激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定多晶硅中杂质元素

采用激光剥蚀固体进样技术结合电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了多晶硅中的元素B、Cu和Zn。考察了该三种杂质元素在多晶硅样品不同深度层面和同一深度层面的分布情况;尝试了采用硅基体信号归一化的方法计算了测定元素的含量。结果表明,杂质元素B、Cu和Zn在多晶硅材料中分布均匀,且测定结果与辉光放电质谱法的测定结果相吻合。这一方法可用于判别多晶硅表面的污染情况,以及杂质元素在多晶硅材料内部分布的均匀性。     

钢铁中硫的测定方法研究进展

综述了从1979-2009年间测定钢铁中硫元素分析方法的研究进展。钢铁材料中硫元素的主要分析方法包括红外吸收光谱法、原子发射光谱法、离子色谱法、质谱法、电化学方法、分光光度法、滴定分析法、重量法和原子荧光光谱法;并对钢铁中硫元素的分析方法进行了展望(引用文献54篇)。     

中子活化分析法测定金属镓中痕量杂质元素

中子活化分析法具有灵敏度高、准确度好、精密度高的特点,而且可以避免试剂和环境污染,同一份试样可同时进行多元素分析。因此一直是高纯材料中测定痕量杂质元素最有效的分析方法之一。在国家标准高纯镓分析方法的起草工作中,为了校验其他分析方法,用中子活化分析法测定了金属镓中铁、锌、铟、汞、锡、钙6种杂质元素的含量。     

高纯硅中痕量元素分析方法研究进展

综述了从1980-2012年间测定高纯硅中痕量元素分析方法的研究进展。高纯硅中痕量元素的主要分析方法包括红外光谱法、原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、X射线荧光光谱法、极谱法、离子探针与离子色谱法、二次离子质谱法、辉光放电质谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法等;并对高纯硅中痕量元素的分析方法进行了展望(引用文献59篇)。     

GD-MS法和ICP-MS法测定高纯铌中痕量元素

采用辉光放电质谱法(GD-MS)对高纯铌中Ta,Mo,W等痕量杂质元素进行了测试,并对GD-MS工作参数进行了优化,部分元素与采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)定量分析的结果进行比较,对某些元素含量差别较大的原因进行了分析,论述了Element GD辉光放电质谱仪的特点及其在痕量杂质分析上的优势。     

电感耦合等离子体光谱–质谱法联合测定铀化合物粉末中20种杂质元素

建立电感耦合等离子体光谱–质谱法联合测定铀化合物粉末中铝、钙、铬等20种杂质元素的方法。用硝酸溶解铀化合物粉末,采用CL-TBP萃淋树脂为吸附树脂,以硝酸溶液分离铝、钙、铬等19种杂质元素后,再以盐酸溶液继续分离钍元素,从而达到一次溶样连续分离的效果,采用等离子体光谱法与质谱法联合测定20种杂质元素,其中光谱法测定铝、钙、铁、镁、钛、钒、钼,质谱法测定铬、钴、镍、铜、锌、铬、钐、铕、钆、镝、铅、铋、钍元素。各杂质元素校正曲线线性相关系数均不小于0.999 0。用该法测定八氧化三铀标准物质中的杂质含量,测定结果均在标准值的不确定度范围内,测定值的相对标准偏差为2.50%～5.85%(n=6)。该方法样品用量小(仅需0.2 g),可在一天内完成20种元素的同时测定,满足日常生产检测需要。     

辉光放电质谱法测定高纯材料中痕量硫杂质

准确测定并控制材料中杂质元素含量是发挥高纯材料性能不可或缺的环节。辉光放电质谱法(GDMS)是准确、快速、高灵敏分析高纯材料中痕量及超痕量硫的理想方法。对GDMS分析高纯铜和镍基高温合金中痕量硫的质谱干扰进行了讨论,优化了放电电流和放电电压,采用多种标准物质对硫的相对灵敏度因子(RSF)进行了校准和验证,并与二次离子质谱法(SIMS)进行分析结果比对,验证了GDMS定量分析结果的准确性和可靠性。     

钛基材料中元素分析方法研究进展

综述了钛基材料中组分元素测定方法的近年研究进展情况,涉及分析方法有原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、分光光度法、滴定法、X射线荧光光谱法、质谱法、红外/热导法等(引用文献73篇)。     

微型柱分离-ICP-MS法测定高纯氧化铽中14个稀土杂质元素

研究了微型柱分离 电感耦合等离子质谱法(ICP MS)测定高纯Tb4O7中痕量Lu的方法,采用Cyanex272负载树脂微型分离柱,选定了分离大量Tb4O7基体的实验条件,分离周期为40min。建立了微型柱分离Tb后测定Lu以及内标补偿法直接测定其它稀土杂质的高纯Tb4O7中14个稀土杂质元素的ICP MS分析方法。方法检出限为0.003～0.10μg g,加标回收率为86.6%～114%,相对标准偏差为1.1%～18%。方法可满足快速测定99.999%Tb4O7中14个稀土杂质元素的要求。     

辉光放电质谱法测定超高纯铜溅射靶材中痕量杂质元素及其相对灵敏度因子的求取北大核心CSCD

通过选择合适的同位素及分辨率,提出了辉光放电质谱法(GDMS)测定超高纯铜溅射靶材中39种痕量杂质元素的分析方法。对辉光放电过程中的参数进行了优化,条件如下:放电气体流量为450 mL·min^(-1),放电电流为2.00 mA,预溅射时间为20 min。由于高纯铜的GDMS标准样品极难获得,为提高痕量杂质元素的检测准确度,在现有的标准样品条件下,利用高纯铜标准样品只获得了与基体匹配的21种杂质元素的相对灵敏度因子(RSF),其余18种杂质元素的RSF只能按照仪器自带的标准RSF进行计算。参照美国材料与试验协会的标准ASTM F1593-08(2016)的TypeⅢ中的第2种方法计算33种杂质元素的检出限,而其他6种主要杂质元素因其含量高于仪器噪声水平而无法用此法得到检出限。用GDMS对超高纯铜溅射靶材样品进行了检测,主要杂质元素为硅、磷、硫、氯、铁、银,检出量为0.015~0.082μg·g^(-1),杂质总量小于1μg·g^(-1)。除锌、碲、金的检出限在10 ng·g^(-1)级外,其余元素的检出限能够达到ng·g^(-1)级,其中钍、铀的检出限甚至达到了0.1 ng·g^(-1)级,说明方法能够满足GB/T 26017-2010中的6N(99.9999%)超高纯铜溅射靶材的检测要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.