Fluorodensitometric determination of mangiferin and isomangiferin inHedysarum flavescens andH. alpinum

Summary A fluorodensitometric method has been proposed for determining mangiferin and isomangiferin inHedysarum flavescens andH. alpinum. The relative accuracy of the method for the raw material is ±4.8%.Khar'kov Scientific-Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 448–450, July–August, 1976.     

Spectrophotometric determination of flavones and isoflavones inThermopsis alterniflora

A spectrophotometric method has been developed for the quantitative separate determination of the total flavonones and isoflavones when they are present together in an extract ofThermopsis alterniflora.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 667–669, September–October, 1993.     

Quantitative determination of the total flavonols inAlhagi pseudoalhagi

The optimum conditions for extracting flavonols fromAlhagi pseudoalhagi has been determined. A method for the UV-spectrometric identification of the total alkaloids has been developed which permits reliable reproducible results to be obtained. The relative error of the determination does not exceed ±1.7%.Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 664–667, September–October, 1993.     

Spectrophotometric determination of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide fromEscherichia coli 675

A method has been developed for the quantitative spectrophotometric determination of the lipopolysaccharides ofE. coli 675. The maximum absorption of the lipopoly-saccharides fromE. coli 675 (259 nm) coincides with the maximum absorption (259 nm) of a number of polysaccharides from other Gram-negative bacteria, which can be used to determine lipopolysaccharides in various media.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Pharmacy, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 599–601, September–October, 1979.     

Ungernia alkaloids

The review is devoted to the study of the alkaloids of plants of the genusUngernia (Amaryllidaceae). It gives their characteristic reactions and information on the determination of their structures and stereochemistry and on the dynamics of the accumulation of alkaloids in the plants of the genusUngernia. A dependence of the physiological activity of the alkaloids on their structure is shown.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek, SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 749–767, November–December, 1980.     

Quantitative determination of the alkaloids ofAnabasis aphylla by thin-layer chromatography

Summary A chromatographic method has been developed for the quantitative determination of the alkaloids ofAnabasis aphylla — anabasine, aphylline, lupinine, aphyllidine, and anabasamine — and also pachycarpine in the mixture of reduction products of the high-boiling fraction of alkaloids, in a thin layer of alumina.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 772–776, November–December, 1976.     

Alkaloids of far-eastern species ofThalictrum. IV

Summary The alkaloid composition of four far-eastern species ofThalictrum — Th. amurense, Th. contortum, Th. filamentosum, andTh. minus — have been studied, for the first time in the case of the first three species.Th. amurense contains -allocryptopine and thalictrisine, andTh. contortum contains -allocryptopine. Glaucine and thalicsimidine have been found inTh. filamentosum, and argemonine has been isolated fromTh. minus for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 788–791, November–December, 1976.     

Determination of ginkgolide A,B, and bilobalide in<Emphasis Type="Italic"> biloba</Emphasis> L. extracts by microdialysis-HPLC

A method has been developed for measuring ginkgolide A, B, and bilobalide in ginkgo biloba L. extracts by using a self-assembled microdialysis device coupled on-line to high-performance liquid chromatography. The optimal conditions for dialysis efficiency and chromatographic analysis were investigated. The results show that the dialysis efficiencies for ginkgolide A, B, and bilobalide are 97.8–100.4%. For the spike concentration of 45 mg L^–1, the recoveries of ginkgolide A, B, and bilobalide in ginkgo biloba L. extracts were at 97–100.7% with 3.1–4.7% RSD. The proposed method has therefore been shown to be applicable to the analysis of ginkgolide A, B, and bilobalide in ginkgo biloba L. extracts.     

Iridoids ofAjuga turkestanica and their quantitative determination

Substances of iridoid nature identified as harpagide and 8-O-acetylharpigide have been isolated from the herbAjuga turkestanica. A procedure for the quantitative chromatographic determination of iridoids in the raw material has been developed.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 685–686, September–October, 1993.     

Sesquiterpene derivatives of the genusFerula

The review is devoted to a study of the sequiterpene derivatives of the plants of the genusFerula (Apiaceae). Information is given on the determination of the structure, stereochemistry, and characteristic reactions of 78 coumarins, 39 esters, and six sesquiterpene alcohols isolated from plants of the genusFerula. The possible biogenetic interrelationships and mutual transitions of the sesquiterpenes that are derivatives of aliphatic and of mono- and bicyclic hydrocarbons are discussed. Some information confirming the hypotheses made is given.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 437–466, July–August, 1979.     

