炮管在新应力函数作用下的解析计算

为解决长期以来利用均布压力近似代替电磁发射炮管厚壁所受变力所造成的误差的难题,在三维空间提供了电磁发射炮管受双曲余弦函数载荷压力的数学模型,构造一个既满足边界条件,又满足双调和方程的特殊应力函数,推导出电磁发射炮管在柱面上受双曲余弦分布压力、端面上受常力时的解析解并导出电磁发射炮管所受压力沿轴向不变时的极限即为Lamè公式,又求出其解析解并解出电磁发射炮管所受压力沿轴向不变时的极限,通过记录电磁炮发射时炮管的应变值,比较其理论与实验结果,可以得出这两者有较高的吻合度。这为今后求解各类电磁发射炮管受任意分布压力作用的变形计算问题以及将其实践化以便延长炮管使用寿命。促进电磁炮的实用化进程提供理论依据,同时也为液压缸等轴对称圆筒件的应力分析奠定了理论基础。     

边坡下伏地下圆形洞室的弹性应力解析

根据洞室与边坡的相对位置,将其分为深埋地下洞室与浅埋地下洞室,并分别建立了计算模型。将浅埋圆形洞室视为分布荷载作用下半无限体表面附近的孔洞的应力分析问题,采取复变函数的保角映射得到了浅埋洞室的应力解析解。将深埋洞室视为一个双向受压无限板孔应力集中问题,得到了边坡下伏深埋圆形洞室的应力解析解。以某填筑边坡下地下圆形洞室为例,计算得到了浅埋圆形洞室周边的径向应力与环向应力分布,计算结果表明洞室圆心水平线上的环向压应力随着与洞周距离的增加逐渐减小,但径向压应力却是首先增加,然后才逐步减小。洞顶圆周出现环向拉应力,随着越来越接近地表,环向应力逐步转变为压应力并且越来越大,而径向应力逐渐变大。洞周环向拉应力在洞顶与洞底数值最大,洞室左右两端洞周环向压应力数值最大;洞周径向应力在洞顶、洞底数值较小,左右两端洞周应力最大。     

巴西劈裂试验应力场解析解应力函数解法

巴西圆盘试验是国际岩石力学学会推荐的用于测量岩石抗拉强度的间接实验,其理论基础是圆盘在荷载作用下应力场的分布。本文以平面应力状态为基础,根据弹性理论中的Airy应力函数和线弹性叠加原理,采用与Н. И. Мусхелишьили所用的复变函数方法完全不同的方法,给出了巴西圆盘内部任意一点应力的直角坐标形式的解析表达式。将得到的应力场解析解和Н.И. Мусхелишьили 采用复变函数方法给出的经典解对比发现,两者完全吻合一致,从而表明本文所采用的方法是合理正确的。     

具有梯度界面层的双材料悬臂梁解析解

采用应力函数法,求得了具有弹性模量沿高度线性变化的梯度界面层的双材料悬臂梁在均布载荷作用下的应力和位移解析解。该解可退化为双材料梁、弹性模量沿整个梁高线性变化的梯度梁以及均质材料梁的情况,退化为均质材料梁时与已有结果一致。通过一具体算例将得到的解析解与有限元解进行了比较,两者吻合较好。并讨论了梯度界面层的高度变化对梁中的应力和梁端挠度的影响。结果表明,在梁的总高度不变的情况下,增加梯度界面层的高度可减小弯曲应力和梁端挠度,而对挤压应力和切应力的影响很小。     

双材料叠合简支梁受均布载荷作用时的解析解

采用弹性力学的应力函数法,分析了上表面受均布载荷作用的上下层弹性模量和高度不同的双层叠合简支梁,对简支端提出了两种等效边界条件,得到了相应的两种解析解。运用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对不同组合的钢-铝双层叠合简支梁进行了数值计算,并与解析解进行了比较。结果表明:两种等效边界条件仅对弯曲正应力和位移有影响,对挤压应力和切应力没有影响;两种解析解的相对误差在1.2%以内;当跨高比超过6时,最大应力的解析解与有限元解的误差在4.4%以内;上下层对调后,两层中的应力基本不变;当上下层之间有摩擦时,弯曲正应力的外侧值大于内侧值,上、下层的中性层都由相应的几何中面向接触面偏移。     

