硫氰酸铵-溴化十六烷基吡啶-水体系浮选分离汞

研究了氯化钠存在下硫氰酸铵-溴化十六烷基吡啶-水体系浮选分离Hg(Ⅱ)的行为及其与常见离子分离的条件。结果表明:pH 5.0,在1.0 g氯化钠存在下,当0.1 mol.L-1硫氰酸铵溶液0.5 mL,1.0×10-2mol.L-1溴化十六烷基吡啶溶液1.0 mL时,Hg(Ⅱ)可被此体系定量浮选,而Cd(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ)、Al(Ⅲ)等离子在此体系中不被浮选,从而实现了Hg(Ⅱ)与这些常见离子之间的定量分离,对合成水样中微量Hg(Ⅱ)进行的定量浮选分离测定,测得平均回收率为100.5%。     

联噻唑衍生物荧光猝灭汞离子传感器的研究

合成了一种新的荧光体4,4'-叔丁基-2,2'-联噻唑(DtBBT),并将其PVC敏感膜用于Hg(Ⅱ)的检测.实验表明,Hg(Ⅱ)对DtBBT的荧光具有猝灭作用,当HS(Ⅱ)浓度为1.0×10-9～1.0×10-5mol/L时,体系荧光猝灭度与Hg(Ⅱ)的浓度呈线性关系,据此建立了测定痕量Hg(Ⅱ)的高灵敏、高选择性方法,并用于河水中Hg(Ⅱ)的测定,获得了满意的结果.     

4-(4-甲基-2-硝基苯重氮基)氨基-4’-氯偶氮苯的合成及其与汞(Ⅱ)的显色反应

合成了新显色剂4-(4-甲基-2-硝基苯重氮基)氨基-4’-氯偶氮苯(简称MNDACB),并研究了其在Triton X-100存在下与Hg(Ⅱ)的显色反应。结果表明,在pH 11.0的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲介质中,试剂与Hg(Ⅱ)形成稳定的红色配合物,最大吸收波长位于495 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.45×105L.mol-1.cm-1,Hg(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0～0.8μg/mL范围内服从比耳定律。所拟方法操作简便,灵敏度高,用于废水中微量Hg(Ⅱ)的测定,结果满意。     

N503为载体的支撑液膜体系中汞(Ⅱ)的迁移研究

研究了以多孔聚偏氟乙烯为支撑体,N503为膜载体,煤油为膜溶剂的支撑液膜体系中Hg(Ⅱ)的迁移行为,测定了Hg(Ⅱ)与N503在煤油溶剂中的萃合物组成和条件萃取常数,考察了料液相pH值、载体浓度、料液相及反萃相中Cl-浓度等因素对Hg(Ⅱ)迁移的影响,获得Hg(Ⅱ)迁移的最佳条件:料液相pH=2.5～3.0,Cl-浓度为0.1 mol/L,载体浓度为0.706 mol/L,反萃相中Cl-浓度为0.8 mol/L.在最佳实验条件下,当Hg(Ⅱ)起始浓度为5.0×10-5 mol/L时,迁移120 min,Hg(Ⅱ)的迁移率可达99.6%.Hg(Ⅱ)在N503-煤油支撑液膜体系中的扩散层厚度δa为1.57×10-5 m,膜内扩散系数d0为7.26×10-13 m2/s,确立了Hg(Ⅱ) 的渗透系数P方程.     

4-(邻甲基苯氨基重氮基)-4′-硝基偶氮苯的合成及其与汞(Ⅱ)的显色反应

合成了一种新三氮烯试剂4-(邻甲基苯氨基重氮基)-4'-硝基偶氮苯(OMADNA),并研究了其物化性质及与Hg(Ⅱ)的显色反应。结果表明,在乳化剂OP存在下,在pH 10.2的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲介质中,Hg(Ⅱ)与该试剂形成稳定的桔红色络合物,最大吸收波长位于570 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.42×105L.mol-1.cm-1,Hg(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0~0.9μg/mL范围内服从比耳定律。所拟方法用于环境水样中微量Hg(Ⅱ)的直接测定,结果与双硫腙法一致。     

4-硝基-4'-磺酰胺基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯的合成及其与汞(Ⅱ)显色反应的研究

合成了新显色剂4-硝基-4'-磺酰胺基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯(NSADAA),并研究了其在Triton X-100存在下与Hg(Ⅱ)的显色反应.在pH 9.0～11.0缓冲范围内,NSADAA与Hg(Ⅱ)形成摩尔比2:1的红色配合物,其最大吸收波长为518 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.50×105 L·mol-1·cm-1,Hg(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0～0.8 μg/mL范围内遵守比耳定律.方法可用于测定废水中微量Hg(Ⅱ).     

