铟(Ⅲ)-2-巯基苯骈噻唑-7-碘-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸三元络合物吸附波研究

在HCl-NaAc介质(pH 2.5)中,用单扫示波极谱法可获得高灵敏的In(Ⅲ)-2-疏基苯骈噻唑(MBT)-7-碘-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸(Ferron)三元络合物吸附波.峰电位在—0.64V(vs.SCE),峰电流与铟浓度在7.0×10~(-10)mol/L～8.8×10~(-7)mol/L之间呈线性关系.检出限可达3.0×10~(-10)mol/L.测得电活性络合物的组成为In(Ⅲ):MBT:Ferron=1:1:1.研究了极谱波的性质和机理.本法选择性较好,用于工业废水和地下水中痕量铟的测定,结果满意.     

还原氧化石墨烯-多壁碳纳米管复合膜负载金纳米粒子修饰玻碳电极检测双酚A

以水合肼为还原剂,采用均相还原法制备还原氧化石墨烯-多壁碳纳米管复合材料(rGO-MWCNTs),通过滴涂法将其修饰到玻碳电极(GCE)表面.以此复合材料为载体,采用电化学方法制备了金纳米粒子-还原氧化石墨烯-多壁碳纳米管复合膜修饰电极(AuNPs-rGO-MWCNTs/GCE).通过扫描电镜(SEM)、EDS能谱技术和电化学方法对此电极进行了表征.研究了双酚A在修饰电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,此电极对双酚A的电极过程具有良好的电化学活性,在0.10 mol/L PBS溶液(pH 7.0)中,微分脉冲伏安法测定双酚A的线性范围为5.0 × 10-9~1.0 × 10-7 mol/L和1.0 × 10-7~2.0 × 10-5 mol/L,检出限为1.0 ×10-9 mol/L(S/N=3). 将此电极用于模拟水样和超市购物小票样品中双酚A含量的测定,加标回收率分别为97%~110%和98%~104%.     

钼(Ⅵ)-7-(1-苯偶氮)-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸钠络合吸附波研究及应用

在pH4.8的0.013mol/L的HAc-NaAc介质中,钥(Ⅵ)-7-(1-苯偶氮)-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸钠体系在滴汞电极上,于-0.46V(vs.SCE)电位处得到良好的吸附还原波,其二阶导数峰电流I_p与Mo(Ⅵ)在2.5×10~(-8)～4.5×10~(-7)mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为1.25×10~(-8)mol/L Mo(Ⅵ),方法用于钢样中微量钼的测定,结果较好.对电极机理进行了研究.     

过氧化氢存在下平行催化氢波法测定奥沙普秦

在0.2mol/LKH2PO4-Na2HPO4(pH5.5±0.1)支持电解质中,奥沙普秦产生一催化氢波,峰电位Ep=-1.25V(vs.SCE)。当1×10-2mol/LH2O2存在时,该催化氢波的峰电流增加12倍,峰电位基本不变,产生一较灵敏的平行催化氢波。其二阶导数峰峰电流ip″与奥沙普秦浓度在1.0×10-7~2.6×10-5mol/L范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9995,n=10),检出限为5.0×10-8mol/L。该方法可用于药物制剂中奥沙普秦含量的测定。     

双酚A在壳聚糖-FC-134-碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定

采用十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)与全氟辛基磺酰季碘化物FC-134作为碳纳米管的复合分散剂,制备了壳聚糖-碳纳米管修饰电极(MFC/GCE)。研究了环境激素双酚A在pH 8.0磷酸盐缓冲溶液中的电化学行为,并探讨了其电极过程机理。峰电位为0.450 V,峰电流与其浓度在2.5×10-7~1.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-8mol/L。该法用于环境水样中双酚A含量的测定并与荧光法对照,测定结果吻合。     

