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研究激光光束海面反射光强的方向分布特性对海上光电对抗等领域的工程实践具有重要意义.本文采用分形方法模拟粗糙海面,并在海面基准坐标系中建立起描述粗糙海面几何特征的数学方程,然后基于蒙特卡罗方法模拟高斯光束,依据几何光学原理在基准坐标系下推导了高斯光束的海面反射模型,采用该模型可以编程计算激光光束海面反射光强的方向分布.将模拟计算结果与实验结果进行了对比分析,结果表明该模型可以较好地反映激光光束海面反射光强的分布趋势,验证了模型的有效性. 相似文献
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The Kirchhoff approximation with a modified reflection coefficient is used to calculate the three-dimensional acoustic scattering of a Gaussian rough under-ice surface.The concept of a local statistical average reflection coefficient of an under-ice surface is proposed in the calculation model.The scattered sound field of a two-dimensional Gaussian rough under-ice surface is divided into coherent scattering and incoherent scattering.A formula is derived for the scattering coefficient of each sca... 相似文献
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针对随机起伏冰面的声散射计算问题,利用修正反射系数的Kirchhoff近似方法计算了高斯起伏冰面的三维声散射。在计算模型中引入了冰面局部统计平均反射系数的概念,将二维高斯起伏冰面的散射分为相干散射和非相干散射,分别得到两类散射成分的散射系数公式,计算了高斯起伏冰面三维声散射的散射强度。分析了散射强度与随机起伏冰面的均方根高度、声波入射角度及频率的关系。通过实验室水池中高斯起伏冰面的散射强度测量实验,对理论模型的计算结果进行了验证。将实验结果分别与采用冰面局部统计平均反射系数的模型计算结果和文献中采用平整冰面镜反射系数的模型计算结果进行了对比,采用冰面局部统计平均反射系数的模型计算结果与实验测量值吻合较好。 相似文献
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《Waves in Random and Complex Media》2013,23(1):105-134
When solving scattering or emissivity problems for rough surfaces, the shadowing effect is often taken into account. Furthermore, for rough surfaces with large root mean square slope, surface reflections of the incidence or emission ray should not be neglected, especially at large observation angles. In this paper, a model of the monostatic statistical illumination function for one-dimensional rough surfaces with single surface reflection is developed, which is based on the Smith illumination function. A Monte Carlo ray-tracing algorithm is used to evaluate the accuracy of the present model. It is shown that, when neglecting the correlation between heights and slopes of the surface, the present model agrees quite well with the Monte Carlo result. Moreover, the result is improved if the correlation between heights and slopes is taken into account. For practical purposes, an empirical factor is introduced to improve the performance of the uncorrelated first-order illumination function to avoid computing the correlated one, which takes a long computation time. Besides, the first-order illumination function is significant at large observation angles, which could be promising to overcome problems in models of surface infrared emissivity where underestimation occurs compared with experimental measurements. 相似文献
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传统计算海面电磁散射的方法都是通过求集平均的方法来统计得到不同输入参数下海面总回波系数的均值曲线,并不需要具体的几何样本.随着合成孔径雷达以及雷达成像的发展,为了充分描述海面各点的分布特征,需要得到海面具体面元的散射结果,同时随着海面上方风速的增大,海面泡沫层的出现会对散射结果产生相当大的影响.本文采用海面模型面元化的思想,将海面散射的贡献面元化,同时考虑泡沫层对大入射角下散射结果的影响,计算了不同风速下海面的后向散射系数,并与实测数据做对比分析,验证了方法的准确性. 相似文献
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《Waves in Random and Complex Media》2013,23(4):656-668
In this paper, the effects of characteristics of incident light and the geometrical parameters to the reflectivity of dielectric Gaussian random rough surfaces are presented. The behaviors of the reflectivity vs. several parameters are quantified using approximate methods: the geometric optics approximation (GOA) and the Kirchhoff approximation (KA) and an exact method called integral method (IM). Finally, we determine the limits of validity of approximate methods by comparisons with IM results. The regions of validity of approximate methods depending of many geometrical and physical parameters: roughness, Brewster and shadowing effects, multiple reflections, surface materials, and nature of polarization. The broader domain of validity (DV) is for KA, at normal TE-polarized incident light, for the higher dielectric permittivity. However, the narrowed DV is for GOA, at normal TM-polarized incident light for lower dielectric permittivity. 相似文献
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By using the Wigner distribution function (WDF), a general closed-form expression for the spectrum of twisted anisotropic Gaussian Schell-model (AGSM) beams in passage through a first-order ABCD system is derived. The spectral changes of twisted AGSM beams propagating in free space and through a thin lens, and the spectral changes of conversional Gaussian-Schell model (GSM) beams are treated as special cases of our general expression. Our theoretical and numerical results show that the WDF provides a powerful and simple tool in analyzing propagation properties of general AGSM beams. Specifically, the spectral behavior of twisted AGSM beams and conventional GSM beams can be treated in a unified and analytical way. 相似文献
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Application of the method of equivalent edge currents to composite scattering from the cone-cylinder above a dielectric rough sea surface 下载免费PDF全文
Compared with scattering from a rough surface only,
composite scattering from a target above a rough surface
has become so practical that it is a subject of great interest. At
present, this problem has been solved by some numerical methods
which will produce an enormous calculation amount. In order to
overcome this shortcoming, the reciprocity theorem (RT) and the
method of equivalent edge currents (MEC) are used in this paper. Due
to the advantage of RT, the difficulty in computing the secondary
scattered fields is reduced. Simultaneously, MEC, a high-frequency
method with edge diffraction considered, is used to calculate
the scattered field from the cone-cylinder target with a high
accuracy and efficiency. The backscattered field and the
polarization currents of the rough sea surface are evaluated by the
Kirchhoff approximation (KA) method and physical optics (PO) method,
respectively. The effects of the backscattering radar cross section
(RCS) and the Doppler spectrum on the size of the target and the
windspeed of the sea surface for different incident angles are
analysed in detail. 相似文献