阶梯式变厚度旋转轮盘的应力解析解

本文应用广义函数导出阶梯式变厚度旋转轮盘的位移微分方程,用Ｗ运算符来表述和求解轮盘的位移和应力,并将此法应用于计算汽轮机轮盘的应力     

各向异性平面问题的复应力函数基本解

应用复变函数Ｃａｕｃｈｙ积分的方法，对于各向异性半平面边界为自由或固定两种情形，分别导出了其在任意集中力或集中力偶作用下的复应力函数基本解，其特例与前人结果一致。     

均布荷载作用下悬臂磁电弹性梁的解析解

对磁电弹性平面问题进行了研究，给出了用拟调和位移函数表达的通解，进而以试凑法按平面应力问题推导出了均布荷载作用下悬臂磁电弹性粱的解析解，所得解有易于理解、便于校对、形式统一简洁的特点。本文还将计算结果与压电材料和弹性材料相应结果进行了分析、比较，为验证各种数值计算方法提供了参考依据。     

椭圆截面空心墩日照作用截面应力解析解

运用热弹性理论对椭圆截面空心墩在日照温度效应影响下的结构应力进行了分析,通过理论计算和推导,得到了椭圆截面空心墩柱在非均匀温度作用下的解析解。同时利用有限元仿真模拟方法,将解析解与仿真结果进行了对比,验证了公式的准确性。最后将椭圆简化为圆形并将公式与相关文献进行比较,验证了公式的正确性。在一定程度上对椭圆形截面空心墩柱的受力分析在理论上进行了完善。     

有限尺寸多钉连接件钉传载荷计算的解析方法

提供一种确定多钉连接件中钉传载荷的解析方法，这个方法将被连接件看作弹性体，以经典结构力学以及弹性理论平面问题复变函数解法为基础，建立了求解钉传载荷的线性代数方程组并给出了若干算例。这个方法不仅具有合理的力学模型，而且具有计算的简捷性与适用的广泛性。     

Analytical solutions of thermal stress distribution in plastic encapsulated integrated circuit packages

IntroductionElectronicpackagesarecomplexcompositestructure.Theyhavemyriadcornersandinterfacesthatcanactaspotentialfailuresitesduringfieldoperation .Atpresenttime ,plasticencapsulatedintegratedcircuits (ICs)arewidelyusedinengineering .AplasticencapsulatedICpackageconsistsofasilicondie,dieattachment,passivation ,wireinterconnects,aleadframe ,andplasticmoldingcompound .Thermalexcursionduringpackagequalificationfromthermalcycling thermalshock ,orpowercyclingduringnormaloperationcansetupthermomec…     

基于辛弹性力学解析本征函数的有限元应力磨平方法

在实际工程结构的结构强度与优化等力学数值分析中,应力计算结果的精度是非常重要的。有限元法是得到最广泛应用的一类数值方法,并形成了众多通用的有限元程序系统。这些程序系统采用的几乎都是基于最小总势能的位移法,虽然其分析给出的有限元位移场具有较高的精度,但所得到的有限元应力场的精度较位移场大大降低。基于极坐标辛对偶体系所提供的平面弹性力学的解析辛本征展开解,并借用有限元程序系统所得到的节点位移,本文提出了一个应力分析的改进方法。数值结果表明,本方法给出的应力分析精度得到大幅提高,并具有良好的数值稳定性,可用于有限元程序系统的后处理,以提高应力尤其是关键区域应力的分析精度。     

THE CALCULATION OF THE MULTIPLY－CONNECTED ELASTIC PLANE PROBLEMS BY MEANS OF STRESS FUNCTIONS OF MULTIPLE COMPLEX VARIABLES

ＴＨＥＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＭＵＬＴＩＰＬＹ－ＣＯＮＮＥＣＴＥＤＥＬＡＳＴＩＣＰＬＡＮＥＰＲＯＢＬＥＭＳＢＹＭＥＡＮＳＯＦＳＴＲＥＳＳＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＭＵＬＴＩＰＬＥＣＯＭＰＬＥＸＶＡＲＩＡＢＬＥＳｗａｎｇＬｉｎｄｉａｎｇ（王林江）Ｌ...     

