Fringes of equal tangential inclination by curvature-induced birefringence

A new kind of interference fringes, fringes of equal tangential inclination by curvature-induced birefringence, is presented. These are two-beam interference fringes produced by bending a thin sheet of birefringent material into a part of an exact cylinder such that the curvature is constant. Due to this curvature there is a uniform birefringence being induced. The change in birefringence induced by applying different radii of curvatures to a Fortepan sheet is measured. The stored (fixed) or natural birefringence of this sheet is deduced.     

Group refractive index measurement by fringes of equal chromatic order

Fringes of equal chromatic order in transmission across a thin liquid or a thin solid sample inside a wedge interferometer, followed with a grating spectrograph, are produced. A single-shot interferogram of the air and sample regions is recorded. Locations of fringes maxima in the air region are fitted in a numerical procedure based on Cauchy's dispersion function. Then it is used for measuring the interferometric gap thickness. The order of interference in the sample region is represented by a third-order polynomial in the wavenumber for deducing the sample group refractive index. An error analysis of the measured group refractive index is given. The method is applied for measuring the group refractive index of water and mica samples across the visible spectrum. The method measures both the sample thickness and its group refractive index. It is static with no moving parts and suitable for thin liquid or solid samples without immersion liquids.     

低色差GRIN棒透镜制备工艺的研究

熔制了含Li+硅酸盐玻璃,玻璃的棒料在NaNO3熔盐中进行离子交换后得到了梯度折射率(GRIN)棒。采用干涉法测得了GRIN棒的折射率分布曲线。实验结果表明:通过所述的工艺,可以获得直径达5mm的GRIN棒,其折射率分布曲线与双曲正割曲线接近。分析表明GRIN棒的轴向色差评价函数值约为0 6～0 7%。     

A novel low power chromatic dispersion monitoring technique employing SOA spectral shift

A novel approach for online chromatic dispersion monitoring by use of the spectral shift in the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Power on the long-wavelength side of the signal through the SOA is extracted for measuring the dispersion characteristics. Keeping a constant input power of 0 dBm, the experimental result shows that the ratio of the filtered power to the total power decreased by 10 dB when the introduced dispersion reaches ±700 ps/nm.     

Flattened chromatic dispersion in square photonic crystal fibers with low confinement losses

This research presents a simple index-guiding square photonic crystal fibers (SPCFs) that has a silica core surrounded by air hole with two different diameters. It is demonstrated that the designed two-different-size hole-arrayed index-guiding SPCFs has a ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion of 0 ± 0.9 ps/(nm·km) in a wavelength range of 1.34 to 1.61 μm and low confinement loss of less than 10⁻⁷ dB/m in a wavelength range of 1.2 to 1.7 μm. It has also been shown that the proposed SPCFs show reasonable dispersion tolerance.     

Dispersion management with microstructured optical fibers: ultraflattened chromatic dispersion with low losses

We numerically demonstrate ultraflattened chromatic dispersion with low losses in microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). We propose using two different MOF structures to get this result. Both structures are based on a subset of a triangular array of cylindrical air holes; the cross sections of these inclusions are circular, and a missing hole in the fiber's middle forms the core. In this MOF structure the diameters of the inclusions increase with distance from the fiber axis until the diameters reach a maximum. With this new design and with three different hole diameters, it requires only seven rings to reach the 0.2-dB/km level at lambda = 1.55 microm with a variation amplitude of dispersion below 3.0 x 10(-2) ps nm(-1) km(-1) of lambda = 1.5-1.6 microm. With the usual MOF (made from holes of identical diameter), we show that at least 18 hole rings are required for losses to decrease to < 1 dB/km at lambda = 1.55 microm.     

Optical Automatic Focusing with Interference Fringes

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃｆｏｃｕｓｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｏｐｔｉｃａｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｐｌａｙｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｏｎ．Ｈｅｒｅａｎｅｗｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｏｆａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃｆｏｃｕｓｉｎｇｕｓｉｎｇｌａｓ...     

Novel design of photonic crystal fibres with low confinement losses, nearly zero ultra-flatted chromatic dispersion, negative chromatic dispersion and improved effective mode area

A novel photonic crystal fibre (PCF) with a low confinement loss and nearly zero ultra-flatted chromatic dispersion and negative chromatic dispersion at a wide telecommunication window is presented. Important PCF design parameters, such as the effects of air holes and geometrical parameters on the effective index, confinement losses, chromatic dispersion and effective mode area, have been thoroughly investigated by employing the full vectorial finite element method. Significant reduction of the confinement loss and low chromatic dispersion of the PCF, with three rings of air holes, has been obtained by carefully incorporating additional air holes.     

Geometric Phase Observation with Dispersed Fringes

Geometric and dynamic phases are separately observed using dispersed fringes, and the difference between them is clearly demonstrated. Independence of geometric phase of wavelength is straightforwardly shown in the dispersed fringe.     

透射光的干涉条纹能观察到吗?

