件下,优化的充气量分别为p_CO2=1.15×133.3Pa, p_N2=7.32×133.3Pa, p_He=12.95×133.3Pa, p_Xe=0.36×133.3Pa和p_H2=0.01×133.3Pa。优化后激光功率比未优化前可提高1.27倍。     

胶体MnO2溶液-甲醛-C2O42-化学发光的新体系

研究发现,在酸性溶液中,当甲醛存在时,胶体二氧化锰溶液和C2O24-能够发生化学发光反应,产生强的化学发光,据此采用流动注射分析技术,建立了一种利用胶体二氧化锰-甲醛-C2O24-化学发光体系测定草酸的化学发光分析方法。该方法的检出限为8×10-8g/mL C2O42-;相对标准偏差为0.97%(8.8×10-6g/mL C2O24-,n=11);线性范围是4.4×10-7—8.8×10-5g/mL C2O42-。该方法所用的仪器设备简单,操作快捷方便,选择性好,可用于菠菜等蔬菜中C2O24-含量的测定。     

掺铒碲-钨-钠玻璃基质的光谱性质研究

制备了用于离子交换法制备光波导器件的掺铒碲-钨-钠玻璃基质。应用扎得-奥菲而特(Judd—Ofelt)理论计算了玻璃样品的三个强度参量,由强度参量计算了Er^3 离子的自发跃迁几率、荧光分支比等光谱参量;应用麦克库玻(McCumber)理论,计算了Er^3 离子在1．5μm的受激发射截面,荧光测试发现Er^3 离子的荧光半峰全宽可达65nm。比较了Er^3 离子在不同玻璃基质中的光谱特性。结果表明,Er^3 离子在碲-钨-钠玻璃中具有较高的受激发射截面和较宽的荧光半峰全宽,可以用于宽带光波导器件的制备。     

Cl/HN3/I2全气相化学激光体系的化学动力学模拟计算

 对Cl/HN₃/I₂产生NCl(a)/I激光的过程进行了化学动力学计算，主要考察了Cl,HN₃和I₂的初始粒子数密度及其配比对小信号增益系数的影响。结果发现,当温度为400K, 初始Cl粒子数密度为1×10¹⁵，1×10¹⁶和1×10¹⁷cm^-3时,小信号增益系数分别达到1.6×10^-4,1.1×10^-3和1.1×10^-2cm^-1，获得最佳小信号增益系数的HN₃和I₂的初始粒子数密度分别为初始Cl粒子数密度的1～2倍和2%～4%。同时，对Cl，HN₃和I₂配比对小信号增益系数和增益持续时间的影响进行了讨论。     

基于X射线衍射仪的X光晶体本征参量的标定

X光晶体本征参量的实验标定是准确鉴定X光晶体种类和品质,研制各种类型晶体谱仪,X光线谱定量测量和高分辨X光单能成像的基础.基于X射线衍射仪,通过制作平面晶体样品架,采取控制X射线管电源、滤波片选取和厚度控制等措施,极大地抑制了Cu-KJ3及韧致辐射,使X射线管光源Cu-Kα单能化,提出了用滤片作为光源单能化的判据.对X光线谱测量中常用的X光分光晶体季戊四醇[PET(002)]的晶格常量2d和Cu-Ka能点的积分衍射效率R.进行了标定方法研究,其标定值分别为(0.87425±0.00042)nm和(1.759±0.024)×10-4 Rad.基于X射线衍射仪的X光晶体本征参量的精密实验标定方法既快速高效,且十分方便和灵活.通过更换衍射仪的X射线管靶材,采取类似方法,可以标定其它能点的晶体积分衍射效率,可为X光晶体的本征参量库提供更多的标定数据.     

Optical nonlinear characteristics of MgF_2 films containing Cu nanoparticles

An investigation is made on the optical nonlinear characteristics of MgF2 fihns containing Cu nanoparticles. When the Cu volume fraction is 0.1, at approximately εm ＋ 2εd = 0, the film exhibits a strong thirdorder optical nonlinear refractive coefficient of 1.0×10^-9 cm2/W, a nonlinear refractive index of about -4.0×10^-7 esu, a third-order optical nonlinear response of about 6.8×10^-8s esu, and a figure of merit of about 1.0×10^-11. The result shows that the film may have potential applications in optoelectronic technology.     

A density-functional theory investigation on disorption of O2 on Sn(111) and its comparison with initial oxidation on the X(111) (X=Si,Ge, Sn,Pb) surfaces

The first-principles calculations are performed to investigate the adsorption of O₂ molecules on an Sn(111) 2×2 surface. The chemisorbed adsorption precursor states for O₂ are identified to be along the parallel and vertical channels, and the surface reconstructions of Sn(111) induced by oxygen adsorption are studied. Based on this, the adsorption behaviours of O₂ on X(111) (X=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) surfaces are analysed, and the most stable adsorption channels of O₂ on X(111) (X=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) are identified. The surface reconstructions and electron distributions along the most stable adsorption channels are discussed and compared. The results show that the O₂ adsorption ability declines gradually and the amount of charge transferred decreases with the enhancement of metallicity.     