Spectrophotometric phosphate determination in urine by ligand exchange extraction

A new spectrophotometric method for the determination of phosphate in urine is proposed, based on the ligand exchange extraction produced by phosphate solution at pH 7.5 when it is shaken with a solution of Fe(III) indole-2-carboxylate iniso-amyl alcohol. The organic layer decoloration is measured at 400 nm and the phosphate indirectly determined. The sensitivity of the method is 1.07 × 10³ 1 mol^–1 cm^–1, the linear working range 1–15 × 10^–5 mol/l of phosphate and the relative standard deviation 5%. It does not require previous treatment of the sample and it is free from interferences by other normal or pathological constituents of the urine samples. The results agreed closely with those obtained by using a Sigma Diagnostics procedure for inorganic phosphorus, based on the Fiske-SubbaRow method. The method does not require special instrumentation and is not expensive.     

Blue-shifted hydrogen-bonded complexes. II. CH3F(HF)1 n 3 and CH2F2(HF)1 n 3

The equilibrium structures, binding energies, and vibrational spectra of the clusters CH₃F(HF)_{1 n 3} and CH₂F₂(HF)_{1 n 3} have been investigated with the aid of large-scale ab initio calculations performed at the Møller–Plesset second-order level. In all complexes, a strong C–FH–F halogen–hydrogen bond is formed. For the cases n = 2 and n = 3, blue-shifting C–HF–H hydrogen bonds are formed additionally. Blue shifts are, however, encountered for all C–H stretching vibrations of the fluoromethanes in all complexes, whether they take part in a hydrogen bond or not, in particular also for n = 1. For the case n = 3, blue shifts of the ν(C–H) stretching vibrational modes larger than 50 cm⁻¹ are predicted. As with the previously treated case of CHF₃(HF)_{1 n 3} complexes (A. Karpfen, E. S. Kryachko, J. Phys. Chem. A 107 (2003) 9724), the typical blue-shifting properties are to a large degree determined by the presence of a strong C–FH–F halogen–hydrogen bond. Therefore, the term blue-shifted appears more appropriate for this class of complexes. Stretching the C–F bond of a fluoromethane by forming a halogen–hydrogen bond causes a shortening of all C–H bonds. The shortening of the C–H bonds is proportional to the stretching of the C–F bond.     

Alkaloids ofCorydalis

Summary Fifteen bases have been isolated from three species ofCorydalis. Dihydrosanguinarine has been isolated from a plant of the genusCorydalis for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 612–615, September–October, 1975.     

Bromokomplexe von Co(II) und Ni(II) in Acetonitril,Propandiol-1,2-carbonat und Trimethylphosphat

Zusammenfassung Die Bildung von Bromokomplexen von Co(II) und Ni(II) wird in Acetonitril (AN), Propandiol-1,2-carbonat (PDC) und Trimethylphosphat (TMP) auf spektrophotometrischem, potentiometrischem und konduktometrischem Wege untersucht. Folgende Koordinationsformen dürften vorliegen: [CoBr]⁺ (oktaedrisch inAN undTMP), CoBr₂ (tetraedrisch inAN, oktaedrisch inTMP), [CoBr₃]^– (tetraedrisch inAN, oktaedrisch inTMP), [CoBr₄]^2– (tetraedrisch inAN undPDC, oktaedrisch inTMP), [NiBr]⁺ (oktaedrisch inAN), NiBr₂ (tetraedrisch inAN, oktaedrisch inTMP), [NiBr₃]^– (tetraedrisch inAN), [NiBr₄]^2– (tetraedrisch inAN undPDC, oktaedrisch inTMP).

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The formation of bromo complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) is investigated in acetonitrile (AN), propanediol-1,2-carbonate (PDC) and trimethylphosphate (TMP) by spectrophotometric, potentiometric and conductometric methods. The following coordination forms are reported: [CoBr]⁺ (octahedral inAN andTMP), CoBr₂ (tetrahedral inAN, octahedral inTMP), [CoBr₃]^– tetrahedral inAN, octahedral inTMP), [CoBr₄]^2– (tetrahedral inAN andPDC, octahedral inTMP), [NiBr]⁺ (octahedral inAN), NiBr₂ (tetrahedral inAN, octahedral inTMP), [NiBr₃]^– (tetrahedral inAN), [NiBr₄]^2– (tetrahedral inAN andPDC, octahedral inTMP).

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The electrochemistry and determination of Ligustrazine hydrochloride

Ligustrazine is one of the active ingredients contained in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Umbelliferae), which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular problems. In this work, the electrochemistry of Ligustrazine hydrochloride (LZC) and its determination are investigated. The detection limit is estimated to be 8.0×10^–8 M, with three linear ranges from 1.0×10^–6 to 1.0×10^–4 M, 1.0×10^–4 to 5.0×10^–4 M, and 6.5×10^–4 to 1.6×10^–3 M. The method has been proved to be highly sensitive, selective, and stable, and has been successfully applied to determining LZC in LZC injections.     

