Silver-Catalyzed and Silver-Promoted Reactions of Isocyanides

In recent years, the silver-catalyzed and silver-promoted isocyanide reactions have attracted much attention, due to its efficiency in the formation of diverse new bonds and good reaction selectivity. A series of highly useful linear or cyclic compounds have been constructed. In this review, the recent progress in this field is described in the sequence of synthesis of five-membered heterocyclic compounds, synthesis of six-membered heterocyclic compounds, synthesis of fused cyclic compounds as well as synthesis of linear nitrogen-containing compounds.     

元素有机化合物在有机合成中的应用

本文简要介绍磷、硫、砷、硅、硼和锡有机化合物在有机合成应用中研究得较活跃的一些例子,并着重讨论应用元素有机化合物合成立体专一性、光学活性和生理活性的化合物。     

Application of carbene chemistry in the synthesis of organofluorine compounds

The methods for the synthesis of fluorine-containing organic compounds are highly demanded due to the importance of those compounds in various fields. On the other hand, carbenes are in general highly reactive species, though which various transformations are possible. Carbene chemistry has been recently explored in the development of new methodologies for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. This short report summarizes the recent advances in this area.     

Ionic Liquids: New Perspectives for Inorganic Synthesis?

Ionic liquids are credited with a number of unusual properties. These include a low vapor pressure, a wide liquid‐phase range, weakly coordinating properties, and a high thermal/chemical stability. These properties are certainly of great interest for inorganic synthesis and the creation of novel inorganic compounds. On the other hand, the synthesis repertoire for preparing inorganic compounds has always been broad, ranging from syntheses in solutions and melts to solid‐state reactions, and from crystal growth in the gas phase to high‐pressure syntheses. What new aspects can ionic liquids then add to the synthesis of inorganic compounds? This Minireview uses some early examples to show that the use of ionic liquids indeed provides access to unusual inorganic compounds.     

meso Compounds: Stepchildren or Favored Children of Stereoselective Synthesis?

After more than a quarter of a century of development, the methodology of stereoselective synthesis appears to be fully matured. In line with this, the potential that meso compounds offer in stereoselective synthesis is clearly recognized. The use of meso compounds in synthesis is, however, in no way commensurate with this potential, because, ironically, the synthesis of meso compounds in the first place is a problem of stereoselective synthesis. Present-day methodology does not provide many useful solutions to this problem. This Review therefore addresses the strategies available for the synthesis of more elaborate meso compounds whose stereogenic centers have a distance >1,4 between them. meso Compounds with more than four stereogenic centers are also considered. The criteria used in choosing from several strategies in the synthesis of such compounds are discussed.     

Metal Hydrogen Sulfates M(HSO4)n: As Efficient Catalysts for the Synthesis of Quinoxalines in EtOH at Room Temperature

A convenient method for the synthesis of quinoxalines catalysed by metal hydrogen sulfates by the reaction of 1,2‐diamino compounds and 1,2‐dicarbonyl compounds in ethanol as solvent at room temperature is reported.     

1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮在有机合成中的应用

综述了新溶剂１,３－二甲基－２－咪唑啉酮在有机合成中的应用,如高分子聚合物、杂环化合物和有机金属化合物等的合成。参考文献２２篇。     

Geminal bis(boron) compounds: Their preparation and synthetic applications

Geminal bis(boron) compounds have recently emerged as valuable building blocks for the synthesis of molecules with structural diversity. They have advantages of unique stability, operational simplicity and can be engaged in several kinds of transformations. This review covers the synthetic methods of geminal bis(boron) compounds and their applications in organic synthesis.     

多组分反应合成杂环化合物研究进展

利用多组分反应合成结构复杂多样的杂环化合物,在有机合成领域具有广阔的应用前景和研究价值.本文综述了近年来多组分反应在五元杂环、六元杂环、多元杂环合成中的研究进展,同时对杂环化合物的绿色合成方法做出展望.     

Synthesis of Spirocyclic and Fused Isoxazoline Building Blocks

A highly efficient multigram synthesis of spirocyclic and fused isoxazoline building blocks is described. Isoxazoline-3-carboxylates were synthesized via a regioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 2-chloro-2-(hydroxyimino)acetate and carbo- or heterocyclic alkenes bearing endo- or exocyclic C=C double bonds, resulting in fused or spirocyclic isoxazolines, respectively. The preparation of up to 300 g of these compounds was achieved in a single run. The ester group of isoxazolines was then subjected to common synthetic transformations for the synthesis of corresponding building blocks, including alcohols, chlorides, azides, amines, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, amino acids and their derivatives, difluoromethyl-substituted compounds, and bicyclic γ-lactones. Additionally, a direct cycloaddition-based approach to the synthesis of aminoalkyl- and chloromethyl-substituted isoxazolines was proposed to improve their preparation. The described isoxazoline building blocks are expected to be valuable tools for drug discovery.     

Recent synthetic applications of manganese in organic synthesis

While the organometallic compounds derived from many metals have found a broad application in organic synthesis, the use of organomanganese compounds has only recently been developed due to the passivity exhibited by commercial Mn in the direct metalation of organic compounds. In this Concept article, we highlight the potential of manganese and its organometallic compounds in organic synthesis by illustration of the studies previously reported by others and our laboratory in this field. Based on the transformations reported herein, organomanganese compounds could become important tools in the future of the organic synthesis, due to their high selectivity.     

