求解饱和半空间上弹性圆板固结沉降的积分方程

本文采用解析方法分析了弹性圆板在饮和半空间上的固结沉降。考虑弹性圆板与饮和半空间的接触面上无摩擦力,且饱和半空间表面为全部透水的。运用Ｂｉｏｔ固结理论和积分方程技术,在Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换域上建立了弹性圆板固结沉降的对偶积分方程,并化此对偶积分方程为第二类Ｆｒｅｄｈｏｌｍ积分方程。通过对其核函数的有效数值发得到第二类Ｆｒｅｄｈｏｌｍ积分方程的解,再利用Ｌａｐａｃｅ反演技术获得弹性板在时间域中的固结沉     

Quasi-Static and Dynamic Behavior of Saturated Porous Media with Incompressible Constituents

In this paper the field equations governing the dynamic response of a fluid-saturated elastic porous medium are analyzed and built up for the study of quasi-static and dynamical problems like the consolidation problem and wave propagation. The two constituents are assumed to be incompressible. A numerical solution is derived by means of the standard Galerkin procedure and the finite element method.     

Large amplitude radial oscillations of layered thick-walled cylindrical shells

Finite breathing motions of multi-layered, long, circular cylindrical shells of arbitrary wall thickness are investigated on the basis of the theory of large elastic deformations. The materials of the layers are assumed to be isotropic, elastic, homogeneous and incompressible. The governing non-linear ordinary differential equation is solved partially to give the frequencies of oscillations in an integral form. An approximate solution technique based on Galerkin's orthogonalization process is also formulated to give complete solutions. A tube consisting of two layers of neo-Hookean materials is solved both by exact and approximate methods. An excellent agreement is observed between the two sets of results.     

Plane strain consolidation of soil layer with anisotropic permeability

This paper presents an alternative analytical technique to study a plane strain consolidation of a poroelastic soil by taking into account the anisotropy of permeability. From the governing equations of a saturated poroelastic soil, the relationship of basic variables for a point of a soil layer is established between the ground surface （z=0） and the depth z in the Laplace-Fourier transform domain. Combined with the boundary conditions, an exact solution is derived for plane strain Biot＇s consolidation of a finite soil layer with anisotropic permeability in the transform domain. Numerical inversions of the Laplace transform and the Fourier transform are adopted to obtain the actual solution in the physical domain. Numerical results of plane strain Biot＇s consolidation for a single soil layer show that the anisotropic of permeability has a great influence on the consolidation behavior of the soils.     

Analytical solution to one-dimensional consolidation in unsaturated soils

This paper presents an analytical solution of the one-dimensional consolidation in unsaturated soil with a finite thickness under vertical loading and confinements in the lateral directions. The boundary contains the top surface permeable to water and air and the bottom impermeable to water and air. The analytical solution is for Fredlund＇s one-dimensional consolidation equation in unsaturated soils. The transfer relationship between the state vectors at top surface and any depth is obtained by using the Laplace transform and Cayley-Hamilton mathematical methods to the governing equations of water and air, Darcy＇s law and Fick＇s law. Excess pore-air pressure, excess pore-water pressure and settlement in the Laplace-transformed domain are obtained by using the Laplace transform with the initial conditions and boundary conditions. By performing inverse Laplace transforms, the analytical solutions are obtained in the time domain. A typical example illustrates the consolidation characteristics of unsaturated soil from an- alytical results. Finally, comparisons between the analytical solutions and results of the finite difference method indicate that the analytical solution is correct.     

Automated numerical simulation of the propagation of multiple cracks in a finite plane using the distributed dislocation method

In this paper, an automated numerical simulation of the propagation of multiple cracks in a finite elastic plane by the distributed dislocation method is developed. Firstly, a solution to the problem of a two-dimensional finite elastic plane containing multiple straight cracks and kinked cracks is presented. A serial of distributed dislocations in an infinite plane are used to model all the cracks and the boundary of the finite plane. The mixed-mode stress intensity factors of all the cracks can be calculated by solving a system of singular integral equations with the Gauss–Chebyshev quadrature method. Based on the solution, the propagation of multiple cracks is modeled according to the maximum circumferential stress criterion and Paris' law. Several numerical examples are presented to show the accuracy and efficiency of this method for the simulation of multiple cracks in a 2D finite plane.     

A simplified nonlinear theory of the generalized plane strain

A finite deformation theory of plane strain is formulated for transversely isotropic, homogeneous bodies with nonlinear stress-strain law. A new set of simplified field equations, which is valid in the case of some deviations from Hooke's law, is derived systematically with the help of the method of order estimation. For illustration purposes, a circular hole in a body under generalized plane strain is considered, together with the solution of an example problem by perturbation techniques.     