4-(邻甲基苯氨基重氮基)-4'-硝基偶氮苯的合成及其与汞(Ⅱ)的显色反应

合成了一种新三氮烯试剂4-(邻甲基苯氨基重氮基)-4'-硝基偶氮苯(OMADNA), 并研究了其物化性质及与Hg(Ⅱ) 的显色反应. 结果表明, 在乳化剂OP存在下, 在pH 10.2的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲介质中, Hg(Ⅱ)与该试剂形成稳定的桔红色络合物, 最大吸收波长位于570 nm, 表观摩尔吸光系数为1.42×105 L·mol-1·cm-1, Hg(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0～0.9 μg/mL范围内服从比耳定律. 所拟方法用于环境水样中微量Hg(Ⅱ)的直接测定, 结果与双硫腙法一致.     

金属离子催化β-内酰胺类抗生素水解的荧光光谱研究

研究并比较了4种金属离子Hg(Ⅱ）、Mn（Ⅱ）、Zn（Ⅱ）、Cd（Ⅱ）在碱性条件下催化β-内酰胺类抗生素水解的能力,发现Hg(Ⅱ）、Zn（Ⅱ）对β-内酰胺类抗生素水解的催化作用效果良好,而Mn(Ⅱ）和Cd(Ⅱ)对长效青霉素水解的催化作用效果不明显。提出了分别在Hg(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)催化作用下测定β-内酰胺类抗生素的荧光光谱分析法,并用于体液中抗生素残留物的检测。     

基于反-双(β-二酮)-1,4-环己二胺的席夫碱Hg髤配位聚合物的合成与晶体结构

合成了反1,4-环己二胺桥联β-二酮的席夫碱配体L1(反-双(乙酰丙酮)-1,4-环己二胺)和L2(反-双(苯甲酰丙酮)-1,4-环己二胺),然后将配体L1和L2分别与Hg Cl2、Hg I2进行配位反应,得到4个Hg(Ⅱ)配合物:[Hg2(L1)Cl4]n(1),{[Hg2(L2)Cl4]·L2}n(2),[Hg2(L1)I4]n(3),[Hg2(L2)I4]n(4)。并通过元素分析、红外光谱、粉末衍射、单晶X射线衍射等对配合物的结构进行了表征。在固体状态下,配合物1和2的Hg(Ⅱ)离子与配体中的γ-C原子及3个氯离子配位形成1D链结构,配合物3的Hg(Ⅱ)离子与L1配体中的烯醇式氧原子,以及3个碘离子配位形成2D网状结构,配合物4的Hg(Ⅱ)离子与配体L2中的烯醇式氧原子及3个碘离子配位形成1D链结构。     

基于喹啉衍生物的汞离子选择性荧光传感分子的合成与应用

合成一种新型开-关(ON-OFF)型汞离子荧光传感分子triquinolin-8-yl benzene-1,3,5-tri-carboxylate（TQBTC）。 采用FT-IR、元素分析、¹H NMR测试技术对其结构进行了表征。 在对其荧光性质的研究中发现,TQBTC的乙腈-水溶液在253.0 nm波长辐射激发下于616.0 nm处发射强荧光,且对汞离子络合有较好的选择性。 TQBTC与Hg(Ⅱ)可形成1∶3型络合物,同时使荧光线性猝灭,TQBTC可作为Hg(Ⅱ)的荧光传感分子。 建立了一种测定Hg(Ⅱ)的灵敏分析方法。 Hg(Ⅱ)浓度在0~30 μmol/L的范围内与TQBTC的荧光猝灭呈线性关系,方法检出限为0.838 μmol/L。 方法应用于实际样品中Hg(Ⅱ)的检测,获得满意结果。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.