基于HLL-HLLC的高阶WENO格式及其应用研究

HLL-HLLC格式能够克服HLLC在强激波附近的激波不稳定现象,并且保持了HLLC的低耗散特性,是一种适合更大马赫数范围的近似黎曼求解器。本文从RANS方程出发,将HLL-HLLC近似黎曼求解器结合五阶WENO重构,实现了对无粘通量的高阶离散;同时,采用完全守恒形式的四阶中心差分格式处理粘性项,建立了RANS方程的高阶数值求解格式。通过对四个经典算例,钝头体、ONERA M6机翼、DLR F6-WB翼身组合体和DLR F6-WBNP复杂外形的数值模拟,考察了两种WENO改进格式在复杂流场中的表现,研究了高阶格式的收敛特性;给出了在复杂流动中WENO自由参数的推荐值,以增强求解的收敛性。算例结果表明,本文构造的高阶格式鲁棒性好,能够显著改善激波位置和激波强度,捕获更丰富的流场细节,满足复杂工程应用需求。     

基于特征分裂改进的WENO格式与Roe格式对比研究

双曲性守恒方程组采用高阶、高分辨率的WENO格式时有两类分裂方法,即逐点分裂和特征分裂。本文基于后者,对特征分裂重构时强间断和接触间断位置出现的振荡情况进行研究,对重构变量加以改进,发现改进后的WENO格式克服了间断处的振荡,然后以LU-SGS为子迭代的双时间步法求解Euler方程,选用一维Sod、二维前台阶和双马赫反射算例,并与Roe格式计算结果进行对比,发现WENO格式分辨率更高,耗散更小。     

基于混合型WENO格式数值模拟四类Riemann问题

本文基于三阶WENO格式和三阶WENO-Z格式,利用有限体积法研究了同一格式在不同方向使用不同的求解器,以及在不同方向采用相同精度的不同格式数值模拟4类Riemann问题,分析各向异性对数值计算结果的影响．数值结果表明,无论是使用不同的格式,还是使用不同的求解器进行数值模拟,都会导致数值结果不同程度地失去图像对称性．     

改进WENO格式及其在爆轰计算中的应用

对已有的一种改进型WENO-M格式进行了理论上的修正,得到了新的WENO权函数。与原WENO-M格式相比,新得到的WENO-M-P格式减少了约9%的CPU计算时间,同时也保证了在一阶极值点处不降低精度（经典的WENO格式在一阶极值点处精度下降）,仍然保持5阶精度。为了验证修正后的格式,采用二步反应模型数值模拟了几组一维和二维爆轰：在一维爆轰模拟中,对比了WENO-M格式和WENO-M-P格式在一定温度下的最低起爆压强以及一定压强下的最低起爆温度;在二维旋转爆轰的模拟中,对比了WENO-M格式和WENO-M-P格式的计算效果。结果表明：在同样的起爆温度下,WENO-M 格式和 WENO-M-P 格式的最低起爆压强均高于 WENO格式,但WENO-M-P格式比WENO-M格式的最低起爆压强低;三种格式在不同压强下的最低起爆温度相同;WENO-M-P格式具有和WENO-M格式一样的计算效果,优势是节省了计算时间。     

三阶WENO格式精度分析与改进

高分辨率激波捕捉格式对含激波流场的数值模拟具有重要意义。通过理论推导分析了WENO-JS3格式和WENO-Z3格式的精度,发现两种格式在光滑流场区域（包含极值点处）具有相同的理论精度且均低于三阶设计精度,WENO-Z3格式由于增大了非光滑模板的非线性权重使其计算精度有所提高。在理论推导的基础上,提出了WENO-Z+3格式及其改进格式（WENO-Z+3P1和WENO-Z+3P32）,且改进格式在光滑流场区域能满足所设计的三阶精度要求。选用一维平面黎曼问题及双马赫反射等经典算例,验证了本文提出的WENO-Z+3格式及其改进格式相较其他格式具有耗散低和对流场结构分辨率高的特性。     