在今年的高考复习资料中有这样一道题目： 如图1是观察薄膜干涉现象的示意图，酒精灯放在金属丝圈上的肥皂液薄膜前，在酒精灯火焰上洒一些氯化钠，使火焰发出黄光，则以下说法正确的是     

低倍率放大重构像全息干涉图

以傅里叶变换为基础，提出了低倍率放大重构像全息干涉条纹的具体方法，它不仅光路简单，放大倍率可以人为选择，而且由此得到的全息干涉条纹效果很好．     

Reverse correlation analysis of chromatic contrast perception based on chromatic mechanism models

We applied the classification image (CI) method to examine the effects of heterochromatic noise on color perception. Moreover, rather than the typical CI analysis procedure, we analyzed the CI data based on chromatic mechanism models. The stimulus was a superposition image of two uniformly colored squares (signal images) and a multicolored texture (a noise image), whose colors were chosen from an isoluminant plane of the Derrington-Krauskopf-Lennie color space. The observers judged the relative chromatic contrasts of the two signal squares on the different noise textures. The CI showed strong color modulations, whose color directions differed from the signal. Additionally, the model analysis demonstrated that the model with four mechanisms and the cardinal mechanisms model were not inferior to the model with more mechanisms with regard to explaining our experiment data; the cardinal model’s fit with the observer’s behaviors was improved by simply adjusting the relative sensitivities of the four mechanisms.     

激光等倾干涉法

本文介绍一种新的基于两点光源干涉原理的精确检测透镜中心偏的方法。利用由静止参考面和位于空气轴承转台上的被检透镜表面之间产生的非定域干涉条纹,可以把透镜的面倾角误差大大放大并加以检测。这种方法与现有的透镜中心偏检测方法相比具有精度高、操作简便、并与透镜形状无关等明显优点。理论与实践证明,如果参考面的曲率半径和参考面与被检面之间的空气间隔选得合适,那么即使用肉眼也能检测出约1″大小的透镜面倾角误差。     

基于声光栅的变频条纹投射系统

针对三维形貌测量中结构光照明系统投影速度慢、结构复杂、在线集成困难的问题,提出了一种基于声光栅的变频条纹投射系统。该系统利用拍频信号驱动声光偏转器,在声光晶体中形成两个重叠的光栅,光源发出的激光以布拉格角入射,形成两束一级衍射光,经透镜聚焦形成光强按正弦规律分布的结构光条纹。建立了数学模型,同时提出了一种新的相位凝固技术,使条纹空间频率和相位的变化规律得到了很好的解释。该系统结构紧凑、体积小,全电控可调,无任何机械移动部件,具有条纹投影速度快、精度高、动态可编程的特点。应用该系统对石膏像形貌进行测量,获得了用于三维成像的相位图。该投射系统对于解决复杂几何形状物体的三维测量问题具有较高的工程应用价值。     

对波动光学中条纹公式的思考

1 引言 在大学物理的部分教材中,关于波动光学的条纹公式表示为     

Fringes demodulation in time-averaged digital shearography using genetic algorithms

This paper presents a phase recovery method, based on genetic algorithms, in time-average shearography. It is proved that a single Bessel fringe pattern obtained under a subtraction operation could be enough to calculate the phase. A merit function is solved iteratively using genetic operator like selection, reproduction and mutation. Experimental results are presented in this paper using a simple shearing system based on a Fresnel biprism.     

基于Hough变换的数字全息干涉条纹检测

提出了一种利用Hough变换在图像中检测模糊直线条纹的有效方法.将Hough变换对随机噪音不敏感的特性与Fourier变换的性质相结合,可实现对图形中有相同周期条纹的检测.该方法不针对单一条纹,只识别相同周期条纹的总体特征,能有效避免条纹部分缺失对检测结果的影响,并能快速检测条纹的准确数量.将该方法应用于数字全息干涉图...     

一种新的Fabry-Perot干涉条纹处理方法

介绍了一种提取Fabry-Perot(法布里-帕罗)干涉条纹圆心点坐标和条纹半径的新方法。首先对干涉图像依次进行二值化处理,对所得到的条纹强度曲线进行均平滤波和自适应滤波,根据条纹灰度值强度余弦函数分布的特点,对条纹灰度值数据进行最小二乘法拟合,获得条纹强度峰值坐标,通过精确的迭代算法,进而获得Fabry-Perot干涉条纹圆心点的坐标;然后再对干涉条纹进行圆周积分,从而可以确定每级Fabry-Perot干涉条纹的半径长度。该方法可提高计算精度,减小计算误差。     

基于最小二乘迭代的多表面干涉条纹分析

为了准确地测量透射平行平板,提出了基于最小二乘迭代的多表面干涉条纹分析方法.依据波长调谐相移的原理,通过最小二乘迭代准确地求得每组双表面干涉条纹的实际相移值.从而准确地提取平板前后表面面形及厚度变化等信息.模拟计算结果表明.当相移值有微小偏差(小于0.2 rad)时,通过10次迭代后求得相位的峰值(PV)误差为0.005 rad,均方根(RMS)误差为0.002 rad,而相应Okada算法的PV误差为0.512 tad.RMS误差为0.103 rad.实验结果验证了该箅法的有效性.     

Self Mixing Fringes of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers under Dual Reflector Feedback

The self-mixing fringes which shift due to every one-twentieth wavelength displacement of the target are observed. Taking advantage of the dual reflectors in the external cavity of lasers, the resolution of the sensors has been improved by 10 times. The role of the each reflector has been discussed in detail.