高维非光滑动力系统的周期响应数值分析

本文研究以复杂弹塑性结构，含间隙或干摩擦的机械等为背景的高维非光滑动力系统周期响应的数值解法。提出了一种对短时间历程动响应进行曲线拟合后外推周期响应的迭代格式，改变了现有方法未充分利用动力系统内在特性及中间计算结果所含信息的不足，使计算效率有了阶次性的提高且收敛性能亦大为改善。     

具有系统参数的非线性动力系统周期解方法

给出两种形式的微分方程周期求解方法,这两种方法对称处理奇异的非线性特征值问题有独特的能力,为具有系统参数的非线性动力系统在整个系统参数范围内的动态特性分析提供了有效的方法。     

非线性转子-轴承系统的周期解及近似解析表达式

通过对普通打靶方法进行改造提出一种确定非线性系统周期轨道及周期的新型打靶算法。首先通过改变系统的时间尺度，将非线性系统周期轨道的周期显式地出现在非线性系统的系统方程中，然后对传统打靶法进行改造，将周期也作为一个参数一起参与打靶法的迭代过程，迭代过程包含对周期轨道和周期的求解，迭代过程中的增量通过优化方法选择，从而能迅速确定出系统的周期轨道及其周期。应用所求的结果结合谐波平衡方法求得了非线性系统的周期轨道的近似解析表达式，理论上通过增加谐波的阶数任何精度的周期解都可以得到。最后将该方法应用于非线性转子轴承系统，求出了在某些参数下转子的周期解及其近似解析表达式，通过与四阶Runge-Kutta数值积分结果比较，验证了方法的有效性，计算结果对于转子系统运动的定量控制有重要理论指导意义。     

A new numerical technique for the analysis of parametrically excited nonlinear systems

A new computational scheme using Chebyshev polynomials is proposed for the numerical solution of parametrically excited nonlinear systems. The state vector and the periodic coefficients are expanded in Chebyshev polynomials and an integral equation suitable for a Picard-type iteration is formulated. A Chebyshev collocation is applied to the integral with the nonlinearities reducing the problem to the solution of a set of linear algebraic equations in each iteration. The method is equally applicable for nonlinear systems which are represented in state-space form or by a set of second-order differential equations. The proposed technique is found to duplicate the periodic, multi-periodic and chaotic solutions of a parametrically excited system obtained previously using the conventional numerical integration schemes with comparable CPU times. The technique does not require the inversion of the mass matrix in the case of multi degree-of-freedom systems. The present method is also shown to offer significant computational conveniences over the conventional numerical integration routines when used in a scheme for the direct determination of periodic solutions. Of course, the technique is also applicable to non-parametrically excited nonlinear systems as well.     

准周期响应对称破缺分岔点的一种快速计算方法

稳态响应如周期及准周期解的分岔计算, 是非线性动力学研究的难点问题之一. 与计算方法及分析理论相对完善的周期响应相比, 准周期响应的求解只是在近些年才得到较大进展, 而且其分岔分析更加棘手, 仍需要更有效的理论和方法. 目前, 稳态响应尤其是准周期响应的分岔计算, 一般需采用数值方法, 通过调节参数反复试算得到. 为此, 本文基于增量谐波平衡IHB法提出一种快速方法, 可以高效地确定准周期响应的对称破缺分岔点. 方法的理论基础是在准周期解的广义谐波级数表达基础上, 当响应发生对称破缺分岔时, 其偶次(含零次)谐波系数将逐渐由0变为小量. 基于此性质, 将零次谐波系数预先设定为小量, 同时将分岔控制参数视为可变的迭代变量, 进而通过IHB法构造迭代格式. 作为算例, 研究不可约频率作用下的双频激励Duffing系统以及Duffing-van der Pol耦合系统. 结果表明, 只要迭代格式收敛, 随着预设小量减小, 控制参数将逐渐接近分岔近似值; 同时, 通过提高谐波截断数可显著提高近似分岔值的计算精度. 所提方法无需反复试算, 只要迭代过程收敛、便可实现分岔点直接快速计算.      