一类高效率高分辨率加映射的WENO格式及其在复杂流动问题数值模拟中的应用

由于映射操作会带来额外的计算时间消耗,传统加映射的WENO格式存在计算效率低的缺陷.为了提高传统加映射WENO格式的计算效率,通过利用标准符号函数的一种近似逼近函数构造出一族近似常值映射函数,本文提出了一种新的加映射WENO格式,称为WENO-ACM.新映射函数满足文献中已有WENOPM6格式映射函数的全部设计要求,其中WENO-PM6是一种为了克服经典WENO-M格式潜在的精度丢失缺陷而提出的格式.新格式保留了WENO-PM6在低耗散和高分辨率方面的优势,同时,显著的减少了每个时间步映射过程中的数学运算操作数,进而在计算效率方面获得了明显的提升.理论分析表明,新格式在即使包含临界点的光滑区域也能够获得最佳收敛精度.对近似色散关系的研究表明,新格式的频谱特性也得到了显著的提升.对大量标准测试算例进行了模拟计算,包括精度测试、激波管问题、激波-熵波相互作用、爆炸波相互碰撞、二维黎曼问题、双马赫反射、前台阶流动、瑞利-泰勒不稳定性和开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性问题等.与广泛认可的WENO-JS, WENO-M, WENO-PM6格式综合比较发现,新提出的WENO-ACM格式在高效率、低数值耗散...     

基于HWCNS格式的紧致插值方法研究

在保证良好间断捕捉能力的前提下,能够达到更高的分辨率,一直是有限差分方法努力的方向。基于HWCNS格式构造思想,发展了一种高精度非线性紧致插值方法,构造了紧致七阶HWCNS格式,分析了其频谱特性,利用多个典型算例对所构造的格式性能进行了考察。结果表明,在模拟包含间断和多尺度流动结构的长时间演化问题中,本文发展的方法在计算结果精度和综合计算效率方面优于显式五阶HWCNS和七阶WENO格式,与频谱分析结论一致。     

一种改进的中心-WENO混合格式

基于中心差分与WENO格式混合可以改善WENO格式耗散特性的思想,在理论推导的基础上,给出了一种用于激波捕捉计算的守恒型中心-WENO混合格式,该混合格式可视为三阶WENO格式和二阶中心差分格式的加权平均。在数值研究现有加权函数的基础上,给出了适用于该混合格式的加权函数,使其能够自适应地调整数值耗散以捕捉激波间断。数值结果表明:与三阶WENO格式相比,混合格式HY3_4能够降低数值耗散,更陡峭地捕捉间断,对复杂流场结构具有较高的分辨率;混合格式HY3_5对于包含高压比激波间断流场结构,能给出无振荡、低耗散的结果。     

满足几何守恒律的WENO格式及其应用

对几何守恒律的来源进行了分析,发展了一种满足几何守恒律的WENO格式,并应用于翼型层流分离现象的数值模拟中。为消除网格质量影响,采用守恒型方法计算网格导数,并将标准的WENO格式分解为中心差分部分和数值耗散部分。算例计算结果表明,几何守恒律对高精度有限差分WENO格式计算结果具有重要影响,本文方法能够消除网格导数计算误差,保证来流保持性。将本文方法应用于SD7003翼型层流分离现象的数值模拟中,计算结果与文献中计算及试验数据吻合较好,同时能够精细捕捉小尺度流场结构,准确模拟翼型层流分离现象中的复杂流动过程。     

二维溃坝绕流的WENO格式数值模拟

WENO(Weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme)格式是一类新的高精度无振荡差分格式.本文将WENO格式和Runge-Kutta时间离散的思想应用于二维浅水方程组的求解,数值模拟矩形河道中大坝瞬间局部溃倒,下游有障碍物的洪水演进过程,并对模拟结果进行了分析,表明采用WENO格式所建立的高分辨率模型能够有效地模拟溃坝波的演进过程.     

Comments on Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD

The explicit compact difference scheme,proposed in Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD by Lin et al.,published in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (English Edition),2007,28(7),943-953,has the same performance as the conventional finite difference schemes.It is just another expression of the conventional finite difference schemes. The proposed expression does not have the advantages of a compact difference scheme. Nonetheless,we can more easily obtain and implement compared with the conventional expression in which the coefficients can only be obtained by solving equations,especially for higher accurate schemes.     

Well‐balanced discontinuous Galerkin method and finite volume WENO scheme based on hydrostatic reconstruction for blood flow model in arteries

The blood flow model in arteries admits the steady state solutions, for which the flux gradient is nonzero, and is exactly balanced by the source term. In this paper, by means of hydrostatic reconstruction, we construct a high order discontinuous Galerkin method, which exactly preserves the dead‐man steady state, which is characterized by a discharge equal to zero (analogue to hydrostatic equilibrium). Moreover, the method maintains genuine high order of accuracy. Subsequently, we apply the key idea to finite volume weighted essentially non‐oscillatory schemes and obtain a well‐balanced finite volume weighted essentially non‐oscillatory scheme. Extensive numerical experiments are performed to verify the well‐balanced property, high order accuracy, as well as good resolution for smooth and discontinuous solutions.     