Time dependent flow in equimolar micellar solutions: transient behaviour of the shear stress and first normal stress difference in shear induced structures coupled with flow instabilities

Recently we studied time dependent structural changes that are coupled with flow instabilities (Fischer 1998; Wheeler 1998; Fischer 2000). Within a stability analysis, a classification scheme for the feedback circuit of coupled shear-induced structure and flow instabilities was derived by Schmitt et al. (1995) and applied to our samples. Here, inhomogeneous flow layers of different concentration and viscosity are generated by shear-induced diffusion (spinodal demixing) and, as consequence, one no longer observes a homogeneous solution but a type of shear banding that is seen here for the first time. In this paper we present the behaviour of the first normal stress difference observed in the critical shear-rate regime where transient shear-induced structure is coupled with flow instability. Similar to the oscillations of the shear stresses (strain-controlled rheometer) one observes oscillations in the first normal stress difference. This behaviour indicates that elastic structures are built up and destroyed while the shear-induced structures occur and that the induced phase is more elastic than the initial one. Oscillations of shear stress and first normal stress difference are in phase and indicate that both phenomena are caused by the same mechanism. Received: 30 June 1999/Accepted: 14 December 1999     

A prediction of the pressure field in a plane turbulent jet using an algebraic stress model

A numerical prediction is obtained for the mean pressure field in the similarity region of a plane turbulent jet. An algebraic stress model, which introduces non-isotropic relations for the Reynolds stress components, is used to close the mean momentum equation. The full two-dimensional form of the transport equations is retained and the resultant equation set solved elliptically. The numerical prediction simulates many of the characteristics of the pressure field measured by experimental studies. However, the overall level of the predicted field is lower than the experimental values. The level obtained for the mean pressure field depends strongly on the prediction for the transverse normal Reynolds stress component 〈u₂u₂〉. The pressure field is shown to represent a small negative contribution to the net strearnwise momentum balance.     

常幅载荷下结构元件断裂可靠度估算的应力强度因子模型

给出了一个估算结构元件疲劳可靠度的应力强度因子模型,系统阐述了元件在常幅载荷下疲劳可靠性的分析方法。该模型研究了常幅载荷作用下材料瞬时裂纹长度和应力强度因子的分布形式,建立了应力强度因子与断裂韧性之间的干涉关系。对7075-T7351铝合金中心裂纹试件试验数据分析的结果表明：裂纹的瞬时扩展长度和可靠度的预测结果均与试验结果符合很好,本文给出的基于应力强度因子的可靠性分析模型是合理的。     

应力约束全局化策略下的连续体结构拓扑优化

利用Mises强度理论,提出了应力约束全局化策略,将局 部的应力约束问题转化为结构整体的应变能约束问题. 基于ICM(独立、连续、映射)方法, 引入了独立、连续的拓扑变量,对单元重量、单元刚度和单元许用应力的过滤函数进行了选 择,建立了以重量为目标,以结构应变能代替应力约束的多工况下连续体结构拓扑优化模型, 寻找到了多工况下的最佳传力路径. 运用对偶二次规划方法对上述优化模型进行了求解. 另 外,利用PCL语言,在MSC/PATRAN的开发平台上,实现了应用应力约束全局化策略进行连 续体结构拓扑优化的模块化处理. 数值算例表明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

Flexural vibrations of a thin circular elastic inclusion in an unbounded body under the action of a plane harmonic wave

The interaction of a plane harmonic longitudinal wave with a thin circular elastic inclusion is considered. The wave front is assumed to be parallel to the inclusion plane. Since the inclusion is thin, the matrix-inclusion interface conditions (perfect bonding) are formulated on the mid-plane of the inclusion. The bending displacements of the inclusion are determined from the bending equation for a thin plate. The problem is solved using discontinuous Lamé solutions for harmonic vibrations. Therefore, the problem can be reduced to the Fredholm equation of the second kind for a function associated with the discontinuity of normal stresses on the inclusion. The equation obtained is solved by the method of mechanical quadratures using Gaussian quadrature formulas. Approximate formulas for the stress intensity factors are derived. Results from a numerical analysis of the dependence of the SIFs on the dimensionless wave number and the stiffness of the inclusion are presented __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 16–21, May 2008.