新疆大中小城市夏季对流层NO_2垂直柱浓度变化特征

利用地基多轴差分光谱仪(Mini MAX—DOAS),选择新疆乌鲁木齐、库尔勒、博乐市具有代表性的大中小城市,于2014年6—8月对其市区、工业区、农田区的对流层NO_2浓度进行观测。结果表明:(1)大中小城市夏季大气对流层NO_2垂直柱浓度的日变化有波峰和波谷的波动,其峰值在大中小城市中有所差异,表现为乌鲁木齐(7.590×10~(15)molec·cm~(-2))库尔勒(7.559×10~(15)molec·cm~(-2))博乐(3.578×10~(15)molec·cm~(-2));(2)大中小城市夏季大气对流层NO_2垂直柱浓度大小与城市地表条件差异有关,尤其与观测区的车流量有密切关系,表现为市区(4.643×10~(15)molec·cm~(-2))工业区(4.469×10~(15)molec·cm~(-2))农田区(2.425×10~(15)molec·cm~(-2));(3)不同天气条件下大中小城市大气对流层NO_2的垂直柱浓度特征为雨天(3.082×10~(15)molec·cm~(-2))时浓度最小,说明降水对NO_2的浓度具有重要的影响。     

Laser-Induced Current Switching Observed in the Discharge Media of CF2Cl2-N2 and CH3Cl-N2

Switchings of discharge current induced by ArF and KrF laser pulses in the discharge media of CF2Cl2-N2 and CH3Cl-N2 were investigated using a negative point-to-plane discharge apparatus. The electron attachment rate constants of CF2Cl2 in buffer gases of N2 and Ar were measured by a parallel-plate drift-tube apparatus at various E/N, from which the dominant negative ions in the discharge media were inferred. The conductivity of the discharge medium is enhanced upon laser irradiation due to conduction electrons being produced from photoelectron-detachment of Cl-. From the dependence of the enhanced current on laser power, the photodetachment cross sections of Cl- in a given discharge condition were derived to be 2.5 × 10-17 cm2 at 193 nm and 1.0 × 10-17 cm2 at 248 nm. After the current enhancement, the current was greatly reduced as was observed in the discharge medium of CF2Cl2-N2, but not in CH3Cl-N2. The mechanism for the optically induced reduction of discharge current is discussed.     

电子通量对ZnO/K2SiO3热控涂层光学性能的影响

 研究了电子通量对ZnO/K₂SiO₃热控涂层光学性能的影响。分别采用通量为5×10¹¹/cm²·s，8×10¹¹/cm²·s，1×10¹²/cm²·s 和5×10¹²/cm²·s的电子对试样进行辐照。电子辐照下涂层的光学性能发生了退化，并且发现了退化涂层在空气中的“漂白”现象。分析了ZnO/K₂SiO₃热控涂层光学性能的退化机制，同时讨论了电子通量对太阳光谱吸收系数的影响。实验结果发现，在5×10¹¹～1×10¹²/cm²·s的电子通量范围内，电子通量对ZnO/K₂SiO³热控涂层光学性能的影响相同。因此在这个电子通量范围内，采用加速地面试验来模拟空间的电子辐照效应是有效的。     

Ne离子束辐照引起Gd2Ti2O7烧绿石体积肿胀效应研究

在液氮低温下用400 keV的Ne2+离子束对Gd₂Ti₂O₇多晶烧绿石进行了辐照实验研究, 离子束辐照量范围为5×1014—1×1016ions/cm2。利用掠X射线衍射技术对样品辐照层的结构变化进行了分析表征, X射线的掠射角分别为γ=0.25°, 0.5°, 1°和3°。结果表明: 在该实验条件的离子束辐照下, Gd₂Ti₂O₇辐照层会发生明显的体积肿胀效应, 体积肿胀程度随入射离子束辐照量的增大而增大; 在同一辐照量下, 辐照层的体积肿胀程度也随X射线入射角的增大而增大。当辐照量达到1×1016ions/cm2时, 辐照层发生非晶化相变。Polycrystalline pyrochlore Gd₂Ti₂O₇ compounds were irradiated with 400 keV Ne2+ ions at cryogenic temperature (~77 K). The irradiation fluences was ranging from 5×1014 to 1×1016 ions/cm2, corresponding to a peak ballistic damage dose of ~0.16 to 3.3 displacements per atom . Irradiation\|induced structural evolution was examined using grazing incidence X\|ray diffraction (GIXRD) at angles from 0.25° to 3° degrees. It was found that the lattice parameter increases as a function of (1) X\|ray incident angle and (2) ion irradiation fluence, suggesting that the irradiated layer is volumetrically swelled compared with the underlying un\|irradiated substrate. At ion fluence of 1×1016 ions/cm2, the irradiation layer was found to be amorphous.     

