亚磺化脱卤研究 Ⅶ.全氟碘代烷与SO_3~-的反应

全氟碘代烷R_FI[R_F=CF_3(CF_2)_5(1a);H(CF_2)_4(1b);H(CF_2)8(1c);Cl(CF_2)_4(1d);Cl(CF_2)_6(1e);Cl(CF_2)_8(1f);NaO_3S(CF_2)2O(CF_)_2(1g);NaO_3S(CF_2)_2O(CF_2)_4(1h)]及α,ω-二碘化物I(CF_2)_n[n=4(1i);n=6(1j)]与Ce~(4+)-亚硫酸氢钠于70℃左右、pH3～4的溶液中反应,形成相应的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐,产率70～85％.全氟氯代烷和全氟溴代烷在同样条件下未能发生反应.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 VI.带极性取代基的伯碘代全氟烷的亚磺化脱碘

本文研究了取代基对亚磺化脱碘反应的影响,带极性取代基的碘代全氟烷I(CF~2)~nO(CF~2)~2-SO~3Na(1a～1c, n=2,4,6)、I(CF~2)~nOCF~2CO~2Na(2a～2b,n=2,4)、I(CF~2)~2O(CF2)2SO~2K(3)及I(CF~2)~4OCF~2CONH~2(4)于水溶液中在温和条件下可与连二亚硫酸钠进行亚磺化脱碘反应,生成相应取代的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐NaO~2(CF~2)~nSO~3O(CF2)2Na(5a～5c,n=2,4,6)、NaO~2S(CF~2)~2-OCF~2CO~2Na(6a～6b,n=2,4)、NaO~2S(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~2K(7)及NaO~2(CF~2)~4OCF~2CONH2(8).这些亚磺酸盐均可按常规方法转化成相应取代的磺酰氯,从而提供了合成带这些取代基的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐及磺酸等衍生物的方便途径。     

亚磺化脱卤研究III.全氟伯碘代烷及a,w-全氟伯碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠作用下的亚磺化脱碘反应

应用相转移催化和加入共溶剂的技术,全氟碘代烷如Cl(CF2)2I(1a)、Cl(CF2)4I(1b),Cl(CF2)6I(1c),H(CF2)8I(1d),C4F9I(1e),C6F13I(1f),C8F17I(1g)及α,ω-全氟二碘代烷如(ICF2CF2)2O(3a),I(CF2)6I(3b),I(CF2)8I(3c),I(CF2)10I(3d)等均可与连二亚硫酸钠水溶液在温和的条件下发生亚磺化脱碘反应,生成全氟亚磺酸盐Cl(CF2)2SO2Na(2a),Cl(CF2)4SO2Na(2b),Cl(CF2)6SO2Na(2c),H(CF2)8SO2Na(2d),C4F9SO2Na(2e),C6F13SO2Na(2f),C8F17SO2Na(2g)及O(CF2CF2SO2K)255a),KO2S(CF2)6SO2K(5b),KO2S(CF2)8SO2K(5c),KO2S(CF2)10SO2K(5d)全氟α,ω-二亚磺酸钠易潮解,均转化为相应的钾盐。这些亚磺酸盐均可用常规方法氯化成对应的磺酰氯,从而提供了由全氟碘代烷、二碘代烷制备全氟亚磺酸盐、二亚磺酸盐及全氟磺酸,二磺酸及衍生物的一种实用方法。     

亚磺化脱卤研究IX.仲碘代全氟烷的合成及其反应研究

合成了仲碘代全氟烷衍生物CF~3CFI(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~2F(3),CF~3(CFI(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~3Na(4),CF~3CFI(CF~2)~nCl(7an=2,7bn=4)及CF~2(CF~2)~3OCFICF~3(8),研究了它们与连二亚硫酸钠的反应,并用烯烃作为自由基截捕剂加入反应体系中,得到了1:1仲碘代全氟烷与各类烯烃的加成物.     

氟烷基化和氟烷基化的研究5.苯基硫酚阴离子与5-卤-3-氧杂全氟戊基二乙基磺酰胺的反应

本文研究了X(CF~2)~nI(X=H, F,Cl,Br,I),I(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~2NEt~2,R~pCF~2Br,Br(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~2NEt~2与PhSNa的S~[RN]1反应.这个反应不仅易于发生,而且苯基硫酚阴离子单取代产物或二取代产物的产率较高.苯基硫酚阴离子与ω-H,ω-Cl全氟烷羟并不发生反应.Cl~2CYCF~2O(CF~2)~2SO~2NEt~2(Y-Cl,F)也易于PhSNa反应,并且还发生C-O断裂得PhSCF~2-CYClH,PhSCF~2CYCl~2,PhSCF=CYCl和(PhS)~2C=C(SPh)~2,PhSCOCF~2SO~2NEt~2,估计反应是通过阴离子型链式机理.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 Ⅲ.全氟伯碘代烷及α,ω—全氟二伯碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠作用下的亚磺化脱碘反应

