Spectral order of operators and range projections

We study the effect algebra (i.e. the positive part of the unit ball of an operator algebra) and its relation to the projection lattice from the perspective of the spectral order. A spectral orthomorphism is a map between effect algebras which preserves the spectral order and orthogonality of elements. We show that if the spectral orthomorphism preserves the multiples of the unit, then it is a restriction of a Jordan homomorphism between the corresponding algebras. This is an optimal extension of the Dye's theorem on orthomorphisms of the projection lattices to larger structures containing the projections. Moreover, results on automatic countable additivity of spectral homomorphisms are proved. Further, we study the order properties of the range projection map, assigning to each positive contraction in a JBW algebra its range projection. It is proved that this map preserves infima of positive contractions in the spectral (respectively standard order) if, and only if, the projection lattice of the algebra in question is a modular lattice.     

A sampling theorem for multivariate stationary processes

The notion of sampling for second-order q-variate processes is defined. It is shown that if the components of a q-variate process (not necessarily stationary) admits a sampling theorem with some sample spacing, then the process itself admits a sampling theorem with the same sample spacing. A sampling theorem for q-variate stationary processes, under a periodicity condition on the range of the spectral measure of the process, is proved in the spirit of Lloy's work. This sampling theorem is used to show that if a q-variate stationary process admits a sampling theorem, then each of its components will admit a sampling theorem too.     

Spectral averaging, perturbation of singular spectra, and localization

A spectral averaging theorem is proved for one-parameter families of self-adjoint operators using the method of differential inequalities. This theorem is used to establish the absolute continuity of the averaged spectral measure with respect to Lebesgue measure. This is an important step in controlling the singular continuous spectrum of the family for almost all values of the parameter. The main application is to the problem of localization for certain families of random Schrödinger operators. Localization for a family of random Schrödinger operators is established employing these results and a multi-scale analysis.

     

Exponential separation,exponential dichotomy and spectral theory for linear systems of ordinary differential equations

This paper is concerned with linear nonautonomous systems of ordinary differential equations. A criterion for exponential separation in terms of exponential dichotomy is given. As corollaries we obtain the roughness theorem for exponential separation and the new result that an upper triangular system on a half-line is exponentially separated if and only if the system corresponding to its diagonal is. A minimal decomposition into exponentially separated subspaces is defined. It turns out that it is, in general, finer than the Sacker-Sell spectral decomposition but that the two decompositions coincide for almost periodic systems.     

Representations of Affine Multifunctions by Affine Selections

The paper deals with affine selections of affine (both convex and concave) multifunctions acting between finite-dimensional real normed spaces. It is proved that each affine multifunction with compact values possesses an exhaustive family of affine selections and, consequently, can be represented by its affine selections. Moreover, a convex multifunction with compact values possesses an exhaustive family of affine selections if and only if it is affine. Thus the existence of an exhaustive family of affine selections is the characteristic feature of affine multifunctions which differs them from other convex multifunctions with compact values. Besides a necessary and sufficient condition for a concave multifunction to be affine on a given convex subset is also proved. Finally it is shown that each affine multifunction with compact values can be represented as the closed convex hull of its exposed affine selections and as the convex hull of its extreme affine selections. These statements extend the Straszewicz theorem and the Krein–Milman theorem to affine multifunctions. Dedicated to Boris Mordukhovich in honour of his 60th birthday.     

Frequency Tests for the Existence and Stability of Bounded Solutions to Differential Equations of Higher Order

To study a vector-matrix differential equation of order n, the method of integral equations is used. When the Lipschitz condition holds, an existence and uniqueness theorem for a bounded solution and its estimates are obtained. This solution is almost periodic if the nonlinearity is almost periodic, and it is asymptotically Lyapunov stable if the matrix characteristic polynomial is a Hurwitz polynomial. Under a Lipschitztype condition, a theorem on the existence of at least one bounded solution is proved; among the bounded solutions, there is at least one recurrent solution if the nonlinearity is almost periodic. The equation is S-dissipative if the matrix characteristic polynomial is a Hurwitz polynomial.     

平移空间的线性结构

本文证明了在平移空间上可利用距离在一定条件下构作出线性结构,引入了次范整线性空间的概念,还证明了平移空间是次范整线性空间当且仅当它的平移群是Abel群.泛函分析学中的有界线性算子定理,Hahn-Banach定理以及共鸣定理都可以移植于次范整线性空间之中.     

Eine Bemerkung zu meiner Arbeit „Rhythmische Abbildungen abelscher Gruppen II“

Summary In the paper quoted in the title it was proved that a function on a discrete group is almost automorphic if and only if it is bounded and continuous in the Bohr topology. Here this result is extended to continuous functions on arbitrary topological groups. Taken together with a theorem of Marenko, this implies a theorem first stated, but not proved, by Veech: a function of a real variable is continuous and almost automorphic if and only if it is bounded and Levitan almost periodic.     