Modified Gurtin's variational principles in the linear dynamic theory of viscoelasticity

Using the Vainberg's theory of potential operators, variational principles are developed for linear dynamic theory of viscoelasticity. The Euler equations of the functional developed herein are the governing field equations, including the boundary and initial conditions as opposed to equivalent set of Integro-differential equations of the Gurtin's method.     

Semi-analytical solution to one-dimensional consolidation in unsaturated soils

In this paper, a series of semi-analytical solutions to one-dimensional consolidation in unsaturated soils are obtained. The air governing equation by Fredlund for unsaturated soils consolidation is simplified. By applying the Laplace transform and the Cayley-Hamilton theorem to the simplified governing equations of water and air, Darcy＇s law, and Fick＇s law, the transfer function between the state vectors at top and at any depth is then constructed. Finally, by the boundary conditions, the excess pore-water pressure, the excess pore-air pressure, and the soil settlement are obtained under several kinds of boundary conditions with the large-area uniform instantaneous loading. By the Crump method, the inverse Laplace transform is performed, and the semi-analytical solutions to the excess pore-water pressure, the excess pore-air pressure, and the soils settlement are obtained in the time domain. In the case of one surface which is permeable to air and water, comparisons between the semi-analytical solutions and the analytical solutions indicate that the semi-analytical solutions are correct. In the case of one surface which is permeable to air but impermeable to water, comparisons between the semi-analytical solutions and the results of the finite difference method are made, indicating that the semi-analytical solution is also correct.     

欧拉描述的大变形固结理论

以往大变形固结理论主要基于一般的固体力学模型,其控制方程忽视了固结过程中排水引起 的质量变化. 提出饱和土的连续介质模型,并基于连续介质力学的公理体系推导了反映质量 变化的欧拉描述的大变形固结控制方程. 发现传统固结理论中：(1)忽视了渗流速度对土体平衡条件的影响;(2)决定土体平衡的总应力张量只有在土体变形速度和渗流速度方向相同时才具有对称性等. 在忽略变质量效应等条件下,传统理论成为本文理论的特例. 通过算例 的有限元分析,比较了欧拉描述与两种物质描述方法的差别,得到初步结论：(1)欧拉描述 方法计算的地基沉降量要小于物质描述方法的结果;(2)欧拉描述方法计算的侧向位移偏大 于两种物质描述结果.     

On the non-linear vibration of a thin ring with steady pressurization

Large amplitude, flexural oscillations of an inextensible, linearly elastic, pressurized ring are analyzed. Non-linear governing equations describing the planar motion of a thin rod curved in its undeformed state and subject to a distributed load applied normal to the neutral axis are developed using Hamilton's extended principle. The equations are specialized to study the behavior of a circular ring, and approximate solutions are obtained for a single mode response by a perturbation technique. Free, undamped oscillations and forced response of the ring near resonance are discussed. The influence of the magnitude of pressurization on the non-linear character of the motion is investigated.     

A new analytical solution to axisymmetric Biot＇s consolidation of a finite soil layer

A new analytical method is presented to study the axisymmetric Biot＇s consolidation of a finite soil layer. Starting from the governing equations of axisymmetric Blot＇s consolidation, and based on the property of Laplace transform, the relation of basic variables for a point of a finite soil layer is established between the ground surface （z= 0） and the depth z in the Laplace and Hankel transform domains. Combined with the boundary conditions of the finite soil layer, the analytical solution of any point in the transform domain can be obtained. The actual solution in the physical domain can be obtained by inverse Laplace and Hankel transforms. A numerical analysis for the axisymmetric consolidation of a finite soil layer is carried out.     

Indentation of a compressible soft electroactive half-space: Some theoretical aspects

We theoretically study the indentation response of a compressible soft electroactive material by a rigid punch. The half-space material is assumed to be initially subjected to a finite deformation and an electric biasing field. By adopting the linearized theory for incremental fields, which is established on the basis of a general nonlinear theory for electroelasticity, the appropriate equations governing the perturbed infinitesimal elastic and electric fields are derived particularly when the material is subjected to a uniform equibiaxial stretch and a uniform electric displacement. A general solution to the governing equations is presented, which is concisely expressed in terms of four quasi-harmonic functions. By adopting the potential theory method, exact contact solutions for three common perfectly conducting rigid indenters of flat-ended circular, conical and spherical geometries can be derived, and some explicit relations that are of practical importance are outlined.     

