A new, fully versatile surface coil for MRI

To enable surface coils to be adapted to a wide variety of examinations and anatomical features, the authors present a flexible detector coupled with an auto tuning device. The conductive loop, which is a flexible mercury filled tube, can be used to obtain various shapes, such as a single flat 22-cm diameter loop or an 11-cm diameter two-turn coil. Tuning is carried out at 21 MHz (0.5 T field) by a microprocessor controlled varactor. Studies conducted on a phantom are used to evaluate the signal/noise ratio and the spatial sensitivity of the coil according to different geometrical arrangements (saddle-shaped and two-turn). The results are compared with those obtained with the constructor's spine coil. The studies of patients described show good image resolution, even in the case of short sequences with thin slices and restricted fields of view. The clinical results and those obtained on the phantom demonstrate the feasibility and value of the device, particularly in examining anatomical regions of different forms.     

静电场描绘仪的改进

利用稳恒电流场在导体中的分布可以模拟静电场的分布．传统的静电场描绘仪存在着一系列缺陷,针对传统静电场描绘仪的不足作了部分的改进．通过实验比较,改进后的描绘仪能很好地模拟静电场．     

某型号导弹下视景像模拟器的研制

介绍了一种能够提供模拟地面景像,用于检测某型号导弹下视景像匹配制导系统性能的景像模拟器.模拟器由光学耦合系统、景像胶片屏、光源系统、对准装卡机构和小车五部分组成.该模拟器成像清晰、畸变小,能较好地模拟实际景像的照度分布,且体积小、重量轻,是一种理想的景像模拟设备.所研制的景像模拟器能够完全满足下视景像匹配系统匹配性能的检测要求,可用于正在研制的某新型导弹的阵地检测.     

EBIT as a versatile experimental facility

The Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) produces ions, confined within the electron beam, with charges ranging up to U⁹²⁺ at near rest energies. This allows to study the interaction of a monoenergetic electron beam with any trapped ion to a high degree of precision via X-ray spectroscopy. The development of the EBIT into an ion (trap) source enables the possibility to perform for the first time studies of the interaction dynamics in strong fields of ions with matter where the ions carry hundreds of keV potential energy at very low kinetic energies (eV).     

The Microwave plasma process – a versatile process to synthesise nanoparticulate materials

The microwave plasma process inherently produces nanoparticulate powders with very narrow particle size distribution. During synthesis, the particles carry electric charges of equal sign. Therefore, by electrostatic repulsion, particle growth is reduced and agglomeration thwarted. This is shown by gas kinetic considerations and experimental results. Furthermore, this process allows coating of the particles with organic or inorganic phases, reducing interaction of different particles. This makes it possible to technically exploit properties, characteristic for isolated particles. Additionally, the coating process allows the combination of different properties such as superparamagnetism and luminescence, as it is demonstrated in different examples.     

大面积准直型太阳模拟器的设计与研制

设计并研制了一种大面积准直型太阳模拟器,其有效辐照面直径达到1 100 mm,平均辐照度达到1.3个太阳常数（AM0）,光束准直角为±1.59°。首先给出了太阳模拟器的光学系统,分别从光源选择和布局,椭球镜设计和准直镜设计进行了阐述;介绍了太阳模拟器的光机结构;进行了系统的仿真和实现。实验表明,太阳模拟器的平均辐照度达到1 760 W/m²,辐照不均匀度达到±4.6%,辐照体不均匀度达到±5.96%,辐照不稳定度达到±1.36%,光谱匹配在300~1 400 nm波长范围内满足ASTM E927-10中AM0 B级要求,为航天有效载荷的热真空试验和热平衡试验提供了一个准确可靠的平台。     

AAA级太阳模拟器的设计与研制

完成了一种光谱匹配、辐照不均匀度和辐照不稳定度均能达到A级标准的AAA级太阳模拟器的设计与研制。介绍了太阳模拟器的光源选择和滤光片的设计,给出了太阳模拟器的光机结构,测量了太阳模拟器的各项技术指标。结果表明,太阳模拟器的光谱匹配在波长400～1 100 nm处满足ASTM E927-10中AM1.5G A级要求。在有效辐照面55 mm×55 mm内,其平均辐照度达到1 000 W/m2,辐照不均匀度达到1.35%,辐照不稳定度达到1.27%。测量数据显示设计的太阳模拟器满足ASTM E927-10的AAA级标准。     

可见光光学目标模拟器的研制

介绍一种能够建立逼真的可见光目标———背景环境的可见光光学目标模拟器。整个装置由计算机图像生成系统、胶片图像源系统、光学耦合系统、主控计算机、控制系统及二轴转台等部分组成。该装置实现了图像源系统与导引头光学系统的完善耦合 ,成像质量高 ,且结构紧凑 ,重量轻 ,是一种理想的可见光目标———背景图像仿真设备     

Multispectral and polarimetric imaging in the LWIR: Intersubband detectors as a versatile solution

GaAs-based intersubband infrared detectors, such as Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors and Quantum Cascade Detectors have proven their ability to address not only conventional thermal imaging applications, but also advanced functionalities such as multispectral and polarimetric imaging. This paper illustrates this potential through the results achieved at III–V Lab in the frame of several ambitious projects, ranging from military applications to Earth observation and exo-planet detection. The advantages of these technologies at the system level are evidenced.     

实用型三谱段太阳模拟器的设计与研制

本文设计并研制了一种实用型三谱段太阳模拟器,其光谱匹配可同时调整3个谱段(300~700 nm,700~900 nm,900~1 700 nm)范围的能量,修正后可满足三结砷化镓太阳电池的测试使用要求。本文重点阐述了三谱段太阳模拟器滤光片的设计和氙灯光谱的修正及测试,介绍了太阳模拟器的光机结构。实验表明:三谱段太阳模拟器的光谱匹配满足三结砷化镓太阳电池各子电池的响应电流值。在有效辐照面150 mm×150 mm上,平均辐照度可以达到2个太阳常数(2 730 W/m²),辐照不均匀度达到±1.77%,辐照不稳定度达到±0.83%,为太阳电池自动分拣系统提供了可靠稳定的平台。     

Particle imaging velocimetry measurements in a heart simulator

In vitro experiments are often unable to reproduce all the complexities of biological flows observed in vivo. The in vitro models are often rigid, use Newtonian fluids, and/or some ideal geometry tested under ideal physiological parameters. The study presented in this article describes the in vitro assessment of mitral prosthetic heart valves in a setup able to simulate the pulsatile blood flow in a model of the left heart with moving walls. The specific laboratory mockup built for these experiments consists in a Dual Activation Simulator (DAS) that provides a realistic simulation of the atrial and ventricular flow in anatomically shaped silicone models cavities. This mockup, initially designed for ultrasonic velocity measurements took recently advantage of the use of particle image velocimetry. We present here some aspects of flow visualization and phase averaged two-dimensional PIV measurements which can provide new insight in the interaction between the flow dynamics and the heart valves.     

The ZFITTER project

The ZFITTER project is aimed at the computation of high-precision theoretical predictions for various observables in high-energy electron-positron annihilation and other processes. The stages of the project development are described. Accent is made on applications to the analysis of LEP data. The present status of the project and perspectives are given as well.