应用相转移催化和加入共溶剂的技术,全氟碘代烷如Cl(CF_2)_2I(1a)、Cl(CF_2)_4I(1b),Cl(CF_2)_6I(1c),H(CF_2)_8I(1d),C_4F_9I(1e),C_6F_(13)I(1f),C_8F_(17)I(1g)及α,ω-全氟二碘代烷如(ICF_2CF_2)_2O(3a),I(CF_2)_6I(3b),I(CF_2)_8I(3c),I(CF_2)_(10)I(3d)等均可与连二亚硫酸钠水溶液在温和的条件下发生亚磺化脱碘反应,生成全氟亚磺酸盐Cl(CF_2)_2SO_2Na(2a),Cl(CF_2)_4SO_2Na(2b),Cl(CF_2)_6SO_2Na(2c),H(CF_2)_8SO_2Na(2d),C_4F_9SO_2Na(2e),C_6F_(13)SO_2Na(2f),C_8F_(17)SO_2Na(2g)及O(CF_2CF_2SO_2K)_2(5a),KO_2S(CF_2)_6SO_2K(5b),KO_2S(CF_2)_8SO_2K(5c),KO_2S(CF_2)_(10)SO_2K(5d)。全氟α,ω-二亚磺酸钠易潮解,均转化为相应的钾盐。这些亚磺酸盐均可用常规方法氯化成对应的磺酰氯,从而提供了由全氟碘代烷、二碘代烷制备全氟亚磺酸盐、二亚磺酸盐及全氟磺酸,二磺酸及衍生物的一种实用方法。     

ω-氯氟烷基醇,烯烃及环氧化物的合成

本文报道在引发剂存在下, ω-氯氟烷基碘与烯丙基化合物(CH~2=CH-CH~2X, X=OH,OAC) 及乙烯基化合物CH~2=CH-OAC 发生自由基加成反应, 生成相应的加成产物Cl(CF~2)~nCH~2CHICH~2OH (2a～d), Cl(CF~2)~nCH~2CHICH~2OAC (3a～d)和Cl(CF~2)~nCH~2CHIOAC (4a～d) , 产率较好.2a～d用LiAlH~4脱碘生成Cl(CF~2)~nCH~2CH~2CH~2OH(5a～d), 反应条件温和. 2a～d与KOH-CH~3OH反应， 主要得到醇Cl(CF~2)~nCH=CHCH~2OH (6a～c), 若2a～d与NaOH-水溶液反应则得到环氧丙烷化合物. 在少量HOAC存在下， 异丙醇溶剂中， 锌粉与2a～d和3a～d反应得到消除产物Cl(CF~2)~n-CH~2CH=CH~2 (8a～d) . 4a～d与锌反应，再经KOH-CH~3OH-H~2O水解得到Cl(CF~2)~n(CH~2)~2OH(10a～d).     

亚磺化脱卤研究 X: 全氟及多氟溴代烷的反应研究

本文报道溴代全氟烷和α,ω-二溴代全氟烷在亚磺化脱卤反应体系中与烯烃的反应及其与相应的碘代全氟烷的区别. 合成了全氟仲溴代烷CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO2F(7), 它与烯烃反应可得到1:1的加成物. 7的水解产物CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO3Na(11)与连二亚硫酸钠反应只得到氢化脱溴产物. 多氟溴化物CF3CBr2X(13X=F; 14X=Cl; 15X=Br)经亚磺化脱溴可得到相应的亚磺酸钠盐CF3CBrXSO2Na(16X=F; 17X=Cl; 18X=Br), 其中间体多氟烷自由基可用烯烃捕集, 得到高产率的1:1加成产物.     

氟烷基化和氟烷氧基化的研究8.钯(O)催化氟烷基碘对炔烃的加成反应

四(三苯基膦)钯(O)在温和的条件下能催化氟烷基碘R~FI[R~F=(CF~2)~nCl,n=2;n=4;n=6;R~F=(CF~3)~nCF~3;n=3;n=1;R~F=H(CF~2)~4]对炔烃(CH≡CC~4H~9,CH≡CSiMe~3,CH≡CPh)加成生成较高产率的加成产物.二(三苯基膦)二氯化肥(II)和二(三苯基膦)氟烷基碘化钯(II)在同样的条件下无催化作用.2,2-硝基,亚硝基丙烷能部分阻止反应,这表明反应的可能中间体是自由基,而不是二(三苯基膦)氟烷基碘化钯(II).     

亚磺化脱卤研究 X: 全氟及多氟溴代烷的反应研究

本文报道溴代全氟烷和α,ω-二溴代全氟烷在亚磺化脱卤反应体系中与烯烃的反应及其与相应的碘代全氟烷的区别. 合成了全氟仲溴代烷CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO2F(7), 它与烯烃反应可得到1:1的加成物. 7的水解产物CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO3Na(11)与连二亚硫酸钠反应只得到氢化脱溴产物. 多氟溴化物CF3CBr2X(13X=F; 14X=Cl; 15X=Br)经亚磺化脱溴可得到相应的亚磺酸钠盐CF3CBrXSO2Na(16X=F; 17X=Cl; 18X=Br), 其中间体多氟烷自由基可用烯烃捕集, 得到高产率的1:1加成产物.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.