钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物中三种B8S6型新规则混层结构伯高分辨电镜研究

用选区电子衍射和高分辨电子显微术研究钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物及其衍生物多晶体结构，发现三种不同的氟碳铈矿与直氟碳钙铈矿具８：６新规则混层结构，确定了各自的晶体结构类型，晶胞参数，堆垛模式及晶体化学式等。高分辨像的观察分析，揭示出了三种Ｂ８Ｓ６规则混层结构中的Ｃｅ－Ｆ离子层以及两个Ｃｅ－Ｆ离子层之间的ＣＯ３离子组具有不同的排列方式，观察和讨论了上述规则支结构中的无序夹层及堆垛层错等非均匀结构现象。     

四川冕宁钙-铈氟碳酸盐矿物中的晶畴结构

用透射电子显微技术研究了四川冕宁霓石碱性花岗岩中的钙－铈氟碳酸盐矿物系列的晶畴结构,发现该系列矿物中的相畴。反相畴是由于晶格沿「０００１」方向产生０．４７１ｎｍ的位移,即沿「０００１」面的层错引起。在混层结构的畴区内确定了Ｂ４Ｓ２型规则混层结构匠３Ｒ新多型并观察到有序混层结构中存在无序结构微畴及在无序结构中的有昆层结构微畴。     

钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物中体衍交生结构的电子显微镜研究

用高分辨电子显微术研究了四川西昌地区钙稀氟碳酸盐矿物中的体衍生复合多晶体超微结构特征，直观地揭示了该类矿物非均匀结构的复杂性。研究表明，该矿物体是由钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物系列中不同组分的氟碳铈矿与直氟碳钙铈矿结构单元层沿ｃ轴方向无序堆垛而成。     

牦牛坪钙稀土氟碳酸盐多体矿物的成分特征及其成因意义

牦牛坪矿床中钙稀土氟碳酸盐多体矿物，经扫描电镜观察和电子探针分析，表明氟碳铈矿可由矿液直接结晶或通过多体矿物的分解反应形成。与多体矿物相比较，氟碳铈矿的稀土配分模式以富La为特点。多体矿物的CaO/REE2O3(重量比）的平均值为0.131(测试值）和0.141（计算值），低于氟碳钙铈矿的理论值0.171。根据多体系列化学计量的线性关系，证明多体矿物形成于Ca^2 和CO3^2-活度较低的矿液中。这种矿液不利于典型氟碳钙铈矿的形成。     

Domain Structures in Minerals

Domain structures in mineral crystals could be categorized into three groups and several subgroups within each group, based on characteristics of domain structures and mechanisms causing domain structures: (ⅰ) domain structures constituted by domains with the same (or identical) crystal structure and chemical composition, including anti-phase domain structures, twinning domain structures, inversion domain structures, and translationtwinning domain structures; (ⅱ) domain structures constituted by two or more than two kinds of domains with the same chemical composition but different crystal structures; and (ⅲ) domain structures constituted by two kinds of compositional and structural different domains, including exsolution-induced and polysomatic reaction-induced domain structures. Different types of domain structures may display different phenomena in their TEM images and SAED patterns, due to different crystallographic characteristics of different domain structures. The domain structures in minerals     

MIn3S5 (M = Rb,Cs), a New Structure Type based on a Joint ccp Arrangement of S2— and M+: Structure,Microstructure, and Twinning

The compounds MIn₃S₅ (M = Rb, Cs) represent new ternary chalcogenides on the quasi binary section M₂S‐In₂S₃ (M = Rb, Cs) with the two binary phases in a molar ratio of 1:3. RbIn₃S₅ and CsIn₃S₅ (both red‐transparent) crystallize in a new structure type (SG: P2/m, Z = 3). The indium atoms are coordinated by sulfur atoms with tetrahedral as well as octahedral arrangement, while the coordination numbers of the two crystallographically independent M atoms are nine and ten. A special feature of these solids is the slightly distorted joint ccp arrangement of the sulfur and alkali metal atoms. The crystals of both solids are characterized by a systematic twinning based on the peculiarity just mentioned. The twinnig law and the atomic arrangement at the twin interface have been investigated by single crystal X‐Ray diffraction and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM).     

Solvothermal Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Nonmetal Borates:C_4H_(10)N_2·B_6O_8(OH)_2 and (NH_3CH_2CH_2NH_3)B_5O_8(OH)

Two new borate compounds,C4H10N2·B6O8(OH)2 1 and (NH3CH2CH2NH3)B5O8-(OH) 2,have been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,IR,elemental analysis and thermal analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group P21/c,with a=8.3318(17),b=6.2118(12),c=12.479(3) ,β=108.96(3)o,V=610.8(2) 3,Mr=313.02,Z=2,Dc=1.702 g/cm3,μ=0.150 mm-1,F(000)=320,R =0.0387 and wR =0.0924. Its layered structure is linked by infinite covalently coordinated neutral sheets with 3,20-membered window system,which are built up from alternative B6O8(OH)2 subunits donated by two piperzazine nitrogen donors. 2 crystallizes in monoclinic,space group Cc,with a=6.7207(13),b=11.481(2),c=12.564(3) ,β=95.25(3)o,V=965.4(3) 3,Mr=261.18,Z=4,Dc=1.797 g/cm3,μ= 0.164 mm-1,F(000)=536,R=0.0396 and wR=0.0752. Its oxoborate structure is generated from the sheets of 3,9-membered boron rings bonded diamine molecules through electrostatic and H-bonding interactions to form a two-dimensional layered network.     