大黄酸微分脉冲伏安法的研究和应用

利用循环伏安法(CV)、线性扫描伏安法(LSV)、方波伏安法(SWV)和微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)等现代电化学技术,对大黄酸在玻碳电极(GCE)上的电化学氧化还原行为以及电极反应机理进行了研究,同时还建立一种灵敏的测定大黄酸的分析方法.实验结果表明,在 pH 4.6的B R缓冲液中,大黄酸在 0.492 V(vs.SCE)电位处产生灵敏的微分脉冲阴极还原峰, 该还原峰的峰电流值与大黄酸的浓度在 4.0×10-7 mol/L~1.0×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检测限(D = 3σ/K)为3.9×10-8 mol/L.该法已成功地用于大黄碳酸氢钠片剂和兔血清中大黄酸的测定,结果令人满意,其回收率介于90.0%~100.1% 之间.并进一步对大黄酸在玻碳电极(GCE)上的电化学反应机理进行了探讨.     

钯掺杂聚精氨酸修饰电极同时测定5-羟基色氨酸和多巴胺

制备了钯掺杂聚L-精氨酸修饰玻碳电极(Pd-PA/GCE),研究了5-羟基色氨酸(5-HTP)和多巴胺(DA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了同时测定5-HTP和DA的电化学新方法。在pH=2.0的磷酸缓冲溶液中,扫描速率为160mV/s时,DA在该电极上产生一对氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为0.515V和0.464V;5-HTP在该电极上产生一个氧化峰,峰电位为0.643V,两者的氧化峰电位差达128mV。在最优条件下,同时测定5-HTP和DA的线性范围分别为:9.00×10-7~1.00×10-5 mol/L、1.00×10-5~4.00×10-5 mol/L(5-HTP);7.00×10-7~1.00×10-5 mol/L、1.00×10-5~4.00×10-5 mol/L(DA)。检出限分别为7.0×10-7 mol/L和5.0×10-7 mol/L。方法可用于药剂中5-HTP和DA的测定。     

基于Fe_3O_4@Ag壳核结构磁性纳米复合物的杀螟硫磷电化学传感

制备了一种核壳结构的磁性纳米粒子Fe_3O_4@Ag,将该纳米粒子通过壳聚糖(CS)修饰到玻碳电极(GCE)表面,构建了杀螟硫磷电化学传感器,研究了传感器的电化学和电催化行为,建立了杀螟硫磷测定的电分析新方法。应用透射电镜和紫外可见光谱对Fe3O4@Ag纳米粒子进行表征。研究发现,该传感器对杀螟硫磷有很好的电催化作用,其峰电流与浓度在1.74×10~(-7)~3.27×10~(-4)mol/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为R~2=0.9871,检出限为5.7×10~(-8)mol/L(S/N=3)。该传感器有望用于杀螟硫磷的检测。     

壳聚糖/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮固定辣根过氧化物酶的过氧化氢生物传感器

用一种新型的壳聚糖(CS)/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)复合膜在玻碳电极(GCE)上固定辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)。以乙二醛作交联剂,二茂铁(Fc)作媒介体,制备过氧化氢生物传感器。红外光谱表明:CS与PVP交联形成了一种新的高聚物,实验结果证明该聚合物适合辣根过氧化物酶的固定。该传感器对于H2O2的电流响应在5 s内即可达到最大,线性范围为6.0×10-6~1.7×10-4mol/L;检出限为2.5×10-6mol/L。该传感器的检测灵敏度为62.5μA/mmol/L。     

抗坏血酸在离子液体修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为

利用离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐(BMIMBF4)对玻碳电极(GCE)进行修饰,制备了BMI-MBF4/GCE电极.在0.1mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,采用循环伏安法研究了抗坏血酸在BMIMBF4/GCE电极和裸玻碳电极(GCE)上的电化学行为.结果表明,pH=5.7的磷酸盐缓冲溶液为最佳测定底液,最佳富集时间为120s;BMIMBF4/GCE对抗坏血酸的氧化反应有很好的电化学催化作用.抗坏血酸的氧化峰电流与其浓度在2.0×10-4～1.0×10-2 mol/L的范围内呈良好的线性关系,相对标准偏差为4.53%(n=5).     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.