顶空进样GC-SIM-MS测定硝唑尼特中溶剂残留甲醇含量

利用气相色谱-选择离子监测质谱联用仪(GC-SIM-MS)测定硝唑尼特样品中溶剂残留甲醇的含量,顶空进样,温度为70℃,时间为20 min.SIM定量离子m/z 32,参考离子m/z 31,30和29.甲醇质量浓度在0.5~100μg/m L内呈良好的线性(R~2=0.999 92).方法相对标准偏差为2.49%~4.85%,样品加标回收在94.5%~102.8%之间,检测限为0.5μg/m L,符合定量分析的要求.     

在线衍生高效液相色谱法测定酱油中Pb~(2+)和Ni~(2+)的含量

建立了湿法消解处理样品,反相高效液相色谱在线衍生同时测定酱油中Pb~(2+)和Ni~(2+)含量的方法。以二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(Na DDTC)为衍生试剂,Hypersil ODS2 C-18反相色谱柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6mm)为固定相,甲醇-水-衍生剂(体积比63.5∶35∶1.5)为流动相进行检测。结果显示,Pb~(2+)与Ni~(2+)的线性范围为0.5~50μg/m L,相关系数(r~2)分别为0.998 2和0.999 0,检出限分别为0.3μg/m L和0.2μg/m L,样品加标回收率为88.1%~91.8%。该方法操作简单,准确度和精密度较好,可作为酱油样品中重金属离子测定的替代方法。     

气相色谱–质谱法测定涂料中游离氨基甲酸乙酯

采用气相色谱–质谱法测定涂料中游离氨基甲酸乙酯的含量,对样品进行超声波萃取和高速离心静化处理后,选用选择离子和保留时间定性、外标法定量,色谱柱选择RTX–WAX极性色谱柱。游离氨基甲酸乙酯的质量浓度在0.1~10.0μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数为0.999 9,检出限为0.04μg/m L。加标回收率在96.8%~100.5%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.0%~11.1%(n=6)。该方法样品预处理简单、重现性好、准确度高,适用于涂料中游离氨基甲酸乙酯的检测。     

GC–MS–MS法测定洗发水和沐浴露中二噁烷

建立GC–MS–MS测定洗发水和沐浴露中二噁烷的方法。向样品中加入适量氯化钠并配制成水溶液,气相色谱柱为HP–5毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm),以氦气为载气,程序升温,顶空进样,以母离子m/z 88和二级质谱子离子m/z 57,58为定性离子,m/z 57为定量离子。二噁烷的质量浓度在0.10~10.0μg/m L范围内与m/z 57离子的色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 7,方法的检出限为0.05 mg/kg。测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.6%(n=6),样品加标回收率80.6%~107.0%。该方法专属、灵敏、操作简便,可用于洗发水、沐浴露中二噁烷的测定。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯

建立吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯的方法。称量5 g土壤样品于40 mL吹扫瓶中,加入5 mL超纯水进行吹扫捕集提取,用DB-624毛细管色谱柱（60 m×250μm,1.4μm）分离,全扫描后进行谱库检索定性,内标法定量。乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯的质量浓度在5.0～200μg/L范围内与定量离子与内标定量离子色谱峰面积的比值线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.999 6和0.999 2,检出限分别为1.2、1.4μg/kg。样品加标平均回收率分别为95.8%～108%,79.9%～98.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.92%～13.7%、2.05%～13.8%(n=6)。该方法可用于土壤中乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯的测定。     

液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱对芥子碱的测定方法

探讨了采用液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法检测小鼠前列腺中芥子碱硫氰酸盐的方法。流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(0.5%乙酸)=20∶80,色谱柱为ZorbaxXDB-C18(150 mm×4.6 mmi.d.,5μm),流速为0.6 mL/min。芥子碱硫氰酸盐的准分子离子和二级碎片离子分别为m/z 304和m/z 251,方法的检出限为0.7μg/L,线性范围为2.7~80.5μg/L,r为0.9934,相对标准偏差为7.5%~12.9%,样品的回收率为81.2%~102.5%。     

二维离子色谱法测定海水中的铵离子

研究了二维离子色谱测定海水中铵离子的方法。海水样品经10倍稀释,一维色谱采用高容量的CS–165 mm柱,以30 mmol/L甲磺酸溶液等度淋洗,流量为1 m L/min,进样25μL,CSRS–300 4 mm抑制电导分离Na+,NH4+;二维色谱采用CS–12A 4 mm柱,以8 mmol/L甲磺酸溶液等度淋洗,流量为1 m L/min,以1 300μL定量环进样,SC–CSRS–300盐转换器抑制电导检测NH4+。结果表明:色谱峰面积与NH4+质量浓度线性相关,相关系数为0.999 9。10μg/L标准溶液测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.7%(n=7),NH4+的方法检出限和仪器检出限分别为0.42,0.05μg/L,海水中NH4+加标回收率为80.8%~105.8%。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法测定医用口罩中痕量环氧乙烷

建立了吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法测定医用口罩中痕量环氧乙烷的方法。采用吹扫捕集法对医用口罩中环氧乙烷进行富集,热脱附后导入气相色谱/质谱仪,并选用选择离子模式(SIM)进行检测,内标法定量。结果表明:环氧乙烷在5.0～200μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9992,方法检出限为0.03μg/g,定量限为0.10μg/g。三个不同浓度加标水平(5.0μg/L、20μg/L、80μg/L)的回收率为97.59%～115.95%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.07%～7.48%。该方法操作简单、富集效率高、快速准确,适用于大批量医用口罩样品测定。     

离子色谱-质谱联用测定牛奶中的高氯酸盐、溴酸盐和碘离子

以离子色谱-质谱联用同时测定了不同品牌牛奶中的高氯酸盐、溴酸盐和碘离子。以高容量、强亲水性IonPac AS20(2 mm)为分析柱,EGC在线产生KOH为淋洗液,串联质谱检测。ESIMS/MS以多元反应监测(MRM)模式分别监控高氯酸盐的m/z100.8/84.9、98.8/82.9离子对,溴酸盐的m/z126.8/110.9、126.8/95.0离子对和碘离子的m/z126.8/127.0离子对,并分别对高氯酸盐、溴酸盐和碘离子以m/z98.8/82.9、126.8/110.9和126.8/127.0离子对的峰面积进行定量。该方法对高氯酸盐、溴酸盐和碘离子的检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.02、0.1和0.5μg/L,线性相关系数分别是0.999(0.05~50μg/L)、0.999(0.5~100μg/L)、0.998(1~1 000μg/L)。高氯酸盐和碘离子的样品加标回收率分别在102%~108%之间和86%~114%之间。     

气相色谱–质谱联用法测定空气中的丙烯腈

建立测定空气中丙烯腈的气相色谱–质谱联用方法。用活性炭管采集样品,以体积分数为2%的丙酮二硫化碳溶液解吸,利用气相色谱–质谱法以选择离子扫描方式采集数据并进行分析,以色谱峰面积外标法定量。丙烯腈的质量浓度在0~100μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性相关系数(r~2)为0.999 0。丙烯腈检出限为1.2μg/m L,最低检出质量浓度为0.16 mg/m~3(以采样体积7.5 L计),平均加标回收率为97.0%~99.3%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.0%~4.2%(n=6)。该方法定性、定量准确,精密度、灵敏度高,可用于空气中丙烯腈的常规检测。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.