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《Waves in Random and Complex Media》2013,23(3):229-252
Abstract In this paper the first- and second-order Kirchhoff approximation is applied to study the backscattering enhancement phenomenon, which appears when the surface rms slope is greater than 0.5. The formulation is reduced to the geometric optics approximation in which the second-order illumination function is taken into account. This study is developed for a two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic stationary rough dielectric surface and for any surface slope and height distributions assumed to be statistically even. Using the Weyl representation of the Green function (which introduces an absolute value over the surface elevation in the phase term), the incoherent scattering coefficient under the stationary phase assumption is expressed as the sum of three terms. The incoherent scattering coefficient then requires the numerical computation of a ten- dimensional integral. To reduce the number of numerical integrations, the geometric optics approximation is applied, which assumes that the correlation between two adjacent points is very strong. The model is then proportional to two surface slope probabilities, for which the slopes would specularly reflect the beams in the double scattering process. In addition, the slope distributions are related with each other by a propagating function, which accounts for the second-order illumination function. The companion paper is devoted to the simulation of this model and comparisons with an ‘exact’ numerical method. 相似文献
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In this paper the first- and second-order Kirchhoff approximation is applied to study the backscattering enhancement phenomenon, which appears when the surface rms slope is greater than 0.5. The formulation is reduced to the geometric optics approximation in which the second-order illumination function is taken into account. This study is developed for a two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic stationary rough dielectric surface and for any surface slope and height distributions assumed to be statistically even. Using the Weyl representation of the Green function (which introduces an absolute value over the surface elevation in the phase term), the incoherent scattering coefficient under the stationary phase assumption is expressed as the sum of three terms. The incoherent scattering coefficient then requires the numerical computation of a ten- dimensional integral. To reduce the number of numerical integrations, the geometric optics approximation is applied, which assumes that the correlation between two adjacent points is very strong. The model is then proportional to two surface slope probabilities, for which the slopes would specularly reflect the beams in the double scattering process. In addition, the slope distributions are related with each other by a propagating function, which accounts for the second-order illumination function. The companion paper is devoted to the simulation of this model and comparisons with an 'exact' numerical method. 相似文献
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A model of stratified medium with slightly rough interfaces is presented for analysis of scattering from oil film on sea surface. Because the thickness of oil film is considered, the model is more realistic than that raised in other paper in which only single rough surface is assumed. In this paper the coupled differential equations are derived and solved by full wave approach, and the simple expressions of back scattering cross section for oil film on sea surface have been obtained. According to these expressions some curves are given for different thickness of oil film. It is shown that the results obtained by the present model are in better agreement with the experimental data than those obtained by the single surface model. 相似文献
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《Waves in Random and Complex Media》2013,23(3):253-276
Abstract This second part presents illustrative examples of the model developed in the companion paper, which is based on the first- and second-order optics approximation. The surface is assumed to be Gaussian and the correlation height is chosen as anisotropic Gaussian. The incoherent scattering coefficient is computed for a height rms range from 0.5λ 1λwhere λ is the electromagnetic wavelength), for a slope rms range from 0.5 to 1 and for an incidence angle range from 0 to 70°. In addition, simulations are presented for an anisotropic Gaussian surface and when the receiver is not located in the plane of incidence. For a metallic and dielectric isotropic Gaussian surfaces, the cross- and co-polarizations are also compared with a numerical approach obtained from the forward.backward method with a novel spectral acceleration algorithm developed by Torrungrueng and Johnson (2001, JOSA A 18). (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) 相似文献
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This second part presents illustrative examples of the model developed in the companion paper, which is based on the first- and second-order optics approximation. The surface is assumed to be Gaussian and the correlation height is chosen as anisotropic Gaussian. The incoherent scattering coefficient is computed for a height rms range from 0.5λ 1λwhere λ is the electromagnetic wavelength), for a slope rms range from 0.5 to 1 and for an incidence angle range from 0 to 70°. In addition, simulations are presented for an anisotropic Gaussian surface and when the receiver is not located in the plane of incidence. For a metallic and dielectric isotropic Gaussian surfaces, the cross- and co-polarizations are also compared with a numerical approach obtained from the forward.backward method with a novel spectral acceleration algorithm developed by Torrungrueng and Johnson (2001, JOSA A 18). (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) 相似文献
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