Some remarks on almost l-groups

The divisibility group of every Bézout domain is an abelian l-group. Conversely, Jaffard, Kaplansky, and Ohm proved that each abelian l-group can be obtained in this way, which generalizes Krull’s theorem for abelian linearly ordered groups. Dumitrescu, Lequain, Mott, and Zafrullah [3] proved that an integral domain is almost GCD if and only if its divisibility group is an almost l-group. Then they asked whether the Krull-Jaffard-Kaplansky-Ohm theorem on l-groups can be extended to the framework of almost l-groups, and asked under what conditions an almost l-group is lattice-ordered [3, Questions 1 and 2]. This note answers the two questions. Received: 29 April 2008     

Application of Michael's theorem and its converse to sublinear operators

A theorem of Michael on continuous selectors and its converse are used in this article to study subdifferentials of continuous sublinear operators with values in a cone of lower semicontinuous functions. It is proved that such operators are subdifferentiable (i.e., have nonempty subdifferentials) if their domains are separable Banach spaces. Sublinear operators that are not subdifferentiable are found.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 67–75, July, 1992.     

A spectral theory for linear differential systems

This paper is concerned with continuous and discrete linear skew-product dynamical systems including those generated by linear time-varying ordinary differential equations. The concept of spectrum is introduced for a linear skew-product dynamical system. In the case of a system of ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients the spectrum reduces to the real parts of the eigenvalues. In the general case continuous spectrum can occur and under certain conditions it consists of finitely many compact intervals of the real line, their number not exceeding the dimension of the system. A spectral decomposition theorem is proved which says that a certain naturally defined vector bundle is the sum of invariant subbundles, each one associated with a spectral subinterval. This partially generalizes the Jordan decomposition in the case of constant coefficients. A perturbation theorem is proved which says that nearby systems have spectra which are close. Almost periodic systems are given special attention.     

一类三阶非线性色散波方程 Cauchy 问题解的解析性

利用抽象的Cauchy-Kowalevski定理,证明了一类三阶非线性色散方程Cauchy问题解的解析性,即如果该Cauchy问题初值是解析的,则其解关于空间变量是全局解析的,关于时间变量是局部解析的.     

Classification of immersions of graphs into a plane

In 2005, R. Nikkuni calculated the Wu invariant for immersions of graphs into a plane considered up to a regular homotopy, i.e., for homotopies that are immersions. He showed that two immersions are regularly homotopic if and only if their Wu invariants coincide. In this paper a simple combinatorial construction for this invariant is described, a theorem similar to Ryo Nikkuni’s theorem is proved, and the fact that all values of the constructed combinatorial invariant can be implemented by immersions is also proved.     

The geometry of contact Lee forms and a contact analog of Ikuta’s theorem

Questions of the conformal geometry of quasi-Sasakian manifolds are studied. A contact analog of Ikuta’s theorem is obtained. It is proved that a regular locally conformally quasi-Sasakian structure is normal if and only if it is locally conformally cosymplectic and has closed contact form. It is shown that the Kenmotsu structures have these properties and that a structure with the above properties is a Kenmotsu structure if and only if its contact Lee form coincides with the contact form.     

A class of nonlinear equations in Hilbert space and its application to completeness problems

Nonlinear equations arising in the spectral theory of self-adjoint operator functions and related completeness problems for eigenvectors are studied. A separation theorem about the values of the Rayleigh functional on solutions of a nonlinear equation is proved. This theorem is used, as a new approach to establish completeness of eigenvectors for some classes of self-adjoint operator functions. Examples from matrix pencils are given.     

关于广义Aluthge变换的谱性质的研究

设T∈H（H），T=U｜T｜是算子T的极分解，则定义T^λ=｜T｜^λU｜T｜^1-λ和T^λ（＊）=｜T＊｜^λU｜T＊｜^1-λ，（其中0〈λ〈1）分别为算子的广义Aluthge变换和广义＊-Aluthge变换．本文中主要研究了三者之间的几种谱的关系．同时，还证明了算子T满足修正的Weyl定理当且仅当弘满足修正的Weyl定理当且仅当T^λ（＊）满足修正的Weyl定理．最后证明了算子T满足a—Weyl定理当且仅当T^λ满足a—Weyl定理．     

A new class of Ornstein transformations with singular spectrum

It is shown that for any family of probability measures in Ornstein type constructions, the corresponding transformation has almost surely a singular spectrum. This is a new generalization of Bourgain's theorem [J. Bourgain, On the spectral type of Ornstein class one transformations, Israel J. Math. 84 (1993) 53–63], same result is proved for Rudolph's construction [D. Rudolph, An example of a measure-preserving map with minimal self-joining and applications, J. Anal. Math. 35 (1979) 97–122].     

A note on discrete Borg-type theorems

We consider the discrete versions of the well-known Borg’s theorem and use simple linear algebraic techniques to obtain new versions of the discrete Borg-type theorems. To be precise, we prove that the periodic potential of a discrete Schrödinger operator is almost a constant if and only if the possible spectral gaps of the operator are of small width. This result is further extended to more general settings and the connection to the well-known Ten Martini problem is also discussed.     

On properties of interpolation groups

Partially ordered groups satisfying the interpolation condition (and not necessarily directed) are considered. It is proved that an isomorphism theorem holds for these groups (this theorem fails to hold for partially ordered groups in the general case). A criterion for almost orthogonality of positive elements of interpolation groups is found. The location of a subgroup associated with a pair of almost orthogonal elements in the lattice of subgroups of an interpolation group is described.     

How bad are Hankel matrices?

Summary. Considered are Hankel, Vandermonde, and Krylov basis matrices. It is proved that for any real positive definite Hankel matrix of order , its spectral condition number is bounded from below by . Also proved is that the spectral condition number of a Krylov basis matrix is bounded from below by . For , a Vandermonde matrix with arbitrary but pairwise distinct nodes , we show that ; if either or for all , then . Received January 24, 1993/Revised version received July 19, 1993