Reagent‐Based DOS: Developing a Diastereoselective Methodology to Access Spirocyclic‐ and Fused Heterocyclic Ring Systems

Herein, we report a diversity‐oriented‐synthesis (DOS) approach for the synthesis of biologically relevant molecular scaffolds. Our methodology enables the facile synthesis of fused N‐heterocycles, spirooxoindolones, tetrahydroquinolines, and fused N‐heterocycles. The two‐step sequence starts with a chiral‐bicyclic‐lactam‐directed enolate‐addition/substitution step. This step is followed by a ring‐closure onto the built‐in scaffold electrophile, thereby leading to stereoselective carbocycle‐ and spirocycle‐formation. We used in silico tools to calibrate our compounds with respect to chemical diversity and selected drug‐like properties. We evaluated the biological significance of our scaffolds by screening them in two cancer cell‐lines. In summary, our DOS methodology affords new, diverse scaffolds, thereby resulting in compounds that may have significance in medicinal chemistry.     

Dehydrogenation of the NH−NH Bond Triggered by Potassium tert-Butoxide in Liquid Ammonia

A novel strategy for the dehydrogenation of the NH−NH bond is disclosed using potassium tert-butoxide (tBuOK) in liquid ammonia (NH₃) under air at room temperature. Its synthetic value is well demonstrated by the highly efficient synthesis of aromatic azo compounds (up to 100 % yield, 3 min), heterocyclic azo compounds, and dehydrazination of phenylhydrazine. The broad application of this strategy and its benefit to chemical biology is proved by a novel, convenient, one-pot synthesis of aliphatic diazirines, which are important photoreactive agents for photoaffinity labeling.     

Construction of Chiral Cyclic Compounds Enabled by Enantioselective Photocatalysis

Chiral cyclic molecules are some of the most important compounds in nature, and are widely used in the fields of drugs, materials, synthesis, etc. Enantioselective photocatalysis has become a powerful tool for organic synthesis of chiral cyclic molecules. Herein, this review summarized the research progress in the synthesis of chiral cyclic compounds by photocatalytic cycloaddition reaction in the past 5 years, and expounded the reaction conditions, characters, and corresponding proposed mechanism, hoping to guide and promote the development of this field.     

含硅有机锗化合物的合成

报道了一类含硅有机锗化合物的合成。从Ｍｅ３ＳｉＣｌ，ＲＸ，ＧｅＯ２出发，经过氯化、格氏反应、亲核取代等反应，制得目标化合物－－二〔烃基二甲硅基甲基〕锗的二氯化物。它们的结构经元素分析和红外表征。     

Supramolecular compounds of cucurbituril with molybdenum and tungsten chalcogenide cluster aqua complexes

The review surveys the synthesis and structures of a new class of supramolecular compounds composed of the macrocyclic cavitand cucurbituril and molybdenum or tungsten chalcogenide clusters. The structural motifs of supramolecular compounds and factors influencing their formation are considered.     

Pentafluorophenylboron halides: 40 years later

The pentafluorophenylboron halides C₆F₅BX₂ (X=Cl, F) and (C₆F₅)₂BCl were first reported in the early 1960s. After a period of inactivity these perfluoroarylboron derivatives have been employed for the synthesis of a variety of important compounds, including monomeric iminoboranes, a highly electrophilic hydroboration reagent, strong Lewis acids (with one or two acceptor sites) that activate alkyl metallocene polymerization catalysts, and the first organoxenon(IV) compounds. These recent developments provide a cogent example of the time lag that often occurs between discovery and applications in fundamental research.     

含钨化合物催化合成己二酸研究进展

己二酸是工业上具有重要应用的二元羧酸,其合成方法的研究受到了广泛的关注.其传统的合成方法对环境造成了极大的破坏.利用含钨化合物作为催化剂催化合成己二酸是一种绿色环保的新方法,引起了人们的重视.作者介绍了近年来含钨化合物催化合成己二酸的研究进展,分析比较了不同催化剂体系的研究情况,展望了今后己二酸合成的发展前景.     

Influence of dipole moments on the medicinal activities of diverse organic compounds

In this study, synthesis, biological activity and structure-activity relationships of diverse compounds are described. In general, the relationships between dipole moment and biological activities are discussed in detail. Despite progress of interdisciplinary science, the use of dipole moment values of organic compounds to understand their potent medicinal activities in various diseases remains unexplored. In contrast, it can be seen that many compounds demonstrate a direct correlation between biological activity and dipole moment. Therefore, analyzing the dipole moment values, scientists may design more potent compounds prior to their synthesis which is tedious, costly and time-consuming.     

具有生理活性的天然有机化合物

本文从天然药物、天然农药、生长及生态调节物质、精神依赖药物和全合成等几个方面, 通过评论一些有较大社会意义或学术价值的化合物, 试图透视具有生理活性天然有机化合物这一常盛不衰的热点研究领域的发展脉络, 及对人类生活的意义。