Comments on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD</Emphasis>

The explicit compact difference scheme, proposed in Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD by Lin et al., published in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics （English Edition）, 2007, 28（7）, 943-953, has the same performance as the conventional finite difference schemes. It is just another expression of the conventional finite difference schemes. The proposed expression does not have the advantages of a compact difference scheme. Nonetheless, we can more easily obtain and implement compared with the conventional expression in which the coefficients can only be obtained by solving equations, especially for higher accurate schemes.     

Fhree-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD

Based on the successive iteration in the Taylor series expansion method, a three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy is derived in this paper. Numerical characteristics of the scheme are studied by the Fourier analysisl Unlike the conventional compact difference schemes which need to solve the equation to obtain the unknown derivatives in each node, the proposed scheme is explicit and can achieve arbitrary order of accuracy in space. Application examples for the convectiondiffusion problem with a sharp front gradient and the typical lid-driven cavity flow are given. It is found that the proposed compact scheme is not only simple to implement and economical to use, but also is effective to simulate the convection-dominated problem and obtain high-order accurate solution in coarse grid systems.     

Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD

Based on the successive iteration in the Taylor series expansion method,a three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy is derived in this paper.Numerical characteristics of the scheme are studied by the Fourier analysis. Unlike the conventional compact difference schemes which need to solve the equation to obtain the unknown derivatives in each node,the proposed scheme is explicit and can achieve arbitrary order of accuracy in space.Application examples for the convection- diffusion problem with a sharp front gradient and the typical lid-driven cavity flow are given.It is found that the proposed compact scheme is not only simple to implement and economical to use,but also is effective to simulate the convection-dominated problem and obtain high-order accurate solution in coarse grid systems.     

基于非结构网格的TTGC有限元格式的实现及在超声速流动中的应用

基于非结构网格系统,实现了时空三阶精度的TTGC有限元格式,并在三阶TTGC格式上发展了基于人工粘性的激波捕捉技术。在非结构网格下,采用这种方法对若干典型的超声速流动问题(SOD激波管、马赫数为3的前台阶流动以及马赫数为8的高超声速圆柱流动)进行了验证计算。结果表明,TTGC格式分辨率高,在粗糙网格下能够准确的模拟超声速流场中的激波、接触间断等复杂流动现象,并且能有效的控制间断附近的数值色散现象。与传统的有限体积方法相比,本文实现的TTGC有限元格式在模拟超声速流动问题方面具有格式精度高、数值耗散小等优点。     

High‐order ADER‐WENO ALE schemes on unstructured triangular meshes—application of several node solvers to hydrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics

In this paper, we present a class of high‐order accurate cell‐centered arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) one‐step ADER weighted essentially non‐oscillatory (WENO) finite volume schemes for the solution of nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws on two‐dimensional unstructured triangular meshes. High order of accuracy in space is achieved by a WENO reconstruction algorithm, while a local space–time Galerkin predictor allows the schemes to be high order accurate also in time by using an element‐local weak formulation of the governing PDE on moving meshes. The mesh motion can be computed by choosing among three different node solvers, which are for the first time compared with each other in this article: the node velocity may be obtained either (i) as an arithmetic average among the states surrounding the node, as suggested by Cheng and Shu, or (ii) as a solution of multiple one‐dimensional half‐Riemann problems around a vertex, as suggested by Maire, or (iii) by solving approximately a multidimensional Riemann problem around each vertex of the mesh using the genuinely multidimensional Harten–Lax–van Leer Riemann solver recently proposed by Balsara et al. Once the vertex velocity and thus the new node location have been determined by the node solver, the local mesh motion is then constructed by straight edges connecting the vertex positions at the old time level tⁿ with the new ones at the next time level t^{n + 1}. If necessary, a rezoning step can be introduced here to overcome mesh tangling or highly deformed elements. The final ALE finite volume scheme is based directly on a space–time conservation formulation of the governing PDE system, which therefore makes an additional remapping stage unnecessary, as the ALE fluxes already properly take into account the rezoned geometry. In this sense, our scheme falls into the category of direct ALE methods. Furthermore, the geometric conservation law is satisfied by the scheme by construction. We apply the high‐order algorithm presented in this paper to the Euler equations of compressible gas dynamics as well as to the ideal classical and relativistic magnetohydrodynamic equations. We show numerical convergence results up to fifth order of accuracy in space and time together with some classical numerical test problems for each hyperbolic system under consideration. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.