Study on RF Excited Waveguide CO_2 Laser with Two Different Channels

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Study on RF Excited Waveguide CO2 Laser with Two Different Channels

In this paper a waveguide CO2 laser with two unequal long channels excited by radio frequency (RF) is presented. The volume is 2.25×2.25×400 mm3 for the long channel and 2.25×2.25×200 mm3 for the short waveguide channel. Laser output power is about 8 W for the long channel and about 3.5 W for the short one.     

与铷（5^2S1／2）原子碰撞产生的铷7^2D态精细结构转移截面

本文报道使用蒸汽泡和两光子两步激发方法,测量原子激发态敏化荧光I_(3/2)~1和直接荧光I_(3/2)~2其与温度的关系,得到与基态(5~2S_(1/2)铷原子碰撞产生的铷7~2D_(5/2)→7~2D_(3/2)和7~2D_(3/2)→7~2D_(5/2)精细结构转移截面分别为:σ_(fs)=4.7×10~(-13)cm~2、σ_(fs)~’=7.0×10~(-13)cm~2;碰撞转移出7~2D双态的转移截面σ_(tr)(5/2)=0.62×10~(-13)cm~2.由计算的7~2D态几何截面σ_(geom)能够相对很好地描述σ_(fs)和σ_(fs)~’的数量级.     

Molecular Structures of H2X and D2X(X=0, S,Se, Te)

There are two possible configurations for H₂O, linear(D_∞h) or bent(C_2v). For a C_2v′, the three bands ν_1′ ν₂ and ν₃ should appear in both Raman and infrared. For a D_∞h. however, the ν₁, band should appear in only Raman and the ν₂ and ν₃ bands, in only infrared, that is, a principle of mutual exclusion of Raman and infrared should hold. The present author concludes that H₂X and D₂X(X=O, S, Se, Te) have a linear D_∞h. structure, since the obtained spectra show mutual exclusion of Raman and infrared.     

光寻址2×2光学开关及3－D集成光学蝶形互连网络的实现

在光学多级互连网络的实现中，光学２×２开关的构造是至关重要的。本文介绍一种构成光寻址２×２光学开关的方法，该方法是在方解石晶体的双折射性质的基础上，利用普克尔斯只读光调制器（ＰＲＯＭ）来控制入射光的偏振态，从而实现光寻址２×２光学开关，这种开关具有许多优点，并且可以在３－Ｄ方向堆栈集成。利用该开关可以很方便地实现３－Ｄ集成的蝶形互连网络     

维生素B2片中维生素B2的测定及稳定性

以pH=7.0的水作为溶液,激发、发射波长分别为443、523nm,运用荧光光谱法测定了维生素B₂的荧光强度,以荧光强度与浓度的关系作图,得到了回归曲线,本实验条件下,在5×10^-8—6×10^-7g/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,回收率在98.53%—103.59%之间,该方法具有灵敏度高、重现性和稳定性好的特点,但维生素B₂不稳定。     

快重离子辐照引起Ni/SiO2界面原子混合及相变研究

在室温下用308 MeV的Xe离子和853 MeV的Pb离子辐照Ni/SiO2样品, 用卢瑟福背散射和X射线衍射技术对样品进行了分析。 通过分析Ni/SiO2样品中元素成分分布和结构随离子辐照剂量和电子能损的变化, 探索了离子辐照在Ni/SiO2样品中引起的界面原子混合与结构相变现象。 实验结果显示, Xe和Pb离子辐照均能引起明显的Ni原子向SiO2基体的扩散并导致界面附近Ni, Si和O原子的混合。 实验观测到低剂量Xe离子辐照可产生NiSi2相, 而高剂量Xe离子辐照则导致了Ni3Si和NiO相的形成。 根据热峰模型, Ni原子的扩散和新相的形成可能由沿离子入射路径强电子激发引起的瞬间热峰过程驱动。Ni/SiO2 interface were irradiated at room temperature with 308 MeV Xe ions to 1×1012, 5×1012 Xe/cm2 and 853 MeV Pb ions to 5×1011 Pb/cm2, respectively. These samples were analyzed using Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) and X ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), from which the intermixing and phase change were investigated. The obtained results show that both Xe and Pb ions could induce diffusion of Ni atoms to SiO2 substrates and result in intermixing of Ni with SiO2. Furthermore, 1.0×1012 Xe/cm2 irradiation induced the formation of NiSi2 and 5.0×1012 Xe/cm2 irradiation created Ni3Si and NiO phases. The diffusion of Ni atoms and the formation of new phase may be driven by a transient thermal spike process induced by the intense electronic energy loss along the incident ion path.