Static and dynamic behaviors of belt-drive dynamic systems with a one-way clutch

This paper focuses on the nontrivial equilibrium and the steady-state periodic response of belt-drive system with a one-way clutch and belt flexural rigidity. A nonlinear piecewise discrete–continuous dynamic model is established by modeling the motions of the translating belt spans as transverse vibrations of axially moving viscoelastic beams. The rotations of the pulleys and the accessory are also considered. Furthermore, the transverse vibrations and the rotation motions are coupled by nonlinear dynamic tension. The nontrivial equilibriums of the belt-drive system are obtained by an iterative scheme via the differential and integral quadrature methods (DQM and IQM). Moreover, the periodic fluctuation of the driving pulley is modeled as the excitation of the belt-drive system. The steady-state periodic responses of the dynamic system are, respectively, studied via the high-order Galerkin truncation as well as the DQM and IQM. The time histories of the system are numerically calculated based on the 4th Runge–Kutta time discretization method. Furthermore, the frequency–response curves are presented from the numerical solutions. Based on the steady-state periodic response, the resonance areas of the dynamic system are obtained by using the frequency sweep. Moreover, the influences of the truncation terms of the Galerkin method, such as 6-term, 8-term, 10-term, 12-term, and 16-term, are investigated by comparing with the DQM and IQM. Numerical results demonstrate that the one-way clutch reduces the resonance responses of the belt-drive system via the torque-transmitting directional function. Furthermore, the comparisons in numerical examples show that the investigation on steady-state responses of the belt-drive system with a one-way clutch and belt flexural rigidity needs 16-term truncation     

线性与非线性流固耦合动力学数值方法的进展及应用

本文综述了线性与非线性流固耦合问题数值方法的进展及工程应用。讨论了四种数值分析方法：(1)混合有限元–子结构–子区域数值模型,以求解有限域线性流固耦合问题,如流体晃动,声腔–结构耦合,流体中的压力波,化工容器的地震响应,坝水耦合等;(2)混合有限元–边界元数值模型,以求解涉及无限域的线性流固耦合问题,如大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击,船舰的炮击回应等;(3)混合有限元–有限差分(体积)数值模型,以求解不涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题;(4)混合有限元–光滑粒子数值模型,以求解涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题。文中推荐分区迭代求解过程,以便应用现有的固体及流体求解器,于毎一时间步长分别求解固体及流体的方程,通过耦合迭代收敛,向前推进以达问题求解。文中选用的工程应用例子包含气–液–壳三相耦合,液化天然气船水晃动,人体步行冲击引起的声腔–建筑结构耦合,大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击的瞬态动力回应,涉及破浪和两相分离的气–翼耦合及结构于水上降落的冲击。数值分析结果与可用的实验或计算结果作了比较,以说明所述方法的精度及工程应用价值。文中列出了基于流固耦合的波能采积装置模型,以应用线性系统的共振及非线性系统的周期解原理,有效地采积波能。本文列出了231篇参考文献,以便读者进一步研讨所感兴趣方法。     

Analysis of transient response of saturated porous elastic soil under cyclic loading using element-free Galerkin method

A two-dimensional numerical procedure is presented to analyse the transient response of saturated porous elastic soil layer under cyclic loading. The procedure is based on the element-free Galerkin method and incorporated into the periodic conditions (temporal and spatial periodicity). Its shape function is constructed by moving least-square approximants, essential boundary conditions are implemented through Lagrange multipliers and the periodic conditions are implemented through a revised variational formulation. Time domain is discretized through the Crank–Nicolson scheme. Analytical solutions are developed to assess the effectiveness and accuracy of the current procedure in one and two dimensions. For only temporal periodic problems, a one-dimensional transient problem of finite thickness soil layer is analysed for sinusoidal surface loading. For both temporal and spatial periodic problems, a typical two-dimensional wave-induced transient problem with the seabed of finite thickness is analysed. Finally, a moving boundary problem is analysed. It is found that the current procedure is simple, efficient and accurate in predicting the response of soil layer under cyclic loading.     

Reduced augmented Lagrangian bi-conjugate gradient method for impact-contact problems

To avoid the numerical oscillation of the penalty method and non-compatibility with explicit operators of conventional Lagrange multiplier methods used in transient contact problems to enforce surface contact conditions, a new approach to enforcing surface contact constraints for the transient nonlinear finite element problems, referred to as “the reduced augmented Lagrangian bi-conjugate gradient method (ALCG)”, is developed in this paper. Based on the nonlinear constrained optimization theory and is compatible with the explicit time integration scheme, this approach can also be used in implicit scheme naturally. The new surface contact constraint method presented has significant advantages over the widely adopted penalty function methods and the conventional Lagrangian multiplier methods. The surface contact constraints are satisfied more accurately for each step by the algorithm, so the oscillation of numerical solution for the explicit scheme is depressed. Through the development of new iteration strategy for solving nonlinear equations, ALCG method improves the computational efficiency greatly. Project supported by State Education Commission Doctoral Foundation and Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province.     