Stress concentrations in the particulate composite with transversely isotropic phases

The accurate series solution have been obtained of the elasticity theory problem for a transversely isotropic solid containing a finite or infinite periodic array of anisotropic spherical inclusions. The method of solution has been developed based on the multipole expansion technique. The basic idea of method consists in expansion the displacement vector into a series over the set of vectorial functions satisfying the governing equations of elastic equilibrium. The re-expansion formulae derived for these functions provide exact satisfaction of the interfacial boundary conditions. As a result, the primary spatial boundary-value problem is reduced to an infinite set of linear algebraic equations. The method has been applied systematically to solve for three models of composite, namely a single inclusion, a finite array of inclusions and an infinite periodic array of inclusions, respectively, embedded in a transversely isotropic solid. The numerical results are presented demonstrating that elastic properties mismatch, anisotropy degree, orientation of the anisotropy axes and interactions between the inclusions can produce significant local stress concentration and, thus, affect greatly the overall elastic behavior of composite.     

Mechanical buckling and free vibration of thick functionally graded plates resting on elastic foundation using the higher order B-spline finite strip method

In this study, the mechanical buckling and free vibration of thick rectangular plates made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) resting on elastic foundation subjected to in-plane loading is considered. The third order shear deformation theory (TSDT) is employed to derive the governing equations. It is assumed that the material properties of FGM plates vary smoothly by distribution of power law across the plate thickness. The elastic foundation is modeled by the Winkler and two-parameter Pasternak type of elastic foundation. Based on the spline finite strip method, the fundamental equations for functionally graded plates are obtained by discretizing the plate into some finite strips. The results are achieved by the minimization of the total potential energy and solving the corresponding eigenvalue problem. The governing equations are solved for FGM plates buckling analysis and free vibration, separately. In addition, numerical results for FGM plates with different boundary conditions have been verified by comparing to the analytical solutions in the literature. Furthermore, the effects of different values of the foundation stiffness parameters on the response of the FGM plates are determined and discussed.     

On the Dirichlet problem for incompressible elastic materials

The linearized equations governing the deformations of incompressible elastic bodies are discussed. The Dirichlet problem is formulated for this system of equations using the theory of elliptic systems due to Douglis and Nirenberg. A uniqueness theorem is proved. Necessary and sufficient conditions for uniqueness of solution to the Dirichlet problem are obtained for small deformations of a Mooney-Rivlin material which has been subjected to a finite homogeneous biaxial deformation.     

考虑在地基固结和流变的上部结构和地基基础的共同作用问题

本文提出一种能同时考虑地基的瞬时变形,团结变形和流变的地基基础与上部结构共同作用的一种新的计算方法,在这种方法中,土的计算考虑了Biot固结理论和流变,上部结构利用子结构法进行凝聚可得边界刚度矩阵和边界力,利用位移协讯条件则可以得到共同作用的控制方程,对上述方程进行Laplace变换,可以得到Laplace变换域内的控制方程,在Laplace变换域内对上述方程进行数值求解并进行相应的Laplace逆变换则可以得到时间境内任意时刻的解。     

Simulation of planar converging flow of a Leonov viscoelastic fluid

An efficient finite element algorithm is presented to simulate the planar converging flow for the viscoelastic fluid of the Leonov model. The governing equation set, composed of the continuity, momentum and constitutive equations for the Leonov fluid flow, is conveniently decoupled and a two-stage cyclic iteration technique is employed to solve the velocity and elastic strain fields separately. Artificial viscosity terms are imposed on the momentum equations to relax the elastic force and data smoothing is performed on the iterative calculations for velocities to further stabilize the numerical computations. The calculated stresses agree qualitatively with the experimental measurements and other numerically simulated results available in the literature. Computations were successful to moderately high values of Deborah number of about 27·5.     

Solitary waves in initially stressed thin elastic tubes

In the present work, we study the propagation of non-linear waves in an initially stressed thin elastic tube filled with an inviscid fluid. Considering the physiological conditions of the arteries, in the analysis, the tube is assumed to be subjected to a uniform inner pressure P₀ and an axial stretch ratio λ_z. It is assumed that due to blood flow, a finite dynamical displacement field is superimposed on this static field and, then, the non-linear governing equations of the elastic tube are obtained. Using the reductive perturbation technique, the propagation of weakly non-linear waves in the longwave approximation is investigated. It is shown that the governing equations reduce to the Korteweg-deVries equation which admits a solitary wave solution. It is observed that the present model equations give two solitary wave solutions. The results are also discussed for some elastic materials existing in the literature.