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采用新的数学模型研究二元颗粒混合物的取样误差,首次提出了取样的逻辑质量单元的理论,探讨了逻辑质量单元的物理意义,建立了按质量取样的标准偏差的计算公式.应用颗粒药品二元混合物的取样实验,证实了该公式的正确性. 相似文献
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基于多项分布理论,建立了组合取样方差与取样总体中各子区的大小及其组分含量之间的关系和计算公式,探讨了组合取样常数的物理意义.以颗粒物质为例,探讨了组合取样的逻辑质量单元的概念及其意义,为确定组合取样中的份样质量提供了理论依据.本文对于完善组合取样误差理论,保证组合取样的质量均具有重要意义. 相似文献
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对全国农残水平测试中毒死蜱、氯氰菊酯数据进行统计分析,在数据统计分布特征研究基础上,使用内核密度估计进行数据多态性分析,使用bootstrap模拟取样法对数据样本值重复取样,以获得稳健的水平测试样品待测物含量代表值估计、标准误差及置信区间描述,证明以bootstrap模拟取样法获取的均值与标准偏差作为有限单次样本代表值是合理、有效的,解决了四分位稳健统计方法对非正态多态分布代表值估计不稳定问题及取样理论中取样样本数限制的瓶颈,为能力验证计划指定值的获取提供了一种新方法。 相似文献
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应用MonteCarlo模拟法研究了分层性物质的组合取样精度,探讨了组合样中组分含量的分布规律、组合取样方差的分布规律、组合取样方差估计值的精度与组合样本数目之间的关系等.考察了组分含量服从正态分布、均匀随机分布及多项分布的分层性总体.结果表明,当样本数目较多时,组合取样误差规律对于不同原始分布的总体是相似的. 相似文献
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为充分发挥静止轨道高分辨率光学成像卫星在持续观测应用方面的作用,在分析静止轨道卫星轨道特点、成像特点、成像优势的基础上,充分利用静止轨道高分辨率光学成像卫星任务响应速度快、重复探测频率高、姿态机动灵活等特点,提出了一种适合持续观测的星地一体应用模式,该模式综合考虑平时和应急两种态势,规划了5种具体的观测模式,可以为提高静止轨道高分辨率光学遥感卫星的规划和应用提供依据。 相似文献
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对近两年国内各个领域的学者在气相色谱方面的研究和应用作了综述,本综述分3部分叙述,本篇为第 部分,包括:8.气相色谱在食品功效成分和其他成分分析中的应用,9.气相色谱酒分析中的应用,1 0 .气相色谱在污染物分析中的应用,1 1 .气相色谱在石油、石油化工分析中的应用,1 2 .气相色谱在化学品生产分析中的应用 相似文献
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催化荧光分析法研究进展及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
评述催化荧光分析法的发展及其应用。催化荧光分析法的主要研究进展包括:新体系的发现与新试剂的合成,增效试剂的应用,流动注射技术与催化荧光分析法的结合,活化剂与抑制剂的应用。介绍了催化荧光分析法在测定无机物、有机物和酶等方面的实际应用。 相似文献
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van den Akker JT Iani V Star WM Sterenborg HJ Moan J 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2002,75(2):172-177
Topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) for protoporphyrin IX (PpIX)-based photodynamic therapy of skin cancer is generally considered not to induce systemic side effects because PpIX is supposed to be formed locally. However, earlier studies with topically applied ALA have revealed that in mice PpIX is not only produced in the application area but also in other organs including skin outside the application area, whereas esterified ALA does not. From these results, it was concluded that it is not redistribution of circulating PpIX that causes the fluorescence distant from the ALA application site, but rather, local PpIX production induced by circulating ALA. In the present study we investigate the effects of the ALA concentration in the cream, the application time, the presence of a penetration enhancer, the presence of the stratum corneum and esterification of ALA on the PpIX production in nude mouse skin outside the area where ALA is applied. For this purpose, ALA and ALA hexyl ester (ALAHE) were applied to one flank, and the PpIX fluorescence was measured in the contralateral flank. During a 24 h application of ALA, PpIX was produced in the contralateral flank. No PpIX could be detected in the contralateral flank after ALA application times ranging from 1 to 60 min. Tape-stripping the skin prior to short-term ALA application, but not the addition of a penetration enhancer, resulted in PpIX production in the contralateral flank. When ALAHE was applied, no PpIX fluorescence was measured in the contralateral flank under any application condition. The results suggest that the systemic component of PpIX production outside the ALA application area plays a minor or no role in relevant clinical situations, when the duration of ALA (ester) application is relatively short and a penetration enhancer is possibly added. 相似文献
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磁性纳米颗粒在生物医学领域中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
磁性纳米颗粒作为一种新型纳米材料,在许多领域,特别是在生物医药、生物工程等方面具有广阔的应用前景.本文着重论述了近年来磁性纳米颗粒在生物分离、靶向给药、热疗以及磁共振成像对比剂等方面的应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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Widely used polymethylmethacrylate substrates for in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) testing of sunscreens do not mimic the rough surface structure of skin, and in addition, sample loading is less than that used in in vivo SPF testing (2.00 mg cm(-2)). We have developed a skin-mimicking substrate (SMS), which has furrows and ridges on its surface, like human skin. A comparison of the photodegradation profiles of sunscreens on commercially available substrates (including SMS) at the recommended application amounts, and on SMS at various application amounts showed that the photodegradation rate of photounstable sunscreen was dependent on the application amount being higher at lower application amounts. SMS at the recommended application amount of 2.00 mg cm(-2) provided in vitro SPF values that were comparable with in vivo SPF values. Our results confirm that, in order to develop a reliable in vitro SPF method, which is consistent with in vivo SPF determination, it is important to use the same application amount of sample as in the in vivo method, in order to take proper account of sunscreen photostability. 相似文献