移动周期载荷作用下孔隙热弹性地基的动力学响应

根据孔隙热弹性线性理论,本文首先建立了在移动周期载荷作用下孔隙热弹性地基动力学响应分析的数学模型,其中提出了在周期性边界上必须满足的6类适当的条件,即界面位移相等、应力相等、孔隙百分比相等、温度相等以及在外法线方向孔隙发展相等和温度导数相等。在此基础上,分别采用微分求积法(DQM)和有限差分法(FDM)对控制方程进行空间和时间离散,并求解。作为算例,分别研究了在移动周期载荷和极限车载作用下孔隙热弹性地基的动力学响应,考察了车速对沉降、孔隙体积百分比和温度的影响。可以看到,本文提出的处理周期性问题DQM,具有精度高、收敛性好,计算效率高等特点。     

Developments of numerical methods for linear and nonlinear fluid-solid interaction dynamics with applications

本文综述了线性与非线性流固耦合问题数值方法的进展及工程应用. 讨论了四种数值分析方法: (1) 混合有限元-子结构-子区域数值模型, 以求解有限域线性流固耦合问题, 如流体晃动, 声腔-结构耦合, 流体中的压力波, 化工容器的地震响应,坝水耦合等; (2) 混合有限元-边界元数值模型, 以求解涉及无限域的线性流固耦合问题, 如大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击, 船舰的炮击回应等; (3) 混合有限元-有限差分(体积) 数值模型, 以求解不涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题; (4) 混合有限元-光滑粒子数值模型, 以求解涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题. 文中推荐分区迭代求解过程, 以便应用现有的固体及流体求解器, 于毎一时间步长分别求解固体及流体的方程, 通过耦合迭代收敛, 向前推进以达问题求解. 文中选用的工程应用例子包含气-液-壳三相耦合, 液化天然气船水晃动, 人体步行冲击引起的声腔-建筑结构耦合, 大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击的瞬态动力回应, 涉及破浪和两相分离的气-翼耦合及结构于水上降落的冲击. 数值分析结果与可用的实验或计算结果作了比较, 以说明所述方法的精度及工程应用价值. 文中列出了基于流固耦合的波能采积装置模型, 以应用线性系统的共振及非线性系统的周期解原理, 有效地采积波能. 本文列出了231 篇参考文献, 以便读者进一步研讨所感兴趣方法.     

求解非线性动力系统周期解推广的打靶法

提出一种确定非线性系统周期轨道及周期的改进打靶算法。首先通过改变系统的时间尺度，将非线性系统周期轨道的周期显式地出现在非线性系统的系统方程中，然后对传统打靶法进行改造，将周期也作为一个参数一起参入打靶法的迭代过程，从而能迅速确定出系统的周期轨道及其周期。该方法对初始迭代参数没有苛刻要求，可以用于分析强非线性系统，而且对参数激励系统同样有效，对高维系统也能迅速、准确地求得周期解。文中应用该方法对三维Rǒssler系统和八维非线性柔性转子-轴承系统的周期轨道和周期进行了求解，通过与四阶Runge-Kutta数值积分结果比较，验证了方法的有效性。     

基于Newton/Gauss-Seidel迭代的DGM隐式方法

在Newton迭代方法的基础上,对高阶精度间断Galerkin有限元方法(DGM)的时间隐式格式进行了研究. Newton迭代 法的优势在于收敛效率高效,并且定常和非定常问题能够统一处理,对于非定常问题无需引入双时间步策略. 为了避免大型矩阵的求逆,采用一步Gauss-Seidel迭代和Matrix-free技术消去残值Jacobi矩阵的上、下三角矩阵,从而只需计算和存储对角(块)矩阵. 对角(块)矩阵采用数值方法计算. 空间离散采用Taylor基,其优势在于对于任意形状的网格,基函数的形式是一致的,有利于在混合网格上推广. 利用该方法,数值模拟了Bump绕流和NACA0012翼型绕流. 计算结果表明,与显式的Runge-Kutta时间格式相比,隐式格式所需的迭代步数和CPU时间均在很大程度上得到减少,计算效率能够提高1～ 2个量级.     