The role of the interface in a Ti‐based metallic glass matrix composite with in situ dendrite reinforcement

Many in situ metallic glass matrix (MGM) composites have been developed as promising engineering materials having distinguished properties because of sharing virtues of high strength of metallic glasses and large plasticity of crystal phase, for example, Ti₄₇Zr₁₉Be₁₅V₁₂Cu₇ MGM composites (the yield strength: 1600 MPa, the fracture strength: 3024 MPa and the total strain 32.6%). Although the toughening mechanisms in these materials have been investigated, the role of the interface bridging the ductile dendrite and the glass phase is still unclear. To this aim, specimens of the as‐received and after compression of this Ti‐based MGM composite were investigated to by using the transmission electron microscopy and the high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results of the microstructure investigation indicated that the interface in the composite consists of a nanosized transform layer with an approximate width of 4 nm. During plastic deformation, the interface either suppresses plastic deformation caused by dislocations on the dendrite side or initiates nucleation of multiple shear bands throughout nanocrystallization on the glass phase side nearby the interface, which is favorable for the plastic deformation of the material. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Organically Templated Borates： [（C2H10N2）]2[B14O20（OH）6] and [C8H22N4][B5O6（OH）4]2

Two new nonmetal borates, [（C2H10N2）]2[B14O20（OH）6] 1 and [C8H22N4][B5O6（OH）4]2 2, have been synthesized under mild conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FTIR, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Crystal data for compound 1： triclinic, space group P^-1, a = 8.4979（17）, b = 8.8498（18）, c = 10.065（2）A^°, α = 95.01（3）, β = 96.99（3）, γ = 116.82（3）°, V= 661.8（3）A^°^3, Z= 1, Mr = 697.63, Dc = 1.751 g/cm^3,μ = 0.163 mm^-1, F（000） = 356, the final R = 0.0372 and wR = 0.0968 （I 〉 2σ（I））; and those for compound 2： monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 9.1867（18）, b= 14.118（3）, c = 10.334（2）A^°, β = 91.48（3）°, V = 1339.8（5）A^°^3, Z = 2, Mr = 610.46, Dc = 1.513 g/cm^3,μ = 0.135 mm^-1, F（000） = 632, the final R = 0.0350 and wR = 0.0912 （I 〉 2σ（I））. For both 1 and 2, the anionic units are interlinked via O-H…O hydrogen bonds to form a 3D supramolecular network, while the protonated cations are located in the free space of the inorganic borate framework and interact with the anions by electrostatic attraction and extensive N-H…O hydrogen bonds.     

The Role of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Cu‐BTC Metal‐Organic Frameworks for CO2 Adsorption

The discovery of natural gas fields with a high content of CO₂ in world gas reservoirs poses new challenges for CO₂ capture. This work investigates the use of the metal‐organic framework (MOF) Cu‐BTC and hybrid MWCNTs@Cu‐BTC for CO₂ adsorption. Cu‐BTC and hybrid MWCNTs@Cu‐BTC were synthesized by the solvothermal method. The results of imaging of intact MOF pores in Cu‐BTC and hybrid MWCNTs@Cu‐BTC nanocrystals by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) under liquid nitrogen conditions are presented. Physical characterizations of the solid adsorbents were made by using a selection of different techniques, including field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area, and CO₂ adsorption and physisorption measurements. HRTEM and FESEM confirmed that Cu‐BTC has an octahedral shape and that the surface morphology of Cu‐BTC changes by the intercalation of MWCTNs. The results show that the modified Cu‐BTC improved the CO₂ adsorption compared to pure Cu‐BTC. The increase in the CO₂ uptake capabilities of hybrid MWCNTs@Cu‐BTC was ascribed to the intercalation of MWCNTs with Cu‐BTC crystals. The CO₂ sorption capacities of Cu‐BTC and hybrid MWCNTs@Cu‐BTC were found to increase from 1.91701 to 3.25642 mmol/g at ambient conditions.     

X-Ray and TEM Studies of CdTeMoO6 and CoTeMoO6: A New Superstructure of Fluorite Type with Cation and Anion Deficiencies (▪CoTeMo)(□2O6)

The crystal structures of two telluromolybdates CdTeMoO₆ and CoTeMoO₆ have been solved ab initio. CdTeMoO₆ crystallizes in a tetragonal cell (space group No. 113, P 2₁m, Z=2) with a=5.2840(1) Å, c=9.0595(2) Å whereas CoTeMoO₆ crystallizes in orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2 (No. 18) with two formula units in the unit cell of dimensions a=5.2545(1) Å, b=5.0653(1) Å, and c=8.8589(2) Å. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern data were refined by the Rietveld profile technique and led respectively to R_Bragg=0.07 for CdTeMoO₆ and R_Bragg=0.07 for CoTeMoO₆. The crystal structure of CdTeMoO₆ is built up from corner-sharing distorted CdO₄ tetrahedra which build a layer in the a,b plane, while in CoTeMoO₆ cobalt atoms exhibited an octahedral distorted surrounding. Both compounds are simultaneously cation- and anion-deficient 1.1.2 superstructures of fluorite in which the electron lone pairs of tellurium are stereo-chemically active. High-resolution electron microscopy images of CdTeMoO₆ showed well-ordered crystals fragments, but in some crystals defects have also been detected.