Li (i=1–3) subshell fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields for elements with 70Z92

The atomic inner-shell vacancy decay processes comprised of radiative and nonradiative transitions are characterized by the fluorescence, Auger and Coster-Kronig yields. We present a review of our recent measurements of the L_i (i=1, 2, 3) sub-shell fluorescence yields (ω_i) and the L₁–L₃ Coster-Kronig transition probabilities (f₁₃) for elements with 70Z92 following photoionization. The comparison of the measured ω_i and f₁₃ values with the theoretical ones, based on the relativistic Dirac–Hartree–Slater (RDHS) model calculations, indicated the need for more refined calculations of transition probabilities for different Coster-Kronig transitions.     

Bromokomplexe von Mn(II) und V(III) in Acetonitril,Propandiol-1,2-carbonat und Trimethylphosphat

Zusammenfassung Die Bromokomplexe von Mn(II) und V(III) inAN, PDC undTMP wurden auf spektrophotometrischem, potentiometrischem und konduktometrischem Wege untersucht. Folgende Koordinationsformen dürften vorliegen: [MnBr]⁺ (inAN), MnBr₂ (tetraedrisch inAN), [MnBr₃]^– (tetraedrisch inAN), [MnBr₄]^2– (tetraedrisch inAN undPDC); [VBr]²⁺ (oktaedrisch inTMP), [VBr₂]⁺ (oktaedrisch inAN), VBr₃ (oktaedrisch inAN), [VBr₄]^– (oktaedrisch inAN undPDC).

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Bromocomplexes of Mn(II) and V(III) were investigated inAN, PDC andTMP by spectrophotometric, potentiometric and conductometric methods. The presence of the following species is indicated: [MnBr]⁺ (inAN), MnBr₂ (tetrahedral inAN), MnBr₃]^– (tetrahedral inAN), [MnBr₄]^2– (tetrahedral inAN) andPDC); [VBr]²⁺ (octahedral inTMP), [VBr₂]⁺ (octahedral inAN), VBr₃ (octahedral inAN), [VBr₄]^– (octahedral inAN andPDC).

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Dynamics of the accumulation of the alkaloids ofReseda luteola structure of lutine and lutinine

Summary The qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of the combined bases inReseda luteola during the vegetation periods have been studied. From the epigeal part of the plant we have isolated cinnamamide and two new alkaloids: lutine and lutinine. A study of the spectral characteristics and the mechanism of fragmentation has shown that lutine has the structure of 2-anilino-1,4-naphthoquinone and lutidine that of 4-anilino-2-phenylamino-1,2-dihydronaphthalen-1-one.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. M. I. Kalinin Andizhan Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 826–830, November–December, 1977.     

Spectrophotometric determination of cationic and anionic surfactants with anionic dyes in the presence of nonionic surfactants,part II: Development of batch and flow injection methods

On the basis of the changes in absorption spectra of azo dyes on the addition of an organic onium ion, spectrophotometric methods for the determination of organic onium salts and anionic surfactants were developed, and applied to flow injection method. Propyl orange (PO^–) was used for the determination of organic onium ions. Pairs of PO^– and Zeph⁺ (tetradecyldimethyl-benzylammonium ion) or PO^– and nC₁₈TMA⁺ (n-octadecyltrimethylammonium ion) were used for the determination of anionic surfactants. The determination range of organic onium ions were (0–3) × 10^–5 M by a batch method and were (0–2) × 10^–5 M by a flow injection method. The determination ranges of anionic surfactants were (0–2) × 10^–5 M by the batch method, and were (0–5) × 10^–5 M by the flow injection method, and the detection limit corresponding toS/N = 3 was 3 × 10^–7 M by the flow injection method. By the proposed flow injection method, anionic surfactants in water samples were determined.     

Determination of bioactive diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

The present paper describes the development of a micellar electrokinetic chromatographic (MEKC) method for simultaneous determination of andrographolide, deoxyandrographolide and neoandrographolide in ethanol extracts of Andrographis paniculata. Separations were carried out in a fused-silica capillary tube with UV detection at 214 nm. Good separation was achieved using a 20 mM borate buffer, containing 20 mM sodium dodecyl sulphate and 10 mM sodium cholate, adjusted to pH 8.3 at an operating voltage of 25 kV, temperature of 35°C and a hydrodynamic injection of 5 s. The method was validated with good correlation coefficients obtained (0.9986–0.9989) while relative standard deviation (RSD) of migration time was between 1.14 and 2.42. It is concluded that this method could be used for speedy and accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of bioactive diterpenoids in andrographis herb and its derived products.