A hybrid scheme for simulation of planar rigid bodies with impacts and friction using impact mappings

This paper introduces numerical techniques necessary for the implementation of impact maps derived from an energetic impact law for rigid-body impacts with friction at isolated contact points. In particular the work focuses on methodologies for long-term simulation with behaviours such as dynamic transitions and chatter. The methods are based on hybrid event-driven numerical solvers for ordinary differential equations together with system states to deal with the transitions. A slender rod impacting a periodically oscillating surface is used as an example to illustrate implementation and methods. The numerical scheme for the rod system is used to show how symmetry can play an important role in the presence of friction for long-term dynamics. This will show that surface oscillations with low frequencies tend to lead to periodic motions of the rod that are independent of friction. For higher frequencies however the periodic solutions are not that common and irregular motion ensues.     

求非线性转子－轴承系统周期响应的一种计算方法

本文把求非线性转子－轴承系统瞬态响应的分块Ｎｅｗｍａｒｋ方法与打靶法结合求系统的周期解，该方法利用了分块Ｎｅｗｍａｒｋ方法求解速度快的优点和Ｊａｃｏｂｉ矩阵求解时每步不需迭代的特点。本文首先给出周期解的求解公式，然后用一个算例，讨论了周期解的稳定性及失稳后的分岔行为。     

A new alternating group explicit-implicit algorithm with high accuracy for dispersive equation

In this paper, a new alternating group explicit-implicit （nAGEI） scheme for dispersive equations with a periodic boundary condition is derived. This new unconditionally stable scheme has a fourth-order truncation error in space and a convergence ratio faster than some known alternating methods such as ASEI and AGE. Comparison in accuracy with the AGEI and AGE methods is presented in the numerical experiment.     

Non-resonant response, bifurcation and oscillation suppression of a non-autonomous system with delayed position feedback control

The maglev system with delayed position feedback control is excitated by the deflection of flexible guideway and resonant response may take place. This paper concerns the non-resonant response of the system by employing centre manifold reduction and method of multiple time scales. The dynamical model is presented and expanded to the third-order Taylor series. Taking time delay as its bifurcation parameter, the condition with which the Hopf bifurcation may occur is investigated. Centre manifold reduction is applied to get the Poincaré normal form of the nonlinear system so that we can study the relationship between periodic solution and system parameter. At first, the non-resonant periodic solution of the normal form is calculated based on the method of multiple time scales. Then the bifurcation condition of the free oscillation in the solution is analyzed, and we get the conditions with which the free oscillation has maximum and minimum values. The relationship between external excitation and the periodic solution is also discussed in this paper. Finally, numerical simulation results show how system and excitation parameters affect the system response. It is shown that the existence of the free oscillation and the amplitude of the forced oscillation can be determined by time delay and control parameters. So felicitously selecting them can suppress the oscillation effectively.     

周期光照下液晶弹性体简支梁的振动响应研究

液晶弹性体(LCE)因其具有快速的光热响应和可逆变形等特性,在能量转换、软机器人和非接触控制等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文利用液晶弹性体在外部光刺激下可与机械变形耦合的特性,建立了LCE简支梁的动态模型,研究了其在周期光照下的弯曲振动现象。首先建立了LCE简支梁的光驱动控制方程,然后通过振型叠加法获得方程的半解析解,再用Matlab软件编程计算其变化规律。计算结果表明,周期光照可以使LCE简支梁发生周期性振动,梁跨中的振动幅值可以通过阻尼因子、热弛豫时间、光照强度、光照周期和光照时间率来调节,振动平衡位置可以通过光强与热弛豫时间来调节,振动反应时间可以通过热弛豫时间与阻尼来调节。本文结果对光驱动运动的控制和光机能量转换系统的设计具有一定的指导意义。     

On the Mindlin microelasticity in one dimension

Mindlin's microelasticity theory is reduced to the one-dimensional setting to examine its prediction of the response of microstructured materials on a pulse loading. The one-dimensional setting requires a minimal number of additional material parameters. Since analytical solutions may be found only in highly simplified asymptotic cases, numerical simulations are performed by means of a finite-volume numerical scheme modifying the wave-propagation algorithm. The calculated response of a material described by the Mindlin microelasticity is compared then with the corresponding response of an “equivalent” periodic laminate.